Ng Duc Thuan
182
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Cỏckhỏinimcbn
HH phiqunlýttccỏcthitbnhpxut, rach
th chocỏcthitb, kimsoỏtcỏcngtvli
HH phicungcpgiaotip ngin, tindnggia
cỏcthitbvhthng. Giaotipphi clpvi
thitb
LptrỡnhviờnnhỡncỏcthitbIO digúc phn
mm
Thitblogic: chỡakhúacavnclpthitb
Thitblogic ctchcthnh4 lp: kimsúatli,
iukhinthitb, phnmm HH clpthitb,
phnmmmcngisdng
Ng Duc Thuan
183
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Hthngqunlýnhpxut
Tchctheotnglp. Milpcúchcnngnht nh
Cỏclpgiaotipvinhautheos:
Xlýcauser: toliginhpxut, nhdngnhp
xut
Phnmm LTB: ttờn, bov, t chckhi, b
m nhv
iukhinthitb: thitlpthanhghiTB, kimtra
trngthỏi
Kimsoỏtngt: bỏochodriver khinhpxuthũantt
Phncng: thchinthaotỏcnhpxut
Ng Duc Thuan
184

Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Mụhỡnhtchcvqunlýnhpxut
Mụhỡnh
Thitbnhpxut
Thitblogic
Cỏcchcnng
Thitbnhpxut
Thitblogic
Ng Duc Thuan
185
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Mụhỡnhthitbnhpxut. CỏcloithitbIO:
Thitbkhi:
Thụngtin lutr trongcỏckhicú ach xỏc nh.
Kớchthckhicnh. Thụngthngt128-1024
byte
Dliutruyxuttheotngkhiriờngbit. VD: a
Thitbtunt:
Dliulutrờnchuicỏcbits tunt, khụngcú a
ch xỏc nh.
Khụngseek c(VD: mnhỡnh, bnphớm, mỏyin,
card mng, chut)
Cỏcthitbkhỏc, VD: b nh mnhỡnh, ngh
Ng Duc Thuan
186
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
iukhinthitb
ThitbIO cú2 phn: phnclbnthõnthitbv
phn intlmch(card) iukhinthitb
Mibphn iukhincúth gnkt/qunlýnhiuloi

thitbkhỏcnhau
Nhsnxutthitb(vbiukhin) phituõntheo
chungiaotip. VD: ANSI, IEEE, ISO
Giaotipgiathitbvbiukhinlgiaotipmc
thp
DMA (Direct Memory Access)
DMA: kờnhtruyndliutrctiptbnhnthitb
IO
ascỏcloithitb(cbitdngkhi) uhtr
DMA
Ng Duc Thuan
187
Chương 6: Quảnlýxuất/nhập
•Thiếtbịlogic. Kiểmsốtngắt
–Ngắtlàtìnhhuốngphứctạp, cần đượcchekhuấttrong
HĐH
–Ngắtchỉđượctạosaukhicáctiếntrìnhnhậpxuấthồn
tất
–KhóatiếntrìnhbằnglệnhWAIT hoặcRECEIVE thơng
điệp
•Device Drivers
–Tấtcảcác đoạnmã độclậpđềuchuyển đếndevice
driver
–Mỗidevice driver kiểmsốttừngloại/tậphợpthiếtbị
–Device driver phátchỉ thị vàkiểmtrathựchiệnchínhxác
Ng Duc Thuan
188
Phnmmnhpxut clpthitb
clpvmtthitb
clpvmththng

Phnmmnhpxut mcngisdng
Mtphncỏcphnmmnhpxutchacỏcth vin
liờnktvichngtrỡnhcangisdng
Ligihthngnhpxut ccỏchmth vinthc
hin
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Ng Duc Thuan
189
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Cỏcchcnngthitbnhpxut. iukhinthitb:
Chcnngcabiukhinlgiaotipvi HH (qua
bus)
Biukhinchuyn idóycỏcbit tunttrongmt
khicỏcbyte trongbuffer cabiukhin, hiuchnh
vchuyndliuvobnh chớnh
Mibiukhincúcỏcthanhghi liờnlcviCPU.
Cỏcthanhghiny cỏnhxthnhmtphncab
nh chớnhtiach xỏc nhcatngloithớờtb
HH thchinnhpxutbngcỏchghilnhlờnthanh
ghibiukhin. CPU ribiukhin thchin
cụngvickhỏc. Khithchinxong, biukhinto
ngtgiCPU nlyktqu trongthanhghi
Ng Duc Thuan
190
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Cỏcchcnngthitbnhpxut. DMA
DMA: truynhpbnh trctip, giỳpCPU khụng
lóngphớthigian
CPU gichobiukhincỏcthụngsnhach
trờn a(ngun), ach trongbnh (ớch), s lng

byte d liu
Saukhi ctũanbdliutthitbvobuffer,
kimtrachecksum hũantt, biukhinchuyn
byte utiờnvobnh chớnhtidach DMA. Thao
tỏc cthchin nkhichuynxongdliu
Ng Duc Thuan
191
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Thitblogic. Kimsoỏtngt
Khi1 ngtxyra, hmxlýngtkhitotintrỡnhxlý
ngt
Chcnngcangtllmchotintrỡnh angbkhúa
cthihnhtr li
Device Drivers
Chcnngcadevice driver lnhnyờucutphn
mmnhpxut clpthitblptrờnvgiỏmsỏtvic
thchincỏcyờucuny
Saukhi HH hũanttvickimtrali, driver s chuyn
d liuchophnmmclpthitb, tr thụngtin v
trngthỏichonigi, kimtrahng i thchintip
hay khúalich yờucutiptheo
Ng Duc Thuan
192
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Phnmmnhpxut clpthitb
Chcnngcbn: cungcpgiaotip ngnhtcho
phnmmphmvi ngisdng
Chcnng1: toỏnhxgiathớờtbvtờngihỡnhthc
Chcnng2: bovthitb(vd: quyntruynhpca
user)

Chcnng3: cungcpkhidliu clpthitb
Chcnng4: cungcpbuffer ngbhúahot ng
Chcnng5: nhvlutr trờnthitbkhi
Chcnng6: cpphỏt, giiphúngcỏcthitbchuyờn
dng
Chcnng7: thụngbỏolicholptrờntcỏclido
device driver bỏov
Ng Duc Thuan
193
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Phnmmnhpxutphmvi ngisdng
Th vinnhpxutchunchamtshmcúchc
nngnhpxut, chynh chngtrỡnhngidựng
Cỏchmth vinchuyncỏcthamsthớchhpcho
ligihthng
Chcnngcaspooling ltrỏnhtrnghpmttin
trỡnhtruyxutvchimgi thitbkhincỏctin
trỡnhkhỏckhụngtruyxut cthitbú
ngdngcaspooling: printing, sending/receiving
email
Ng Duc Thuan
194
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Ci ththngqunlýnhpxut
Ci ththngnhpxut a
Ci ththngnhpxutchun
Ci t ngh
Ng Duc Thuan
195
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp

Ci ththngnhpxut a
u imcaa: dung lng, chi phớ, botũanthụng
tin
Cutrỳcvtlý: cylinder, track, head, sector
Tcaph thucvocỏcthaotỏc:
Seek: dichuyn u c ntrack/cylinder (seek
time *)
Ch chokhicnthit ndi u c(latency
time *)
cdliutavobnh (transfer time)
HH cncúcỏcthuttoỏnlplchtruyxut a
Ng Duc Thuan
196
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Cỏcthuttoỏn c a
LplchFCFS
LplchSSTF
LplchSCAN
LplchC-SCAN
LplchLOOK
Ng Duc Thuan
197
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
LplchFCFS (First Come, First Served)
Phngphỏp ngin, d lptrỡnh
Khụngcungcpdchvtt
Vớdu c ang khi53, cn ccỏckhitheo
th t
98, 183, 37, 122, 14, 124, 65, 67
u cphilnlt iqua cỏckhi

53, 98, 183, 37, 122, 14, 124, 65, 67
Ng Duc Thuan
198
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
LplchSSTF (Shortest-Seek-Time-First)
Dichuyn u c ncỏckhicnthittheovtrớ
lnltgnvivtrớhinhnhcau cnht
Vớdu c ang khi53, cn ccỏckhitheo
th t
98, 183, 37, 122, 14, 124, 65, 67
u clnlt iqua cỏckhi
53, 65, 67, 37, 14, 98, 122, 124, 183
Thớchhpchohthngcntruyxutdliuliờntc
Ng Duc Thuan
199
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
LplchSCAN
u cdichuynv1 phớacaavtúdi
chuynqua phớakia.
Vớdu c ang khi53, cn ccỏckhitheo
th t
98, 183, 37, 122, 14, 124, 65, 67
u clnlt iqua cỏckhi
53, 37, 14, 0, 65, 67, 98, 122, 124 v183
Thớchhpchohthngtruyxutdliukhilng
ln
Ng Duc Thuan
200
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
LplchC-SCAN

TngtthuttúanSCAN, ch khỏckhidichuyn n
mt uno úcaa, núslptctr vubt
ucaa
Vớdu c ang khi53, cn ccỏckhitheoth
t
98, 183, 37, 122, 14, 124, 65, 67
u clnlt iqua cỏckhi
53, 65, 67, 98, 122, 124, 183, 0, 14, 37
Thớchhpchohthngtruyxutdliukhilngln
Ng Duc Thuan
201
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
LplchLOOK
GingC-SCAN nhngch chuyn nkhixanht
mihngch khụng ncui.
Vớdu c ang khi53, cn ccỏckhitheoth
t
98, 183, 37, 122, 14, 124, 65, 67
u clnlt iqua cỏckhi
53, 65, 67, 98, 122, 124, 183, 14, 37
Thớchhpchohthngtruyxutdliukhilngln
Ng Duc Thuan
202
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Qunlýli
Lilptrỡnh: tỡmkhụngthycylinder, sector, head,
ach buffer. X lýbngkimtrathams, thụngbỏo
li.
Lichecksum tmthi: gõyrabibitrờn u c
Lichecksum thngtrc: ahvtlýtrờncỏckhi

Litỡmkim: seek u csai ach
Liiukhin: biukhintchithihnhlnh
Ng Duc Thuan
203
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
RAM disk
RAM disk dựngmtphnbnh chớnh lutr cỏc
khidliu
RAM disk cchialmnhiukhitựytheodung lng
yờucucpphỏt. Mikhicúcựngkớchthcvikhi
trờn a
Khinhn cch thc/ghicỏckhi, driver tỡmtrong
b nh RAM disk v trớcakhi, thchin c/ghingay
trongvựngnh
RAM disk truyxutnhanhhnavtlý
HH philudliuvo acngtrckhingidựng
shutdown
Ng Duc Thuan
204
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Interleave
Khongcỏchgiacỏcsector dựng ngbchcnng
c/ghidliutrờn a.
Interleave cxỏc nhtrongquỏtrỡnhformat a
VD: acú17 sector/track, interleave=4, s sector nh sau:
1, 14, 10, 6, 2, 15, 11, 7, 3, 16, 12, 8, 4, 17, 13, 9, 5
Ln1: 1, 14, 10, 6, 2, 15, 11, 7, 3, 16, 12, 8, 4, 17, 13, 9, 5
Ln2: 1, 14, 10, 6, 2, 15, 11, 7, 3, 16, 12, 8, 4, 17, 13, 9, 5
Ln3: 1, 14, 10, 6, 2, 15, 11, 7, 3, 16, 12, 8, 4, 17, 13, 9, 5
Ln4: 1, 14, 10, 6, 2, 15, 11, 7, 3, 16, 12, 8, 4, 17, 13, 9, 5

Ng Duc Thuan
205
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Ci ththngnhpxutchun(terminal)
Terminal lhthngnhpxut(ch cúbnphớm,
mnhỡnhvbiuhpdliuvora)
Terminal chuyndliuMtmỏytớnhcúth liờnlc
vinhiu terminal
HH chiaterminal thnh2 loi: RS-232 vỏnhxb
nh
RS-232: hard-copy, glasstty, Intelligent, blit
nhxbnh: kýt, bit
Ng Duc Thuan
206
Chửụng 6: Quaỷnlyựxuaỏt/nhaọp
Cỏcterminal RS-232
Thitbgiaotiptunttheobit vibnphớm, mnhỡnh
Connector 25 pins: mass, receiver, sender, 22 reserved pins
Data package: start bit-data to be tranfered-end bit(s)
Tc chuyn:1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 bps (bit per second)
SdngbchuynUART gntrờncard giaotip
Hard-copy/glassttys: nhpkýttbnphớm, chuynchomỏy
tớnh, xutramỏyin/mnhỡnh
Terminal Intelligent: gikýtASCII ESC saunhngkýt
khỏcnhau dichuyncon tr trờnmnhỡnh
Blit: b x lýmnhvimnhỡnh phõngii1024x800