1
LTE Overview
LTE Overview
NEC Corporation
May 21
st
, 2008
K. Jay Miyahara
Corporate Chief Engineer
Mobile Network Operations Unit

Ｐage 2
1992
1992


Mobile Evolution
Technology
Services
User
Expectations
Operators
Strategy
2002
2002


2005
2005



2008
2008


2013
2013


GSM
UMTS HSDPA
HSUPA
MBMS
IP transp.
HSPA+
IMS
LTE
OFDM
access
4G
Voice and Text Download
Real time
delivery
Interactive
Information
Swapping
Anywhere
Anytime
Anyhow
Voice Centric,
Coverage

Multimedia Centric,
Capacity
User Centric,
FMS/FMC & NGN
(All IP)
Bundled Services
@ home, office,
Indoor Coverage
Voice SMS MMS
Video
Calls
Media
Clips
Mobile TV
Mobile
Triple Play/
Gaming
Personalised
Localised
Services
GPRS
Ｐage 3
User Expectations
• Low prices – value for money connectivity
• Higher quality (increased speed and availability –
Broadband everywhere)
• Simplicity and value added
• Flexibility (personalised and more flexible tariff plans)
• Multitude of services (new services)
• Ubiquity (anywhere, anytime)

• Technology Agnostic (use any device, use one device)
Browsing
Voice
SMS
MMS
Gaming
Email
Photos
Music Download
Mobile TV
Blogging
Financial
Services
Positioning
Video
Conferencing
High speed
access
Location Services
Video Download
Ｐage 4
Data rate
Data rate
and latency
and latency
Architecture
Architecture
Mobility
Mobility
Cost of ownership

Cost of ownership
Higher data rate and reduced latency for multimedia rich
applications (competitiveness of overall customer proposition with
rival technologies)
Architecture simplicity and reduced protocol complexity
Seamless handover ensuring service continuity with legacy systems
Reduced migration, capital and operational costs (CAPEX/OPEX),
Investment protection by reusing existing assets
Spectrum
Spectrum
Greater efficiency and flexibility
Mobile Operators Expectations
Mobile Operators Expectations
Ｐage 5
Data Volume is Increasing
Source: iDATE
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26

UK FRA GER ITA JPN ESP NED SWE IRL
2001
2005
%
M obile Data Revenue as % of Total Revenue
Forecast Growth in Service Traffic for a Typical Mobile
User in a Developed Market
Source: Analysys
Mobile Operators will have to invest in NW expansion to handle the increase in traffic
Ｐage 6
World Forecast per Service Category
Total World Usage Forecast - Voice and Data Services
-
200 000
400 000
600 000
800 000
1 000 000
1 200 000
1 400 000
1 600 000
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Terabytes per Year
Machine to Machine
Corporate Services
M-Commerce and Finance
Multimedia Communication
Rich Multimedia information and entertainment
Multimedia Messaging
Simple Information and Entertainment
Simple Messaging and Community Services
Voice Communication
Source: Report ITU-R M.2072 “World mobile telecommunication market forecast”
Ｐage 7
Need for Network Evolution
Need for Network Evolution
Flexibility and scalability in deployment
 Operating in various frequencies and bandwidths
 Operators can start with smaller deployment and increase bandwidth as demand increase
 Supports resource aggregation of radio band resources
Simplified protocol stack & all IP network
 Reduced latency
 Easier network management

 CAPEX and OPEX savings
Highly efficient radio technology
 Increased spectrum efficiency for larger carriers and therefore increase
capacity
 Lower cost per bit and lower prices for the end user
Faster, Simpler, More Efficient, Cheaper
Ｐage 8
Future Services Empowered by LTE
Same Services. Different Experience
• Rich Voice
• Video Telephony
• SMS/MMS
• Mobile TV
• Video on Demand
• Music
• Communities/Blogging
• Gaming
• Photo/Video Sharing
• High Speed Access
• Email
• Mobile Conferencing
• Banking
• Mobile Payment
• Mobile Advertising
Both technologies can support the same services.
Main difference is service latency and throughput for the user!
Ｐage 9
Experience Comparison
3G LTE
Person-to-Person

Communications
Content
Delivery
Social
Networking
Business
Services
M-Commerce
Real time audio, poor video
quality
Streamed and
downloadable content
Downloadable online games,
online access of information
Access to limited online
information and basic web sites
Payment transactions and
facilities over mobile
VoIP, rich quality video
conferencing
Broadcast TV, true on
demand high quality video
Real time gaming experience,
sharing of rich content
Fixed-like access experience,
mobile intranet/extranet
Mobile is a secure payment
device
Both technologies can provide high speed rich multimedia services
Ｐage 10

Comparison b/w HSPA+ and LTE
-System Architecture-
One RAN node: eNB
PHY
MAC/RLC
RRC function
Scheduling
Handover
Radio Admission
Control
Radio Bearers
Control
eNodeB
logical node
NAS Security
PDCP
MME
logical node
SAE Gateway
logical node
Mobility Anchoring
Inter Cell RRM
Idle State Mobility
SAE Bearer Control
GGSNSGSN
IP
RNC
eNB
NB
eNB

UTRAN
<HSPA+>
EUTRAN (LTE)
Core Network
Evolved Packet Core (SAE)
NB
RNC
IP
transport
Operator’s IP
service network
Serving
Gateway
MME
X2
S1-MME
S1-MME
S1-U
S1-U
Iub
Iub
Iur
Iu
Iu
ATM/IP
transport
Ｐage 11
HSPA+ LTE
Comparison b/w HSPA+ and LTE
-System Specification-

Spectrum
Radio Access
RAN Latency
Carrier Bandwidth
Data rate
Services
3G spectrum (2GHz and additional bands)
DS-WCDMA
Downlink: OFDMA
Uplink: SC-FDMA
<50 ms
<10 ms
5MHz 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20MHz
57.6Mbps (uplink, 1x2)
172.8Mbps (downlink, 2x2)
57.6 Mbps (uplink, 1x2)
326.4Mbps (downlink, 4x4)
Packet Switched
11.52 Mbps (uplink)
42 Mbps (downlink, 2x2)
Packet Switched
Ｐage 12
Comparison of other technologies
4.9 Mbps x N
14.7 Mbps@N=3
3.1 Mbps21.6 Mbps
43.2 Mbps
(2x2 MIMO)
14.4 MbpsPeak Rate (DL)
～8PSK～8PSK～16 QAM～BPSKModulation (UL)

～16QAM
1.8 Mbps
1.25 MHz
EV-DO Rev. A
～16 QAM
5.7 Mbps
5 MHz
HSPA (FDD)
～64QAM～64QAMModulation (DL)
1.8 Mbps x N
5.4 Mbps@N=3
11.4 MbpsPeak Rate (UL)
1.25 MHz x N5 MHzChannel Width
EV-DO Rev. BHSPA+ (FDD)
Ｐage 13
HSPA+ LTE
Comparison b/w HSPA+ and LTE
-Technical details-
NW Structure
Transport
MIMO Support
Modulation
All IP
Yes (up to 2x2 in downlink
No MIMO in uplink)
Yes (up to 4x4 in downlink
And 2x2 in uplink)
QPSK+16QAM+64QAM
eNB  EPC
HSPA+ NB  RNC  CN-PS

Mixed ATM &IP, possible all IP
QPSK+16QAM for E-DCH
Extra 64QAM for HS-DSCH
Support MBMS
Yes (limited capacity via FACH)
Yes (enhanced capacity via DL-MCH)
Ｐage 14
Scope of 3GPP Technology Specifications Group
CS
Domain
CS
Domain
LMSC
Node-B
RNC
UTRAN
GMSC
PSTN
Internet
PS
Domain
PS
Domain
SGSN
GGSN
UE
CN
TSG-RAN
Radio Access Networks
TSG-CT

Core Network & Terminals
TSG-SA
Service & System Aspects
Ｐage 15
3GPP Rel8-LTE Standardization
RAN1
2007 2008 2009
Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec Mar
Coding
Phy ch, Modulation
Procedure
Measurement
UE Idle mode
UE capability
MAC
PDCP
Layer 1
Sig. transport
Protocol
Data transport
UE Tx/Rx
RRM
F
F
F
F
RLC
F
F
F

F
F
A
A
A
A/F
A
A
A
A
A
A
A/F
A
RAN2
RAN3
RAN4
F
RRC
F
Jun
eNB Tx/Rx
F
F
A/F
Common env.
Signaling
RAN5
RF
A

A
F
Protocol&Tabular ASN.1
F
Protocol&Tabular ASN.1
A
eNB Test
A/F
F
A: Approval
F: Functionally
Freezing
出典：3GPP RP-071019
Ｐage 16
Migration Scenario
HSPA+(RAN)
3G (CN)
HSPA+(RAN)
3G (CN)
HSPA+(RAN)
Pre-SAE (CN)
HSPA+(RAN)
Pre-SAE (CN)
+
Ｐage 17
How Japanese market moves towards LTE?
DoCoMo
selected LTE (2.1GHz, Band1, currently used for 3G)
NEC plans to deliver commercial product without DoCoMo
specific application at e/2008.

SBM
planning to introduce LTE on 1.5GHz
(Band11, currently used for PDC).
KDDI
under investigation between LTE or UMB
(Ultra Mobile Broadband)
Ｐage 18
Conclusion
• End-user needs already exists/beginning to see
the onset.
• Operators needs exists
• Industry activities such as LSTI, NGMN are
already in place to assure inter-operability and
alignment of technology/standards/market
requirements/spectrum
• Many operators are planning to deploy LTE
starting 2010