chuyen de so do chuyen hoa cac chat
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###################n i dungI. D ng 1: s m ph n t ch :- S chuy n ho � � � �� � � � � �� � �
gi a kim lo i v c c h p ch t S chuy n ho gi a phi kim v c c h p ch t � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � �
S chuy n ho gi a c c h p ch t v c .Sau y l c c b i t p c th :B i t p � �� � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � �
1: Vi t c c ph ng tr nh ho h c ho n th nh c c s chuy n ho sau:a. # � � �� � � � �� � � � � �� � �
EMBED Equation.3 ### # EMBED Equation.3 ###b. # EMBED Equation.3 ###
# EMBED Equation.3 ###c. # EMBED Equation.3 ### # EMBED Equation.3 ###
#B i l m: # EMBED Equation.3 ##### EMBED Equation.3 ###### EMBED Equation.3 � �
#### EMBED Equation.3 ####B i t p 2: Vi t ph ng tr nh ho h c th c hi n c c � � � �� � � � � � �
d y chuy n ho sau:a.#b.#c.#d.#e.B i l m:## EMBED Equation.3 ###### EMBED � � � � �
Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ##### EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3
##### EMBED Equation.3 ####B i t p 3: Vi t c c PTHH ho n th nh s ph n � � � � �� � � � �� �
ng sau:B i l m:# EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p 4: Vi t � � � � � �
c c PTHH ho n th nh s chuy n ho sau:#B i l m:# EMBED Equation.3 #### � �� � � � �� � � � �
EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p 5: Vi t c c PTHH ho n th nh s chuy n ho � � � � �� � � � �� � �
sau:#B i l m:# EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 � �
#### EMBED Equation.3 ####B i t p 6: Vi t c c PTHH ho n th nh s chuy n � � � � �� � � � �� �
ho sau:B i l m:# EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3� � �
### # EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p 7: Ho n th nh c c PTHH theo s sau:� � � � � � ��
a.Canxi# EMBED Equation.3 ###V i# EMBED Equation.3 ###Canxicacbua# EMBED �
Equation.3 ###Canxi sunfat# EMBED Equation.3 ###Canxi sunfua# EMBED Equation.3
###Canxi photphat# EMBED Equation.3 ###Canxi hi rophotphat# EMBED Equation.3 �
###Canxi sunfat.b. K m # EMBED Equation.3 ###K m oxit # EMBED Equation.3 � �
###K m clorua # EMBED Equation.3 ###K m hi roxit # EMBED Equation.3 ###K m � � � �
sunfat # EMBED Equation.3 ###K m nitrat # EMBED Equation.3 ###K m oxit# EMBED � �
Equation.3 ###K m.B i l m: a. Ca# EMBED Equation.3 ###CaO# EMBED Equation.3 � � �
###CaC2# EMBED Equation.3 ###CaSO4# EMBED Equation.3 ###CaS# EMBED Equation.3
###Ca3(PO4#)2 # EMBED Equation.3 ###Ca(H2PO4#)2# EMBED Equation.3 ###CaSO4.##
EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###b.Zn# EMBED Equation.3 ###ZnO#
EMBED Equation.3 ###ZnCl2# EMBED Equation.3 ###Zn(OH)2# EMBED Equation.3
###ZnSO4# EMBED Equation.3 ### Zn(NO3)2# EMBED Equation.3 ###ZnO# EMBED
Equation.3 ###Zn.# EMBED Equation.3 ####B i t p 8: Ho n th nh c c PTHH theo s� � � � � �
sau:a.#b.#B i l m:a. # EMBED Equation.3 ####b.# EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p�� � � � �
9: Vi t c c PTHH th hi n c c chuy n i ho h c sau:a. P# EMBED Equation.3 � � � � � � �� � �
###P2O5# EMBED Equation.3 ###H3PO4# EMBED Equation.3 ###Ca(H2PO4)2# EMBED
Equation.3 ###CaHPO4# EMBED Equation.3 ###Ca3(PO4)2.b. NH4NO3# EMBED
Equation.3 ###N2# EMBED Equation.3 ###NH3# EMBED Equation.3 ###NO# EMBED
Equation.3 ###NO2 # EMBED Equation.3 ###HNO3# EMBED Equation.3 ###NH4NO3#
EMBED Equation.3 ### NH3.c. NH3# EMBED Equation.3 ###NH4Cl # EMBED Equation.3
### NH4NO3# EMBED Equation.3 ###Ba(NO3)2# EMBED Equation.3 ### NH4NO3 #d.#e. #
f.###############g.###################h.B i l m:## EMBED Equation.3 ###### � �
EMBED Equation.3 ##### EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ##### EMBED
Equation.3 ##### EMBED Equation.3 ###### EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED
Equation.3 ##### EMBED Equation.3 #### # EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p 10: Cho � �
s sau:# EMBED Equation.3 ###Ch n c c ch t ph n ng 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 l n l t � �� � � � � � � ��
l :A.# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # EMBED Equation.3 �
###D. # EMBED Equation.3 ### ( p n B.B i t p 11: T nh ng s sau y, �� � � � � � � �� ��
ch n m t s th ch h p ( t ti u hao n ng l ng nh t, gi th nh r nh t) � � � �� � � � � � �� � � � � � ��
i u ch Ca t CaCO3.A. # EMBED Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # � � � �
EMBED Equation.3 ###D. # EMBED Equation.3 ### ( p n B.B i t p 12: Ch n m t �� � � � � �
s ng s n xu t gang theo nguy n t c d ng CO kh s t oxit nhi t cao:A. � �� �� � � � � � � � � � ��
# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # EMBED Equation.3 ###D. #
EMBED Equation.3 ###( p n D.# EMBED Equation.3 ###II. D ng 4: Thi t l p �� � � � �
chu i ph n ng t c c ch t cho.B i t p 1: Cho 5 ch t sau c m t trong s � � � � � � �� � � � � � � ��
i u ch Na t NaHCO3: Na(1), NaOH(2), NaCl(3), NaHCO3(4), Na2CO3(5).H y ch n s� � � � � � �
ng nh t i u ch Na.A.# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 ###�� �� � �� � � �
C. # EMBED Equation.3 ###D. C A, C u ng.( p n B.# EMBED Equation.3 ###� �� �� �� �
# EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p 2: Cho 5 ch t AlCl3 (1), Al (2), NaAlO2 (3), � � �
Al2O3 (4), Al(OH)3 (5). Ch n s g m 5 ph n ng v i s kh i u v k t th c � � �� � � � � � � �� � � �
u l Al.A.# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # EMBED �� �
Equation.3 ###D. # EMBED Equation.3 ###( p n C.# EMBED Equation.3 ###�� � #
EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p 3: Cho 5 ch t Cu(NO3)2(1), CuO(2), Cu(3), Fe(NO3)� � �
(4), FeCl2(5). Ch n s chuy n ho gi a c c ch t tr n d ng i u ch Fe(NO3)2 � � �� � � � � � � � � � �
t Cu(NO3)2.A.# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # EMBED �
Equation.3 ###D. # EMBED Equation.3 ###( p n A. # EMBED Equation.3 #### �� �
EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p 4: Cho bi t c c ch t u c m t trong qu tr nh � � � � � �� � � � �
i u ch Fe3O4 t FeO:FeO(1), Fe(NO3)2 (2), Fe(NO3)3 (3), Fe3O4 (4), Fe (5). H y� � � � �
ch n s th ch h p:A.# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # � � �� � �
EMBED Equation.3 ###D. # EMBED Equation.3 ###( p n B.# EMBED Equation.3 �� �
#### EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p 5: C nh ng ch t: Na2O, Na, NaOH, Na2SO4, � � � � �
Na2CO3, NaCl.D a v o m i quan h gi a c c ch t h y s p x p c c ch t tr n th nh � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
m t d y chuy n i ho h c.Vi t PTHH cho d y chuy n i ho h c tr n.B i l m: � � � �� � � � � � �� � � � � �
a. # EMBED Equation.3 ###Ho c: # EMBED Equation.3 ###(D a v o m i quan h gi a� � � � � �
c c ch t ta c th s p s p th nh nhi u d y kh c nhau).b. Vi t PTHH cho d y tr n:� � � � � � � � � � � � �
# EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p 6: D a v o m i quan h � � � � � �
gi a c c ch t, h y s p x p c c ch t sau th nh 1 d y chuy n i ho h c. Vi t � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � �
PTHH cho d y chuy n i ho h c .Zn, Zn(NO3)2, ZnO, ZnCl2, Zn(OH)2, K2ZnO2#Fe,� � �� � � ��
Fe(OH)2, FeCl#3, Fe2O3, FeCl#2, Fe3O4, Fe(OH)3, FeO.B i l m: a. # EMBED � �
Equation.3 ##### EMBED Equation.3 ###Ho c:# EMBED Equation.3 ##### EMBED �
Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3
###II. D ng 3: T m ch t ch a bi t trong d y v ho n th nh c c PTHH (s c m).� � � � � � � � � � � �� �
Khi bi t m t s ch t trong d y (s c m m t ph n, ho c c g i ).Khi kh ng � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � �
bi t ch t n o trong d y (s c m ho n to n v kh ng c g i ). B i t p 1: � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � �
##Ch n X, Y, Z, T, E theo ng th t t ng ng trong s sau:# EMBED � �� � � �� � � ��
Equation.3 ###A.# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # EMBED
Equation.3 ###D. # EMBED Equation.3 ###( p n D.## EMBED Equation.3 ##### �� �
EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p 2: Cho s sau:## EMBED Equation.3 ###C c ch t � � � �� � �
A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 l n l t l :A.# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 � �� �
###C. # EMBED Equation.3 ###D. # EMBED Equation.3 ###( p n B.## EMBED �� �
Equation.3 ###B i t p 3: Cho s chuy n ho sau:# EMBED Equation.3 ###T m � � � �� � � �
c ng th c c a c c ch t theo ng th t X, Y, Z, T.A.# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. � � � � � �� � �
# EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # EMBED Equation.3 ###D. # EMBED Equation.3 ###
( p n D.B i t p 4: Cho s chuy n ho sau:#C c ch t X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6 �� � � � � �� � � � �
l :�
#X1#X2#X3#X4#X5#X6##A#MgO#CO2#Mg(OH)2#KHCO3#MgCl2#K2CO3##B#BaO#CO2#Ba(OH)2#KHCO3
#BaCl2#K2CO3##C#CaO#CO2#Ca(OH)2#KHCO3#CaCl2#K2CO3##D#B v C u ng##( p n � �� �� �� �
B.B i t p 5: #Cho s chuy n ho sau:� � � �� � �
#X1#X2#X3#X4#X5#X6##A#Mg#Cl2#Mg(OH)2#HCl#MgSO4#BaCl2##B#Mg#Cl2#MgO#HCl#MgSO4#BaC
l2##C#Mg#Cl2#MgSO4#HCl#MgSO4#BaCl2##D#B v C u ng##( p n B.B i t p 6: Cho� �� �� �� � � �
s bi n ho sau:# EMBED Equation.3 ###Cho a, b, c, d l 4 ch t sau: AgNO3, � �� � � � �
CO, BaCl2, CuSO4. H y s p x p c c ch t theo ng th t a, b, c, d tr n s :� � � � � �� � � � � ��
A.# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # EMBED Equation.3 ###
D.# EMBED Equation.3 ### ( p n B.B i t p 7: Cho s chuy n ho sau:# EMBED�� � � � � �� � �
Equation.3 ###H y ch n c c ch t theo ng th t a, X, b, Y, c, Z:A.# EMBED � � � � �� � �
Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # EMBED Equation.3 ###D. # EMBED
Equation.3 ### ( p n C.B i t p 8: Cho 7 ch t FeCl2, FeCl3, Cu, Fe, HCl, H2, �� � � � �
Cl2. H y s p x p c c ch t n y v o ng v tr c c ch c i P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, � � � � � � � �� � � � � �
c s bi n ho ng. # EMBED Equation.3 ###Th t ng c a c c �� ��� � �� � � �� � � �� � �
ch t l :A.# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # EMBED � �
Equation.3 ###D. # EMBED Equation.3 ### ( p n C.B i t p 9: Cho 7 ch t sau: �� � � � �
BaCO3, H2S, Cu, BaCl2, HCl, Na2CO3, CuCl2. H y s p x p c c ch t n y v o ng v � � � � � � � �� �
tr c c ch c i P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, c s bi n ho ng.# EMBED � � � � �� ��� � �� � � ��
Equation.3 ###A.# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # EMBED
Equation.3 ###D. # EMBED Equation.3 ### ( p n C.#B i t p10: Cho s sau:�� � � � � ��
C c ch t X, Y, Z ph h p v i s chuy n ho tr n l :A.# EMBED Equation.3 ### B. � � � � � � � � � �
# EMBED Equation.3 ###C. # EMBED Equation.3 ###D. C A v C u ng.#( p n� � �� �� �� �
D.B i t p 11: Cho s chuy n ho sau:C c ch t X, Y, M l n l t l :A.# EMBED � � � �� � � � � � �� �
Equation.3 ### B. # EMBED Equation.3
###C. # EMBED Equation.3 ###D. C 3 p n tr n u ng.( p n D.B i t p � �� � � �� �� �� � � �
12: Ch n c c ch t A, B, C, D th ch h p v vi t c c PTHH theo s bi n ho sau:� � � � � � � � � �� � �
#B i l m:A: Cu(OH)2� � B: CuO C: Cu D: H2SO4C c PTHH:# EMBED �
Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p 13: Cho s bi n ho : #T m � � � �� � � �
c ng th c c a c c ch t ng v i c c ch c i A1, B1, Vi t c c ph ng tr nh ho � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � �
h c theo s .B i l m:A1: Fe2O3 � � �� �� � � A2: FeCl3 A3: AgCl
B1: H2O B2: Ba(OH)2 B3: NaOHC c PTHH:# EMBED Equation.3 �
###B i t p 14: Cho s bi n ho : #Bi t r ng: # EMBED Equation.3 ###T m � � � �� � � � � �
c c ch t t ng ng v i c c ch c i A, B, v vi t c c PTHH?B i l m:A ph i l � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � �
oxit s t, v A + HCl t o ra hai lo i mu i n n A ph i l Fe3O4.B: HCl� � � � � � � � C:
FeCl3 D: FeCl2 E: Cl2C c PTHH: # EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p 15:� � �
T c c ch t A, B, th ch h p h y vi t c c PTHH theo s bi n ho sau. Bi t M � � � � � � � � � � �� � � �
l m t h p ch t c a kim lo i v phi kim, B, C, D, H l c c h p ch t ch a l u � � � � � � � � � � � � �
hu nh, E, F, G, H l h p ch t c a s t ho c s t kim lo i.#B i l m:( y l m t � � � � � � � � � � � �� � �
c ch l m, ta c th ch n c c h p ch t kh c ho n th nh s tr n).M: FeSA: O2� � � � � � � � � �� � � � �� �
B: SO2 C: H#2SO4 D: Ag2SO4E: Fe2O3 F: Fe
G: FeCl2 H: FeSO4C c PTHH:# EMBED Equation.3 ###B i t p � � �
16: #Vi t c c PTHH theo s bi n ho sau:Trong A, B, C, D, E, F, G l � � � �� � � �� �
h p ch t c a l u hu nh v i ho tr l ch s la m .B i l m:B i n y c nhi u c ch� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
kh c nhau, t c l c th ch n c nhi u h p ch t kh c ho n th nh s tr n.� � � � � � ��� � � � � �� � � � �� �
D i y ch l m t c ch.A: FeS�� �� � � � � B: H2S C: SO2 D:
H2SO4 E: CuSO4 F: FeSO4 C c PTHH:# EMBED Equation.3 ###�
# EMBED Equation.3 ### #####PAGE #26##
a.v a b.+Y,to +Z,to a.b.VI � ��
II c.VI d.e.c.FeCl3
Fe(OH)3 Fe(NO3)2 (4)
(5) CaCO3 CaCl2
# EMBED Equation.3 ### Ca(OH)2 CaO
# EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###CaCO3 Ca(NO3)2
KHCO3 CO2 # EMBED Equation.3
#### EMBED Equation.3 ###(3) CaCO3
Na2ZnO2 ZnO # EMBED
Equation.3 ### ZnCO3 Zn(NO3)2
# EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###Zn (3)
Fe2O3 Fe # EMBED Equation.3
#### EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ### FeCl2
# EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###Fe (10)
(11) (9) Al2O3
(1) AlCl3 AlCl3
Al(OH)3 Al(NO3)3 (5)
Al2O3 Al # EMBED Equation.3
#### EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###Al #
EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###Al2(SO4)3 CaCO3
CaCO3 CaCO3 # EMBED
Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3
#### EMBED Equation.3 ###(1) Na2CO3
CaCl2 Ca(OH)2 CaO
CaCO3 Ba(HCO3)2 CO2 # EMBED
Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###22 23
24 25 19
20 21 89
10 11 12
13 14 15
16 17 18
6 7 4
3 1 NaNO2
Na2SO4 Na2CO3 NaClO
Na2O Na2S NaOH
Na NaHCO3 2
NaCl NaCl NaNO3
5 g.( c) Nh m sunfua Nh m �� � �
Fe(OH)3 FeCl3 Fe(OH)2
FeCl2 FeO (7) (2)
(10) (6) (9)
(5) (4) (8)
(3) (11) Fe2O3
Fe (1) (7) (4)
(11) (8) (9)
(1) (14) (15)
(13) d. Nh m hi roxit Nh m � � �
clorua (7) (4)
(11) (8) (9)
(1) (14) (15)
(13) (12) Nh m hi roxit � �
# EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###Bari aluminat Nh m oxit �
Nh m cacbua Natri aluminat Natri �
aluminat Nh m oxit Nh m hi roxit� � �
# EMBED Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###(3) (10)
14 11 12
9 10 7 8
5 6 4 1
3 2 13 22
20 21 17
19 16 18
15 Al(NO3)3 Al
Al(OH)3 Al2O3 VI
(12) Al(OH)3 # EMBED
Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###Ba(AlO2)2 Al2O3
Al4C3 AlCl3 CuO(1)
(1) (3) SO2 H2S
CuS H2S (2) (3)
(1) ( )d 22 d (d )VI �� ��� � �
Al(OH)3 Al2S3 Al
NaAlO2 Al2O3Al(OH)3 # EMBED
Equation.3 #### EMBED Equation.3 ###(3) (10)
NaAlO2 Al4C3 Na2SO3 SO2
CaSO3 SO2 Na2SO3 S H2SO3
(2) (6) (5)
(4) CO2 CO2 Na2CO3
Ca(HCO3)2 C CO2 CO (7)
(2) (6) (5)
(4) (3) NaNO3
NaNO2 NO HNO2 NO2 NO
N2 (7) (2) (6)
AlCl3 Al(NO3)3 Al2S3
Al AlN Al2(SO4)3
NaAlO2 (5) (4)
(3) (12) (13)
S t(III) hi roxit � �
S t(III) clorua S t(II) hi roxit � � �
S t(II) clorua S t(II) oxit (7) � �
(2) (10) (6)
(9) (5) (4)
(8) (3) (11)
S t(III) oxit S t (1) 13 � �
12 II IVC 44
39 40 41
42 43 Fe
FeSO4 Fe(NO3)2 Fe Fe2O3
Fe(NO3)3 Fe(OH)3 FeCl3
Fe2O3 Fe(NO3)3 FeCl2
14 25 38
36 37 34
35 32 30
31 28 29
26 11 12
9 10 7 8
5 6 4 1
3 2 13 24
22 23 20
21 17 19
16 18 27
FeCl2 Fe(NO3)2 Fe3O4
FeCl3 Fe2(SO4)3Fe(OH)2 15
Fe (1) Na2SO3 Na2SO4
Na2SO3 SO3 v a h.g.b.c.e.c.f.a.SO2 � ��
H2SO3 H2SO4 (2) (3)
(1) SO2 S BaSO4
(6) (5) (4)
(7) (10) (9)
(8) Na2S S PbS(6)
(5) (4) (7)
(8) FeS (d )(d )Fe(OH)3 � �
+Z Cl2 Z X Y
+T M M Y M
+X +Y X B2
B3 B1 MCO3 X5
X6 MCO3 X3 X4 MCO3
X2 MCO3 X1 MgCl2 X5
X6 MgCl2 X3 X4
MgCl2 X2 MgCl2 X1 A3
A2 A1 Fe(OH)3
to D C B
A+D +D +D
B CuCl2 Cu(NO3)2
CuSO4C 23 AC B
E +X +Y +E
+B D C A
A A +X,to
Fe M H D
C M B E
F B +A G F
S A k t t aII A 11 � �
12 9 10 7
8 5 6 4
1 3 2
13 Ca(OH)214 25
29 36 37
34 35 32
33 30 31
28 29 26
11 12 9 10
7 8 5 6
4 1 3 2
13 24 20 21
17 19 16
18 27 Ca
CaCl2 Ca(NO3)2 CaCl2
Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 CaOCl2
CaCl2 CaC2 CaSO4CaO CaCl2
Ca(OH)2 CaO Ca CaSO4CaC2
CaCl2 15 Ca
CaCO3 Ca(NO3)2
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