Tải bản đầy đủ (.doc) (135 trang)

giáo án 12 cơ bản

Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (1.07 MB, 135 trang )





−
− !""!
−#$!%&'$
!"
(%)*+ !,-.,/-"01
#$%&2345"/,5 6-"*"/7,8+-"

'()
$*+9:;!,</1=>!%>/?$@
A

B
:8
;+/-C+5/1/7DAEFGHI
,9
FJ74$K9: L,/5M8,N LC
FJ77/+7/>/
FO,-P>7/
-- 4%$!",Q/R
/0123456
7%89SB"TU9V$-= /$
:;<=>?SW"TU9I)IX
#(;@
1AB-CD.E/ E4FGCD6H G30I
%&ASAW"TU9J;:K9LK=*MN=%&O
/.90
"0""94%$!",Q


F(+.9H8$/)
4Y#1Z[[
"1$Y/C[
  8Y  \4    $  
14]
:4    >  ,-  C
$    $@  "  $  8
MC/!^
9X%0^
F_`DG#>
#1Z[[
 X%          
^
P-ab,C/>
44
Fc>#1Z
[[
F
Xd8$ 5/

3DEFG
QN=%&OR
F(+.9:4>#1Z
[[\4F$
]
Fe48N
7$ )C"C"7
#/,$+\f
3=%&KS
e/

M 1 @    f
6 L,-$R7,$+
ghNg
VD: e>Z[[
%&BSAi"TU9T;:KUVO<TN=%&%MKW=
?.9,%"0$!>KP0,>7$"0
$!
"0""94%$",Q
Fjb//?4
$/@$K\/k
 +l,N,-8
ω
S$`U
:6:/$@
$K
9j,$+>,-4
$K7@/
mW,7@/≠W^
FX7@/mW,
$+>/4?
W

aR8
ϕ

FX7@/ ≠ W,$+>
/4?

a
R8S

ω
n
ϕ
U
9j!%>Q
/?@/
$.ka^
F(<!/64
$K>Q/

Fj,$+>,-4
$K7@/
mW,7@/≠W
Fj!%>Q
/?7@/≠W
amk?Sωn
ϕ
U
-12CD3DE
FGFXEY
/ZN[
ojb//?4$K
$/@$K +
l,N8
ω

FH6!%>?$.
ka$p,N@ +>@
$K 8$p,N\/k>
@ $K X Q4  /    

$$.ka#6
k
FX7mW,$+>/?R?
W

aR8
ϕ
S$U
FX7@/884
%/?a
R8
( )
ϕω
+t

X6   a m 
OP
 >  /   8
"0$!9
amk?Sωn
ϕ
U
4\]D^ω_
ϕ
`
(Nlω
ϕ
f
9_DG
K^

 P,-P>d
7$)*$^
F?/K
$/7q))8
!%>/
/0*4
$K@ +/
F
K
<Qa
P :%P >7
9
nr
n"
n"
ns
nX8
FsZh
F8!=
e            
$8>,-//
)S4U>@
#-VO<T
0$!9

US
ϕω
+=
tAx
X$89

a9>
l9

9
ω
8>

[ ]
Rad=
ω
`

( )
9
ϕω
+t
">7@
/
( )
[ ]
Radt =+
ϕω

9
ϕ
">
S7mWU
bcd
?/K$
/7q))8

!%>//0
*  4    $K    
@ +/7q8
?
?

:
c
4
_
_

t
u
tnu
?
?

:


\e
t
ϕ
tnu
\
\
7q8
%&vSAW"TU9T;:KKfTSghSgij=N=%&%MKW=
?.9,%)*5MXwxP,0,>T

"0""94%$!
FXd/5M8
! ,N
yDG$ 5/ !
8>
K
FDGZh,
Nd8"
5/
klHmlHm
nCD3DEFGFXEY
Kfo*Sg
=KfoS P5XU
F: LSXU>
1@,-=5
/"
zX{m
>SgS +5xU
FXSxU>K
"=5
$/\4
xm
Aw
m
X B|

zx{mD}
Sgi^ +5U

f

T



B
B
==

[ ]
sRad `=

4. Cuỷng coỏ kieỏn thửực (6 phuựt)
:
A
X%^e^X%^


: !
l@$7C"7g
r@ZQ$7C"7g
:@,-=5/
e:\r,:T

#
X>
l !=5$/\4
r$7C"7g$A0,@
:=5$@A\4
e:1v\lr:T


b
r>/,-K
l=7a
/a



rf~#7>,-
:#@$
E
A
L ,-aQ"d,$+\fC,$+
elr:T
pV@Nq,r,stSA"TU
F:\dA%iF$FGHI
Fr-"$FGHI
 
4741


F9n…>
ns L""
F(%9n0$!>,1+7$"0$!
n:)*5M8 L,
n:)*,-,>
!"F(<[>h@,N"f )
Fs/-"0=RGHI
#$%&2345"/,5 6-"*"/7,8+-"

'()

$*+9:;!,</1=>!%>/?$@
A

B
:8
;+/-C+5/1/7DAEFGHI
,9
FJ74$K9: L,/5M8,N LC
FJ77/+7/>/
FO,-P>7/
-- 4%$!",Q
/0123456
7%89SB"TU9V$-= /$
:;<=>?Sƒ"TU


9…,,%"0$!^:%6,0,7$8


9: !
l@$7C"7g
r@ZQ$7C"7g
:@,-=5/
e:\r,:T

#
:6\sai
r>/,-K
l=7a
/a



 
rf#•7>,-
:#€@$
E
A
 L ,-aQ"d,$+\fC,$+
el:T
#(;@
uTKg,vUSA"TU9Chúng ta đã biết phương trình dao động điều hòa, vậy để xác định được
trạng thái dao động tức là ta cần phải xác định được vận tốc và gia tốc của vật.
u<TN,
1AB-CD.E/ E4FGCD6H
G30I
%&ASAi"TU9T;:K*wx*y=x%=*wN=z{z)Ky
9 D€4,%*,-
  $      
K^
†47,$+,
$+\  f ,- C8
,-%^
 >,-,
%,N">4
a^
,ma‡m−ωlSωnϕU
am±l

,mW
amW,m±ωl

P @8$f,-
$ˆ"π`B,N
//|m/YDmCD/|
3DEFGFXEY
/vg

US‰
ϕωω
+−==
tAxv
F,
/a
mlω amW9(-#(X:r
F,
/
mW am±l9(-R,$+
KL9(-$ˆ"π`B,N
 (%   * >  
US‰‰‰
B
ϕωω
+−=== tAxva
=g
  $      
K^
H,8C
/!^
FH))
,N,8NŠ
5,NN>


US‰‰‰
B
ϕωω
+−===
tAxva
F‹‹
/a
mlω
B
 am±l9,-R
FmW amWS(X:rU 8
Œ

mW
FH)Q,NSD49
(b0)N,(X:rU
KL:H)),N
,8NŠ5,NN>
%&BSAB"TU9/}%~8j=N=%&%MK8=
FDNyD,<[a
,$$@"ϕmW
FImW9
amlSωU
mlS
B|
X
U
,mFlωS
B|

X
U
/ F•  )  CD  3DE  FG  FX
€D
F(<[$@"ϕmW
 WX`EX`BvX`EX
a lWFlWl
,
WFlωWlωW

Flω
B
Wlω
B
WFlω
B

lω
B

mFlω
B
S
B|
X
U
Fj,-
7@/mW
mX`E
mX`BmvX`EmX

bjgfS•"TU
F:>7 %*,,-,>
FsP,<[>


?,-K #,$+\f8
l,-fW,=7 r,-=7,=7
:,-8N=7S=7U,fW e,-fW,fW


H$KaR9
lmω
B
a rmFωa
B
 :mFω
B
a emω
B
a
B

#
…[ˆa>/Kh@
!X7@/m
E
Xv
,-8,-, 
9
l,mWYm l r,m lYmW

:,m lYmW e,mWYmW
pV@Nq,r,sSA"TU
F:\•d•F$„FGHI
Fr-"AWAA$„FGHI
F:-"R-"
a
,




X
2
T
4
T
4
3T
k
k
k
l
Fl
ω
A
Flω
Flω
B
lω
B




P:>, Z\/ %*,K
F_6Z79…"0$! !,-,[
>K
!"
(-. %*€6,1-"8#
#$%&92345/,5/T 6-"*"/7,8
+-"
'()
$*+9
:;5-",K8Ny1
,9
D6g,/-"
-- X4%$!",Q
/E4FG3456
7%89SB"TU9V$-= /$
:;<=>?Si"TU
•K‚9
…,,%"0$!^:%6,0,7$8
 ?,-h"0$!9amlSωnŽU
Us-")*+,-,>,-
U†(X!,-fW^†(X!fW^
U†(X!,-8N=7^†(X!8N=7^
#(vU
1AB-CD.E/ E4FGCD6H G30I
%&ASA‚"TU9s/-"ƒ‚„AW$GHI$„
FH6/6*-46
-"9ƒ‚„AW

$GHI$„
F:N"$E8//$B
"T88/•7
5$1@",1+
F:8/-5/,.1
-
FH1+9
r‚I/,-4
$K,N8π$`!
!%>8$@
+gK,N
p88
X89Xm
B B
π π
ω π
=
mB
(xm
A A
X B
=
mWiD}
r„X89amFiSEπUS/U
miSEπnπUS/U
⇒lmi/Yϕmπ$
rƒ…":
r‚…"l
r„…"e
rAWXd"0$!9

lmB/Yϕm

π
$Y"R@
/SiF

π
US$U
rAWXd"0$!9
lmB/Yϕm

π
$Y"R@
/SiF

π
US$U
%&BS‚"TU9:M-"AA
H6/66,/
Z1N";
$ƒ"T6/h/
M
-5/,.4/
Xh$!9D(X
v•/G4$lm
A‚/X@d,$+
rAA
UWi
UBD}
UA‚/

4%,$+ 
A
B
X
G4$ !XmBWBimWi
,9xmA`XmBD}
%&vSƒ"TU:M-"A„$GrX$E
_66,M
-"
:?9Xh!,<,!Sωn
B
π
U
m[Sωn
B
π
UF
B
π
]mω
>/c$$.4
5>/
$$.a
rA„
Xh!,<,!Sωn
B
π
Um
[Sωn
B

π
UF
B
π
]mω
>/c$$.4
5>/$$.a
4) jgQKƒvUSE"TU
_6$1@,1+-"$Z5/ #$-"$v
p`V@Nq,r,sSA"TU
e6$N•:ZKa‘
479
474
bE„…„€†E
[+K9
1. Kiến thức
k
k
F(%9:)*= b,.,,-KY:)*+ !>ZK
aY:)*+'%',0'>ZKa0'1
FH1+7>ZKaK
F-ab+,=%',%' Z
F’".)*,-8$-"1-"0=
F(%"0$!=6>ZKa
2.Kĩ năng91-",4>Z
3.Tư duy và thái độ9:8 1'4ˆ64--*T, 6*.
6,=
K‡>8
$*+ZKa*,8%p!,<
,nJ7"0$!K*,,-

nJ79'%'0' 5/=[%'[
-VOU$UN,/7/R,Qh,56
/<T>N
7%8Q@U
:;<=>?^pUc`
FX$1@\•A%•$ƒ‚„GHI
#&NK>;@
Hoạt động 1: Tìm hiểu cấu tạo con lắc lò xo và trạng thái của con lắc^pUc`
%&/ %&H &NK
oH(Dah/!,<=
5\59
FQ7>ZKa^(X:r
>8
FI b,-%r1h•
#//)14
>Z^
Fe>Z8"1
K ^
oG41-=
5\5>H(

QˆQW\
1. Cấu tạo: [//,-• 
/Z,/Ka 

Nhận xét: b,-%,$+r1
= )/Z
K#,$+\f
Hoạt động2: Khảo sát dao động của con lắc lò xo về mặt động lực học, chu kì, tần số^pUc`
oZ7N1

=6^
o(<!/)1$7>
ZKa^
F_   665 #
%"\+=,Š$“=
\4$4>Z 
Ka€%7^
oDNyDG*•
ZK”

o:=55:
A^
o(% )* +    !
>Z^
o\ab,N,N
>= b,
oDG41-$1@
oDG41-$1@
uX1-:
A
uX$1@h4
F(%)*>= b,
,-ab=,+5/
$N=%&j=QˆQW
\*M;‰%8QVŠ
Ib,-/%r1,-=
•#/!,-N
.>=[ŒmF a
Xh-••089
Œm/


– am/

mF

/
a
C9ω
B
m
k
m

mFω
B
a85/
amlSωnϕU/vQˆN=%&
%MKW=
oX, !,>ZKa9
Tần số góc:
k
m
ω
=
C hu kì:
B
m
T
k
π

=
uLực kéo về
Fs=))N,,$+\
f
F8NŠ5,N
k
a
Œ
r
Œ
r
x
?
l

ur

ur

ur

ur
Hoạt động 3: Xây dựng biểu thức động năng thế năng , sự bảo toàn cơ năng^pUc`
* Nhắc lại các vật chuyển động
dưới tác dụng của các lực thế;
lực đàn hồi, trọng lực thì cơ
năng bảo toàn
* Trả lời các câu hỏi sau:
 P   )  *  +  '
  > ,- 8    4

^
F     )  *  +  '
>,-8 %
7^
F:0'>,-
.>%1
€4  /  *  7    ,N
$@ "  4    >
Z^

F2T$ %-,0'>
Z$

FD\•:
B
^
oDG%"N7 %*
oHN$1@)*+
',%'
PDG=/"1 /
*d)*0'
Fe=,)*4$ %
-
FD\•:
B
$N=%&j=Qˆ*M
;‹"QVŠ
1. Động năng của con lắc lò xo
B
A

B
d
W mv=
2. Thế năng của lò xo
B B

A A
t
B B
k l kx= ∆ =
3. Cơ năng của con lắc lò xo . Sự bảo
toàn cơ năng .
B B
A A
B B
d t
W W W mv kx= + = +
?9—

m
A
B
/,
B
m
A
B
/l
B
ω

B

B
SωnϕU
,N mω
B
/
—

m
A
B
a
B
m
A
B
l
B

B
SωnϕU
m
A
B

B
l
B


B
SωnϕU
Suy ra:
B B B
A A
B B
W kA m A
ω
= =
= hằng số
F :0  '>  Z  Š 5  ,N !
"0>
F:0'>Z1%
R#/6/ .
bjgN‰NW^pUc`
PH,8/7+>I/$/*-*,%"/N>6f/
\X$Z5/7$N
F(3/-"9Ei•G `Av
5. Rút kinh nghiệm :
]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]
]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]
]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]
479
474
X%i9:ks˜:…™
[+K
AI%*
FQZ0 5Z0K(%)*
+ !>Z0
F(%*+%',0'>Z0j= b,

F-ab+,=%>',%'>Z 
BI'91-"0=$*.>Z0$,5a
$0=
vX4,9:8 1'4ˆ64--*T, 6*.
6,=
K‡>8
$*+ :Z,N08•.!,<
,J7I%*"\+=
-VOU$UN,/7/R,Q,56
/<TN
7%8Q@U
:;<=>?(5phút)
= :\•Bv$AvGHI
> :\i•$AvGHI
#(;@
FT;:KQˆ%O*MŒK*<$j=i(5phút)
%&/ %&H &NK
oH(Dah/!,<$1@
\•
FQ7>Z0^
FI b,-/%r1š•
#//)14>
Z^
Fe>Z8"1
K ^
oG41-=
5\5>H(
QQˆ%O
1. Cấu tạo:/,-•
8 /$hR

/\4 )
€ 
Nhận xét: b,-%,$+r1
= )/Z0
K#,$+\f
%& $N=%&j=Qˆ%O*M;‰%&Qr,(15phút)
oZ7N1
=6^
o(<!/)1$7>
Z0
F_665#%
"\+=,Š$“=\4$
4>Z0h
"0+f)*
^
oDNyDG*•
Z  0 8    ) 
K
o…C,Q 5Z
0^
oG)*

mF/`
,ŒmF a(%)*+
 !>Z^
oD,<!41
- = 5  \ 5
>H(
oX$1@hP
o:*/Z0


oG,$Kp /`
$T$)*+
8, !>Z0
$N=%&j=Qˆ%O
*M;‰%&Qr,
oI/R,$+r!9
n(-Cak?mm
α
n($+\4$haR8
α
9
os=\4$4,=
N\/9

mF/α
m›e…>Z0 )"1e……D
(Nα

AW
W
m›αmαm`l thì


mF/`
(-43=%&j=Qˆ%O*@i
Qƒ ‚  Q  N=  %& %MK   •
UVO<T]
Ž
^ω_ϕ`

*@
Ž
]Q•
Ž
>+%&N=%&
oX, !,>Z09
Tần số góc:
l
g
ω
=
Chu kì:
B
g
T
l
π
=
s=l
E
α•Ž

D
_
α‘Ž
T
ur
n
P
uur

P
ur
t
P
ur

(

o:=55:
A


:
B^
oX$1@\•:
A


:
B
%&#$N=%&j=Qˆ%O*M;‰"QVŠ(10phút)
* Trả lời các câu hỏi sau:
P)*+'
>,-8 ^
F)*+'>
  ,-  8    8 R  $  $6
$d0^
F:T/0'>Z
1%•#/^
oX$1@\•:

v

oHN$1@)*+
  '  ,  %  '  ,  0
'
uX1-$1@
 $N=%&j=
Qˆ%O*M;‰"QVŠ
1. Động năng của con lắc lò xo:
B
A
B
d
W mv=
2.Thế năng của con lắc đơn
SA  U
t
W mgl
α
= −
3. Cơ năng của con lắc đơn
B
A
SA  U
B
d t
W W W mv mgl
α
= + = + −
%&b+KN[j=Qˆ%ON’%:\$%8=g<OrN(5phút)

o  ) . >   Z
$,=Q
o…/(e=%Q4
).>Z
o\+4\y%
84&RM
0 p
oDZh%" %*
oD8p1N""\+
=4&>
/IN[\$%8=g<O
[N
Xd
B
l
T
g
π
=
]•
B
B
E 

X
π
=


?aa

SfNU, L>Z
0S[[Q/\4U
bjgPN‰NW9(5phút)
FX$1@\•ABv$AƒGHI
F(/Ei•ƒGHI,-"
p1cfƒ;





?
W
α
D
l
479
474
X%•rœ•X•
[+K9
AI%*
nXd"0$!a9 !8>Z0,Z
Ka
ns-""0$!"0$!,-d14%>
BI•'9H101,
vX4,9:8 1'4ˆ64-++a$= #
K‡>8
$*+/-"$Z5/,=-
,)7 %*,
-VOU$UN,/7/R,56

/<T>N
7%8Q@U
:;<=>?^pUc`
FQ7ZKa,Z0)*+ !^…',%'>Z%
&#7%^
Hoạt động 19 giải bài tập trắc nghiệm(20phút)
%&/ %&H &NK
o:D6:\$Z
5/ Ei•  $  Av  
X$!4
o: D 6 : \  $Z
5/ Ei•  $  Av  
X$!4
o:61•
-"BAYBvYBEYBiX$i
,vƒ$ƒGrX
oDG6d\p
41-$
"TD1+
o  X1 - 8/ !/ $
%#1D1+
o  X1 - 8/ !/ $
%#1D1+
- Câu 4 trang 13: D; Câu 5 trang 13: D
Câu 6 trang 13: B
-Câu 4 trang 17: D ; Câu 5 trang 17: D
Câu 6 trang 17: C
BA:\lYBv:\eYBE:\l
Bir9
BB

A
B
A
B
BB
kA
kxmvw =+=

smxA
m
k
v `W•vUS
BB
=−=
vƒ:
Hoạt động 19 Giải bài tập tự luận về dao động điều hoà của con lắc lò xo và con lắc đơn (15phút)
Bài 1: ?,- b5 •
(X:r/7•/1,\
=,N8wm|S$U
j"0$!>
Z,N 59
T,-#(X:rh0
T,-#(X:rh\/
oDNy19
F(%"0$!&#>

FX4lm•/
F(-. 51!/$
Ž
( Một lò xo được treo thẳng

đứng, đầu trên của lò xo được giữ
chuyển động đầu dưới theo vật
nặng có khối lượng m = 100g, lò
xo có độ cứng k = 25 N/m. Kéo vật
rời khỏi VTCB theo phương thẳng
đứng hướng xuống một đoạn 2cm,
oDG%"
o…68/Z
oDG1-1
oDG
%"

0$!&#9amlSwnŽU
am•S|nŽU
mWamW,›W
am•ŽmW
,mF•|Ž›W
ŽmW
ŽžW
m›ŽmF|`B
(-4"$!9am•S|–|`BU/
mWamW,žW
 am•Žm•
 ,mF•ŽžW
 ŽmW
 Ž›W
 m›Žm|`B
(-4"$!9am•S|n|`BU/

=`X7,$+\fk! ∆m/

⇒∆m
0,04
25
0,1.10
k
mg
==
S/U
∆

W
WS(X:rUU
a
F∆
Ÿ
Ÿ
Ÿ
∆

W
W(VTCB)
a
-

l
Ÿ
Ÿ
Ÿ





truyền cho nó vận tốc
310
.
π
(cm/s) theo phương thẳng đứng
hướng lên. Chọn góc tg là lúc thả
vật, gốc toạ độ là VTCB, c dương
hướng xuống.
a. Viết PTDĐ.
b. Xác định thời điểm vật đi
qua vị trí mà lò xo giãn 2 cm
lần thứ nhất.
* Hương dẫn Học sinh về
nhà làm câu b
o…68/Z
oDG1-1
nωm
π===
5105
1,0
25
m
k
S2`U
n/,N"0$!
amlSωnϕU
mWamB/›W
,mAWπS/`UžW

X8Bmlϕ→:ϕ›W
FAWπmFiπlϕ→Gϕ›W
m›ϕmA`
v
⇒ϕm|`vS2U→lmES/U
(-4Xe…9amESiπnUS/U
bjgN‰NW(5phút)
P:7@C",>-1-"$Z5/
F(/-"$-";
p1cfƒ;
3
3

i
π



ngày soạn .
ngày dạy .
TiÕt 7 3DEFG…3l/Y3DEFG
“(I
[+K9

FMC/>q4$ *,R
FH1+4\>Z
F 58Ra14$
F,,+.,/#$6>5R
F(<,1+@R
”",-. 5R1+/5,-P8#H1-"

0= 
#VNK*$%&9:8 1'4ˆ64--*T, 6*.
6,=
K‡>8
$*+r+5/>ZKa74$/C"q+5/REv
:,+.>Z$/,+,R
,/ 1$N6)-",0'>Z—m
BB
B
A
Am
ω
-VOU$UN,…/7/RX),Q,56]
/<TN
7%89
:;<=>?9^pUc`
F(%*>',%'0'>Z0R,$+85¡Q !
FIZ!',%'>Z%%^
#(;@
%&T;:KN=%&ˆNShN=%&NK<T^pUc`
%&/ %&H &NK
oX=%€4-abZ8
K ^
orZ%^
oH($Z,[
>Z
o4 \  y % 5
$^
oH(*.Z
1+0%>7


o…$$,N
$ +5x
W
orf4$!Z
)Z/ )
=$ 1@^
o…4$!
osQ4/,+./
74$!
oc+//)1-
ab
oDGd+5/$1@
oH\ 5/
oDG4Š$1@[@1
+  4  \  y  %  
Z
oDGh“%" %*

oX%" %*
u1p"'
/f/0Q$
oX%" %*
oX!//,+.
f•i;=$QˆN=%&
%MK*@Sg<+^Sg–U[
K&*$%‰Zj=ƒ`
3=%•ˆNS9
1. Thế nào là dao động tắt dần ?
Dao động mà biên độ giảm dần theo

t
2. Giải thích :
e=1>/)$@SŒ
/
U/
0'>Z48
5'

l1/,d7
#IN[j=ˆNS
r"-1/a8 ))ah/4"-
•=]
3=%&NK<T
u 3=%&%VŠNK<T>—$˜
 >+%&  f•  %9  ;  f•  Q;
=%9KfTN=%•<+j=ƒ,
QN=%&NK<T
o(+.,4$!9
 …,“@0#4[[
\48–"
a















E









Hoạt động 2: Tìm hiểu dao động cưỡng bức(10 phút)
ĐVĐ: ?@d#4
14a
o-ab>
#4T4%^
o  ?        #4  ,y

W
 Z!@T
/!^
oH($ *
)=4Q"/
s#4p7s/Q
//
os/X!EvS:

A
U
oD6-ab>#4
oS.7=U@p
4;4
DG%"N

oD\•:
A
3=%&V™>
QN=%&V™>
n3=%&8K$N[j=;&
QrV™>KS,QN=%&
V™>
/ZN[9GHI`A„
#F‰%:;9
nƒN=%&V™>iSg>—
Sgj=QrV™>
ni>+%&f
Ž
%9,".,9
Fr>7=
F…5>7=x,N
$>5x
W
nIxfx
W
 !
 *%&N
%&#T;:KƒVŠ&VshrVsj=&Vs^ŽUc`

o:6>
 *
o  HN  5  [    >  
 *
oH1•+
oX=55:
B
o\+/#$6>
5R.
8,7>R”
uD6
uX%" %*
uD\•:
B
uX1-8/$1@\•
>H(
/ƒVŠ&Vs
1. Định nghĩa: ƒ  VŠ>+  %&
N=%&V™>"%$<8
r%fSgšj=QrV™>
%Sgš
Ž
j=ƒN=%&,
QƒVŠ&Vs
FMKfƒ&Vsšmx
W
2.Giải thích:
Ixmx
W



5Q"'
"TT

5
'7=7 
'fQ"'

#S;LK=<,j=ƒVŠ&
Vs9
Fj-4= ah )
5.= *
/78xmx
W
y%€4)$!
š
Ž
D
D
;=\
š
E
l
r
:
¢
H
e
FD" ,) 8" )
R

bjgN‰NW^pUc`
PX8/Z7+f\•
X%Z1+7Z^e *^D5
R
\54$!, *^
F(/-"ABvEi•$BAG :;
p1cfƒ;




ngày soạn
ngày dạy
TiÕt 8 7A-D3DEFGF€D›
-h›lHm
-- œF•/•Ež1•P•
[+K9

Fr%ˆˆ/f/,h0#4
FZ/"0""1[Œ$hFh
Fr%!)*+&"l,5"ϕ
FZ/ p" 5"
”"G•.1[,h0#4&"BKp"0p
H1-",&"
#VNK*$%&9:8 1'4ˆ64--*T, 6*.
6,=
K‡>8
$*+:!,<,,+.,pa14$
,jh/$N)-"!%>,h0a$.6
-VOU$UN,F/7/R,Q,56]

/<TN
7%8Q@U
:;<=>?9^pUc`
e *!^C/,4^
I *7$=7=74".,4%^
#(;@
%&(ŸKNŸ;&N=%&%MK>—;&*•OLK=^pUc`
%&/ %&H &NK
oZ7•>,5M
      ,4
$K

o  HN  5      ˆ
  f  /  ,h0  #4
k?
uuur

oD\:
A
oDGN%"
oX%"N
us1:\:
A
/{OLK=
&N=%&%MK*@\]D^ω_ϕ`
%VŠ>:KNŸ>—*{OLK=
MO

<+<[%&E\*{Oi
_gE

_F&NE]D
_ŠU*@<[E†
;&i>—U=
>=%SK
ϕ

-
\
\
E

W
a
?
ϕ
n
%& T;:K-VOU$U%~ž<•P•^pUc`
PsQ4/,+.
o…$
B
1[Œ$hFh
o_DGˆX
a
A
ml
A
Sωnϕ
A
U
a

B
ml
B
Sωnϕ
B
U
f,h0#4,&"
,h04
uDG%",=Q4,+.
o  D6    #    ,  h
4%$!
os1
,<
-- œF7ž1•P•
F‰*Œ%M
X!/&"Be……Dp
"0p9
A A A
S Ux A t
ω ϕ
= +
,
B B B
S Ux A t
ω ϕ
= +
e&"9
A B
x x x= +
-VOU$U%~ž<•P•

a
A
→
A
MO

H97k
…N9k?
A
ml
A


AWA
US
ϕ
=
=t
OXMO


a
B
→
B
MO

H97k
…N9k?
A

ml
A


BWB
US
ϕ
=
=t
OXMO



MO

m
A
MO

n
B
MO

,!%>8
$$.a

A B
E- E- E-= +
D49ama
A

na
B

(b0
OM
uuuur
ˆ&",
879amlSωnϕU
o(-4&">
p"0pQ/
p"0p,N
8
%&#;Dh *9ŠUF&QƒU=^pUc`
oX)*+lŽ
oe=,!,<!/7
)*l,"
Ž >&
"S:
B
U
oI ϕ
B
 – ϕ
A
 mBπ !
a
A
,a
B
^lm^

oIϕ
B
–ϕ
A
mSBnAUπ!
a
A
,a
B
%
^
m›lm^
oI ϕ
B
 – ϕ
A
 m π`Bn π !
a
A
,a
B
%
^
m›lm^:%P>
5"^
uDNy/-"(e
FDNy6,%X
  &  "  f E
91
[%,p/4+

X!/    &  "  v  
oD%"
o:8/1-!/$
*+,"
o4-ab
oG4-ab
uD4$1@
\•>,
os11
oX%"N
>(+%&hU=>=%SK9ŠUj=
=N=%&
Biên độ:
l
B
ml
B
B
nl
A
B
nBl
A
l
B
Sϕ
B
–ϕ
A
U

Pha ban đầu
A A B B
A A B B
l  l 

l  l 
ϕ + ϕ
ϕ =
ϕ + ϕ
3. Ảnh hưởng của độ lệch pha:
o%ϕ
B
–ϕ
A
mBπ9p
"m›lml
/a
ml
A
nl
B

o%ϕ
B
–ϕ
A
mSBnAUπ9
"m›lml
/
m

l F l
A B
n% ϕ
B
–ϕ
A 
mπ`Bn π9
,)8,N9
lm
B B
A B
l n l
b/ZN[9
:BK9
A
vSi US Ux t cm
π
=
,
B
ESi US U
v
x t cm
π
π
= +
X!/"0$!&"a^
H1
B B W
v E BvE•W •W‚ •AA cm= + + = ≈

W
W
W E •W
 W•„B‚ WA„
v E•W
ϕ ϕ π
+
= = ⇒ =
+


A

B
a
ϕ
∆ϕ
?
A
?
B
?
E
4
A
4
B
4
4


(-49am•ASi
WA„ US Ut cm
π π
+
bjgN‰NW^pUc`
FZ7"0"",)*
F(/-"9ABvEi•$BiGHI
/1cfƒ;



47
474
¡(Y|-
[+K9
F %*9(-. %*&"
FI•'9H101,&"p"0
p
F9+=1-/-"
K‡>8
$*+/-"$Z5/,=-
,)7 %*,
-VOU$U4%$!",Q$!4178/
/<T>N
7%8Q@U
:;<=>?
=D€4ˆˆamESin|`•U/
"0""H1[Œ$hFh
/•`Bi
#(;@

%&;&g•K‚<ˆƒ;
%&/ %&H &NK
o:D6\
$Z5/Ei•$Aƒ
oX&*78/1
-!/$"
oH6DG$!4d\
o  :  D  6      \  $Z
5/•ƒ$BA ,Ei
$Bi
oX&*78/1
-!/$"
o:D$!4d\
oDG6d\p4
1-$"T
oX1-8/!/$ %#1
oD1+
o6
oX1-!/$ %#1
oD1+
Câu 4 trang 17: D
Câu 5 trang 17: D
Câu 6 trang 17: C
Câu 6 trang 21: D
Câu 7 trang 21: B
Câu 4 trang 25: D
Câu 5 trang 25: B
%& ;&g>vUrQKv*M9ŠUN=%&
oH(8/Z
oDNy1

F(%"0$!>a
A
,a
B

F(%"0$!&#9am
lSinϕU
FX!/l"
Ž&"
oI%-
Bài tâp thêm: :
p"0p9
(%"0$!&
">f9
p1[,h0
r%&
oDNyD19
Frˆˆa
A
Frˆˆa
B
oDG68/Z
ohNy,/
F(%"0$!a
A
a
B
F(%"0!&0"a
F’".)*+lŽ
oDb"68/Z

o(-."0""1[
1
oDˆˆa
A
o
ˆˆ/a
B
oD$>,"
&"
o,-.1
o,1\

0$!a
A
,a
B
a
A
m
v
B
Sin
B
π
U/
a
B
m
v
Sin

i

π
U/
0$!&"9ama
A
n
a
B
amlSinϕU
X$89
B B
A B A B B A
lm l nl nBl l S F U
ϕ ϕ
mBv
/
W
A A B B
A A B B
l  l 
 AvA Wƒv S$U
l  l 
ϕ + ϕ
ϕ = = = π
ϕ + ϕ
(-49amBvSin
Wƒvπ
U


"0$!&"9
ama
A
na
B
mlSAWW|nϕU
a
A
 ˆ  ˆ 
A
OM
uuuur
9
·
A
A
A
E
ka W
OM A cm
OM

= =



=

uuuur
uuuur

a
B
 ˆ  ˆ 
B
OM
uuuur
9
·
B
B
B
E
ka S U
B
OM A cm
OM rad
π

= =


=


uuuur
uuuur
A
E AWWx c t
π
=

B
E SAWW U
B
x c t
π
π
= +
S/U
S/U
a
?
A
?
B
?
E
4
ϕ
l
B
l
A
l
FXd1[Q4$>
,"&"
oD,1,-.

Xd1[89
B B
A B

E BA A A cm= + =
E
rad
π
ϕ
=
(-4am
E B
SAWW|n
E
π
U
/CmQua tiết bài tập này chúng ta cần nắm được
Fr&"fv9,-.)*1[Œ$hFhp%&

/3¢3€
P(ah/7-",ah/$*0/N
F(/-"$-"
/1B£




N
ŽrœEH.¤£
.F)„|3DEFGCDE„…F

1. Kiến thức:
F-$8"0""p"5$/-(-P8"0""4ˆ6
,"0""=5/

Fr%p"0""=5/a=".> !X>Z0".
,>Z%
F-, !>Z0•Sα<AW
W
U
2. Về kĩ năng:
Fs=6Z+"%+5/
Fs=6[[@,=+"=5a !
>Z0,NŠdB£%E£
FX7+5/
F:8 '-",a•+5
'()
1. Giáo viên9:;/¤8/6SE→•8/U9
Fr#1\88/8$hiW
F…[[Q/\458•Q%WWA
2. Học sinh:
F…6$N=
FX$1@\•
F ¥$NR1•AS FBƒU
012345¥6
1. Kiểm tra sĩ số:
2. Kiểm tra bài cũ (kiểm tra sự chuẩn bị của học sinh).
3. Bài mới:
<ŠcUj=$*+ %&j=,
Hoạt động 1. Đặt vấn đề vào bài
FH,$@!/$->
Z0
F:846$1@/\•9
ne=ah/ !>/Z0".
,M7CC$l/α

%^
n: !>Z08".,0
/!5/^s/%"58
n:8 !Z08lžAW/
4 )^(!^

\%"N
FX1-8/75$1@\•
>H(
I1=".> !
>Z0,d7
!Š784&4%
  )&
nepZ4Z< %#1+a
0 a$0=70/X^
ns/a !X,N∆Xm
WWB p[[8 /\4^:% p
[[4±WBS[/>#,
..U
F:6@>
"
F(! ,N[[Q/\4
f&>..,>
#>@∆m∆XmWWB
nWBmWBB86›BW

%& †$%8<Trr
F_6a$!=N
=,M/P$d
N

FX$B•.Z8 
%^X$v^
F:6Z8%
+"^:Z^
FX1-8/75$1@\•>H(
(V@9I11R>
,N !>Z0
( 9I11R> Z
/,N !
(#9I11R>Z,N
 !
(b9Xd %#1$T$ %-
p¦.a$6$@
70/+5/
%&#$Vsj=>+%&N=%&*@KfTj=Qˆ%O
F_758/N%
+5/
n:=,NZ08
%$^
n:a8αdl^
X+α,4$85α$1•A 
FX1-8/75$1@
n…@>8α 
njα9αm
t
A
n…)@=5vW"
,N 
F:8/%h$!=N
FD€4a"/Z

=5^
HP9›BW
FXd %#1€4"-,
 !>Z0,N•^
F: !X>Z/f*•
8 )".,
4. Củng cố luyện tập:
FH(-ab@6
FDG6..=
5. Hướng dẫn học sinh tự học ở nhà:
F…6$N=%"h
FD4>4$1@+4%,@=h/yR 


1. Kiến thức:
Fr%p"0""=5/a=".> !X>Z0".
, />Z,Z%
F-, >Z0•Sα<AW
W
U,-,>
Z0
FXd=5/a)*, !>Z0
F¦.+$6$@70/+5/
2. Về kĩ năng:
Fs=6Z+"%+5/
Fs=6[[@,=+"=5a !
>Z0,NŠdB£%E£
Fr%=, %#1a•+5$T$ %-
F(<[XmxSU,X
B

mxSU
FX7=
'()
1. Giáo viên9:;/¤8/6SE→•8/U9
Fr#1\88/8$hiW
F…[[Q/\458•Q%WWA
2. Học sinh:
F…6$N=
FX$1@\•
FI¥$NR1•BS FBƒU
F:;§@Q4),<[
F:;$N1=h/y$GHI
012345¥6
1. Kiểm tra sĩ số:
2. Kiểm tra bài cũ (kiểm tra sự chuẩn bị của học sinh).
3. Bài mới:
<ŠcUj=$*+ %&j=,
Hoạt động 1. Khảo sát ảnh hưởng của khối lượng con lắc m đối với chu kì T
oH(46$1@\•9
F:=,NZ08%
$^
FG•.#1C%^
FX%%^G"/
Z^
oH(8/$R-..+5/
:TP9I4&#1C,y"1M4
>\4$h

oDG$1@\•,€
$

FeM4Z0
FX4&#1CSiWAWWAiWU
F:=5AW"
oDG%,1
•B$T$ %-9: !X/f
*•8 )"., 

Hoạt động 2. Khảo sát ảnh hưởng của chiều dài con lắc l đối với chu kì T
oH(•9
F:=Z08%
$^
F:8 !Z08žAW/
 )^X7^
oH(48/=hN
FD€4+!"0 !X
A
B
X
B
B
X
v
B
,Š
9
B
B B
v
A B
A B v

 
T
T T
l l l

FD€4,<[ˆ=".>X,>
Z0,$T$-ab
FD€4,<[ˆ=".>X
B
,>
Z0,$T$-ab
oDG$1@\•/,4

FX4&
FI)(! 8 87$
,N•Y,! !X 8
o:8/-5/,.98/
$R"\)),5
,$8/
X%,51•vGHI
F(<[XmxSUQ4X )Š5
,N
F(<[X
B
mxSUQ4X
B
Š5,N
F2T$ %-9: !X>Z
0".,>Z
Hoạt động 3. Xác định công thức về chu kì dao động của con lắc đơn

Xd[8X
B
m
B
m (N )&!
Q4$fX∼
g

FD€4a\4=*+X=,
,$6$@Sπ≈„‚ƒ≈U
F(!π
B
≈„‚ƒ⇒
B
A
„‚ƒ
π
=
⇒X
B
m m
B
g
π

FD5 70/XaQ"aŠfE
⇒Xm
B
l l
k l k

g g
g
π
π π
= =
Hoạt động 4. Ứng dụng tính gia tốc trọng trường tại nơi làm thí nghiệm
Fe=, %#1$€4+$>
7/
Xm
B
l
g
π
G4$mEπ
B
B
l
T
4. Củng cố luuyện tập
F-, >Z0•Sα<AW
W
U,-,>
Z0
FXd=5/a)*, !>Z0
F¦.+$6$@70/+5/
5. Hướng dẫn học sinh tự học ở nhà
F(%="
F…6$N•G80,=$40‘
47
474

VOHiO*i•;
 P#HiO*r<KMiO


F>80
F 5/#,N89868$48
 !N8"
F(%"0$!8
FC$>8 !4N8,'8
FX=/+5/,=$48$/\4
!"H1-"01,80
#VNK*$%&9:8 1'4ˆ64--*T, 6*
.6,=
'()
$*+:+5//)1,886,=$4>8
,J7,
-VOU$UN,/7/R,Q),56
/<TN
%&(5 phút)9:;<=>?
%&j=/ %&j=H &NK
F:;\•,e FX$1@h4
%& (35 phút)9T;:K*Zƒ;*MiO
%&j=/ %&j=H &NK
F?)1+5/,%+
5/!ƒA
FX$1@•\••:
A
^
F…80^
FI88$/CNk?

^G8$4dk%?h
"0^→G8^
F?)1+5/,%+
5/!ƒB:8-ab!)
#+5/,!,<^
F…86,/)
$@$4
FDG# %#1+5/
FD:\:
A
FX%"N
F… 5/8
/)$@$4
FDG# %#1+5/$1
@
F… 5/86
/)$@$4
HiO
AX+5/
?gG0/CN
$→?,yQ
G,d7/,/CN7k
$→?

Vậydk€$4#
NN?
B…
FG80=$4>
$//)$@
vG8

Fs80$8"0
S>Q/abU⊥
,N"0$48
EG86
Fs80$8"0
``SC$pU,N"0
$48
%&p(5 phút)jg*N‰NW
D7>H( D7>DG 
F:> %*$6\/
F_9DG/-",;

F:TPh“
Fs/-"M;

/1cfƒ;

(¦Hn/YH¤15XHn^U•`
/<T>N
%&(5 phút)9:;<=>?
%&j=/ %&j=H &NK
F_$1@•\AB•ƒ$EW FX$1@•h4
%& S10 phút)9T;:K*Mr<KMiO
%&j=/ %&j=H &NK
F?)+5/>=$4/
8!$\4!ƒv
FDG#!,<ƒv
Hr<KMiO
AG=$4>/8!
FG@mX8$4/

?
G
k

Tài liệu bạn tìm kiếm đã sẵn sàng tải về

Tải bản đầy đủ ngay
×