



TËp 1
Chñ biªn
Kenichi Ohno
diÔn ®µn ph¸t triÓn viÖt nam (VDF)
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com




TËp 1
Chñ biªn
Kenichi Ohno
diÔn ®µn ph¸t triÓn viÖt nam (VDF)
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
Ê !"#$%! &'!()*+!, /!01 !234!56!#7!/8*!+9:!;#)< =!/8> #! !"#$%&'(%&)*%#+#$%&,-%./
01 +9:!?@!A4BC!DE+F!GH !#CBF!I#J!/#:CF!K#C:!#L+!2&!;M =! =#N!O#P/!?1 !QRSTIUV
ã !"#$%&#$'()*$*+!,#$-!.*$/01$2- 345$6778
T /!01 !/W4!G4N/!O:%
?1 !X-'Y !/#-@+!2Y!Z4[ !(& !\#B/!/84J !G4N/!O:%V!;.%!4 F!/B4!01 !2&!D]+#!5: =
+B+! =M ! =^!_#B+!%@/!"#` !#:'!/C& !0@!. !"#$%! &'!D)34!0./!_a!#> #!/#b+
&CF!0:C!=c%!+1!24N+!"#C/C+C"'!#:'!(H =!/14!/8d !/8: =!(4N !/eF! f-!_#M =!()*+
56!+#."!/#-P !0g =!2H !01 !+9:!Z4[ !(& !\#B/!/84J !G4N/!O:%V
9:0$;(<$=!>#$(.?
Z4[ !(& !\#B/!/84J !G4N/!O:%!QGZhU
\#i =!jklF!IC&! #&!m&%!24N+!/8- =!/n%!Rom4:
jj?!pq!I#)r =!K4N/F!s&!O@4

t4N !/#CW4u!QkjU!vwxyxww!z!h:,u!QkjU!vwxyxwj
S%:4mu!#ommC2D{|2D{VC8=V2
I8: =!(4N !/eu!#//"uzz}}}V2D{VC8=V2
GH !"#i =!GZh!/W4!IC_'C!QGZh~IC_'CU
O:/4C :m!A8:D-:/o!• 5/4/-/o!{C8!\Cm4+'!S/-D4o5!QAR•\SU
7~yy~l!RC""C =4F!R4 :/C~_-F!IC_'C!lkx~8x77F!J:":
\#C ou!8l~w~xjwv~xkkk!z!h:,u!8l~w~xjwv~xklk
S%:4mu!2 =84"5 o/|=84"5V:+Vj"
Wo054/ou!#//"uzz}}}V=84"5V:+Vj"z24o/ :%zGZhIC_'Cz4 Do,V#/%m
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
;-è !5B+#! &'!()*+!D]+#!/õ! =-'d !01 !/4f =!A #V!;#)< =!l!DC!+B+!/#& #
24d !+9:!Z4[ !(& !\#B/!/84J !G4N/!O:%!QGZhU!D]+#V!\#` !+i !mW4!DC!O=-'[
I#]!T-n !I#-q!D]+#V!;B+!/B+!=41!/8n !/8L =!+1%!< !=4BC!5)!ZC :!A%C8C5C!2&
0&!\:/84+4:!Zo+_o8!/#-@+!I8- =!/n%!I4f =!A #!+#-'d ! =& #!+9:!AR•\S!(·
D& #! #4Y-!/#r4!=4: !2&!+M =!5b+!04d !/P"!01 !/4f =!A #!+9:!+-è !5B+#! &'V
T4 !+#n !/#& #!+1%!< !+B+!/8*!mq! =#4d !+b-!+9:!Z4[ !(& !\#B/!/84J !AR•\S
QAZhU!2&!GZh!(·!#7!/8*!_#M =!%N/!%á4!/8C =!X-B!/8> #!+#-$ !0]!01 !/#1C!2&
/#6+!#4N !+B+!+M =!24N+!#& #!+#Ý #!m4d !X-: F!=4ó"!24N+!, /!01 !+-è !5B+#
()*+!/#-P !m*4V
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
@!A!$*(!.B$C&$DE1$*F*$#G!$HB#I VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV4
Z4[ !(& !\#B/!/84J !G4N/!O:%!
J(KL#I$M?$JN#I$#I(!.O$(P$*+Q$-!.*$/01$HKA!$IE;$#(R#$;S0$
;);$#(&$TU#$VBW*$/(X*$YU#$VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVl
Z4[ !(& !\#B/!/84J !G4N/!O:%
J(KL#I$6?$JN#I$#I(!.O$(P$*+Q?$DZ#I$[B0#$C\$]()!$#!.1$C&$
T^$O()*$*+!,#$VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVyv
O=-'[ !I#]!T-n !I#ó'
J(KL#I$_?$'(`#$*a;($%:#($=KQ#I$;L$;WB$1B0$(&#I$;S0$;N#I$#I(!.O$

(P$*+Q$b$cdec/$f5$g&#$hBi;$C&$/(X*$YU#$VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV 5w
IC5#4'-_4!?:0:
J(KL#I$f?$D(!j*$]j$C&$[BU#$=k$;L$Tb$Hl$=!.B$C\$;N#I$#I(!.O$(P$*+Q$VVVVVVVx5
J- 4+#4!RC84
mn;$=n;
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
4
G4N/!O:%!m&!%@/!/8C =! #^ =!X-ố+!=4:!(: =!"#B/!/84J !. !/)* =! #./!/#f!=434V
I8C =!/#P"!_ỷ!2ừ:!X-:F!/ố+!(@!/H =!/8)ở =!_4 #!/f!/8- =!0> #!(W/!8%F!/8C =!(ó
_#-!26+!+M =! =#4N"! =&'!+& =!(ó =!2:4!/8i!X-: !/8L =!+1!2Y!=4B!/8]!(ó =!=ó"
2&!_#1! H =!/WC!24N+!m&%!+#C! Y !_4 #!/fV!S6!/#:'!(ổ4! #: #!+#ó =!+9:!+<!+
_4 #!/f!+ũ =!/#-!#ú/!()*+! =&'!+& =! #4Y-!(`-!/)!/86+!/4f"! )3+! =C&4F!(ặ+!04N/
2&C!mĩ #!26+!51 !, /!+M =! =#4N"F!2&!X-B!/8> #! &'!mW4!/4f"!/E+!/#ú+!($'!/H =
/8)ở =!_4 #!/f!234!/ố+!(@!+:C!#< V!?d !+W #!(óF!/8C =!0ố4!+1 #!/C& !+`-!#ó:!234
56!+W #!/8: #! =&'!+& =!=:'!=ắ/F!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!/8C =! )3+!2&! )3+! =C&4!ở
G4N/!O:%!+ũ =!+` !"#14! n =!+:C!_#1! H =!+W #!/8: #!+9:!%> #!/#M =!X-:!+B+
m4d !_f/!_4 #!DC: #V!I8)3+!(i4!#ỏ4! &'F!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*! =&'!+& =!/8ở! d
X-: !/8L =!/8C =!+#4f !m)*+!_4 #!DC: #!+9:!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"! )3+! =C&4!/W4
G4N/!O:%F!(ặ+!04N/!m&!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!mắ"!8B"V!;#í #! #-!+`-!/>%!_4f%! #&
+- =!+."!/8C =! )3+!+9:!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"! )3+! =C&4!+#C!/#.'!+` !+ó! #^ =
+#í #!5B+#!+M =! =#4N"!/C& !D4N !(J!"#B/!/84J !+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*V
I-'! #4d F!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!ở!G4N/!O:%!#4N ! :'!%34!(: =!/8C =!=4:4!(CW
(`-!"#B/!/84J V!I#6+!/8W =! &'!(ã!#W !+#f!+<!#@4!_4 #!DC: #!+9:!+B+!DC: #
=#4N"!+ó!2ố !(`-!/)! )3+! =C&4F!(ặ+!04N/!m&!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!mắ"!8B"F!0ở4!5ẽ
8./!/ố !/#r4!=4: !2&!/4Y !0W+!(J!#L!/>%!()*+!%@/! #&!+- =!+."! @4!(]:!+ó!+#./
m)* =V!I8C =!0ố4!+1 #!(óF!24N+!/4f !#& #! =#4d !+b-!2&!(Y!, /!+B+!+#í #!5B+#
"#B/!/84J !+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!m&!%@/! #4N%!2E!+` !/#4f/!2&!+."!0B+#V!;-ố !5B+#
&'!()*+!, /!01 ! #g%!(B"!b =!%@/!"#` ! #4N%!2E!(óV!;-ố !5B+#!0:C!=c%
0ố !0&4!24f/!234!+B+! @4!D- =!"#n !/í+#!(:!DW =!2Y!/#6+!/8W =!"#B/!/84J !+9:

+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!ở!G4N/!O:%!+ũ =! #)!_4 #! =#4N%!X-ố+!/f!/8C =!24N+!"#B/
/84J ! =& #!+M =! =#4N"! &'V!;B+!0&4!24f/!/8C =!+-ố !5B+#! &'!(ã!()*+!/8> #
0&'F!/8:C!(ổ4!2&! #P !()*+! #4Y-!=ó"!q!/ừ!+B+!#@4!/#1C!2&!#@4! =#]!ở!G4N/!O:%
2&! )3+! =C&4V!;#ú =!/M4!#'!2L =!8g =! @4!D- =!+B+!0&4!24f/!5ẽ!+- =!+."! #4Y-
/#M =!/4 !#^-!í+#!_#M =!+#ỉ!+#C! #^ =! =)r4!(: =! =#4d !+b-!#Cặ+!#CW+#!(] #
+#í #!5B+#!2Y!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!ở!G4N/!O:%F!%&!+i !+#C!/./!+1! #^ =!:4!X-:
/n%!(f !#4N !/8W =!2&!/84J !2L =!"#B/!/84J !+9:! =& #!+M =! =#4N"! &'V!Z)34
(n'!m&! @4!D- =!/ó%!/ắ/!+9:!/ừ =!0&4!24f/V
?&4!24f/!/#b! #./F!DC! #ó%! =#4d !+b-!+9:!Z4[ !(& !\#B/!/84J !G4N/!O:%!QGZhU
/#6+!#4N F!"#n !/í+#!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!G4N/!O:%!/#oC!+B+#! #> ! #P !+9:!+B+
@!A!$*(!.B$C&$DE1$*F*$#G!$HB#I
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
#&!51 !, /!O#P/!?1 F!2&!/ừ!(ó!(Y!, /!+B+!(] #!#)3 =!+#í #!5B+#!(J!"#B/!/84J
=& #! &'V!\#n !/í+#!+9:!0&4!24f/!D6:!2&C!_f/!X-1!+9:!+B+!+#-'f !(4!/#H%!DC: #
=#4N"!51 !, /!O#P/!?1 !DC!?@!;M =! =#4N"!G4N/!O:%!/#6+!#4N !/ừ!+-ố4!/#B =
y!(f !(`-!/#B =!j! H%!ykkx!234!56!#7!/8*!+9:!GZhV!Iổ =!+@ =!+ó!w8!DC: #
=#4N"!()*+!"#ỏ =!2. F!/8C =!(ó!+ó!l5!DC: #! =#4N"!51 !, /!#& =!(4N !2&!(4N
/eF!lj!DC: #! =#4N"!51 !, /!,o!%B'F!2&!v!DC: #! =#4N"!51 !, /!M!/MV!Số!m4N-!2Y
%b+!(@!%-:!5ắ%!/8C =! )3+!+9:!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"! &'!+#C!/#.'!+M =! =#4N"!#7
/8*!+9:!G4N/!O:%!2ẫ !+i !_é%!"#B/!/84J !5C!234!+B+! =& #! &'!+9:!+B+! )3+!/8C =
_#-!26+! #)!R:m:'54:!2&!I#B4!p: V!Rặ+!Dù!/ỷ!mN!%-:!5ắ%! @4!(]:!(ã!/H =!md
/8C =!/#r4!=4: !X-:F! #) =!/ỷ!mN! &'!8./!_#B+! #:-!_#4!,é/!/#oC!mĩ #!26+!51 !, /V!
I8)3+!_#4!"#n !/í+#!+E!/#J!+B+!04N !"#B"!/#ú+!($'!"#B/!/84J !+9:!+M =! =#4N"
#7!/8*!ở!G4N/!O:%F!0&4!24f/!+#C!8g =!_#1! H =!+W #!/8: #!2&!X-'!%M!/#]!/8)r =
m&!#:4!'f-!/ố!X-'f/!(] #!56!"#B/!/84J !+9:! =& #! &'V!tố4!234!_#1! H =!+W #
/8: #F!0&4!24f/!+#C!/#.'!0:! #n !/ốF!0:C!=c%!2,3&%456#$7%2,*%8,9%:)%$*;<%,)#$
QQ;ZUF!(ó =!2:4!/8i!#f/!5b+!X-: !/8L =!/8C =!#CW/!(@ =!_4 #!DC: #!+9:!+B+! #&
51 !, /!O#P/!?1 V!s`-!#f/!+B+! =& #!()*+!"#ỏ =!2. !+ó!+#4!"#í!%-:!5ắ%
+#4f%!/ừ!7k~vk%!/8C =!_#4!+#4!"#í! #n !+M =!+#ỉ!_#C1 =!lk%! d !+B+! #&!51
, /!O#P/!?1 !(Y-! 7!m6+!=41%!+#4!"#í!%-:!5ắ%F!(ặ+!04N/!m&!%-:!5ắ%!m4 #!_4N F

#g%!/H =!_#1! H =!+W #!/8: #!2Y!+#4!"#íV!R-ố !2P'!/#>!#`-!#f/!m4 #!_4N !%&
#L!+` !"#14!%-:!()*+!ở!G4N/!O:%!0ở4!24N+! #P"!_#$-!/ừ! )3+!_#B+!5ẽ!"#B/!54 #
+B+!+#4!"#í!m4d !X-: !(f !2P !/14F!m)-!_#C!2&!2P !+#-'J V!s< ! ^:F!+B+! #&!mắ"
8B"!O#P/!?1 !+ũ =!%-ố !+ó!+B+!(ố4!/B+!+- =!+."!m4 #!_4N !ở! =:'!=` !%> #!(J
()*+!=4:C!#& =!m4d !/E+F!(ú =!#ẹ ! #g%!=41%!03/!m)* =!#& =!m)-!_#C!2&!/#r4
=4: !51 !, /V!tJ!/#6+!#4N !()*+!24N+! &'F!+B+! #&!+- =!+."!m4 #!_4N !+9:!G4N/
O:%!/8)3+!#f/!+` !+14!/#4N !2,3&%456#$%:)%$*;<%,)#$V!
tố4!234!X-'!%M!/#]!/8)r =F!0&4!24f/!+#C!8g =!m)* =!+`-!m3 !m&! #n !/ố!X-'f/
(] #!(ố4!234!56!/c !/W4!2&!"#B/!/84J !+9:!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!0ở4!+B+! =& #! &'
"#14!+ó!%@/!m)* =!(< !(ặ/!#& =!(9!m3 !/#>!%34!+ó!/#J!/#:%!=4:!/#]!/8)r =F!2&
0ở4!+B+! =& #! &'!/#)r =!#CW/!(@ =!234!+M =! =#N!5e!DE =! #4Y-!2ố !#<
+B+! #&!mắ"!8B"V!Q-: !/8L =!#< F!%@/!5ố! =& #!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*F!2í!DE! #)
(ú+!2&!DP"F!+` ! #4Y-!mCW4!%B'!%ó+!(ắ/!/4Y ắ+B+!/#4f/!0]!51 !, /!_#M =!/#J
+#4:! #ỏ!/#& #! #4Y-!"#` !2&!2>!/#f!#L!+` !"#14! 7!m6+!=41%!+#4!"#í!2ố !(<
2]!0g =!+B+#!/H =!51 !m)* =V!S6!=4:!/H =! &'!+#ỉ!+ó!/#J!()*+!(1%!01C!0g =
%@/!m)* =!+`-!m3 V
R@/!_#4!G4N/!O:%!(1%!01C!()*+!#:4!'f-!/ố! d-!/8d !/#>!2ẫ !+i !0ố ! #n !/ố
X-: !/8L =!_#B+!+` !()*+!/#ú+!($'!(J!+ó!/#J!"#B/!/84J !/C& !D4N !+M =! =#4N"
44
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
#7!/8*F!(ó!m&u! =-c ! #n !m6+!+M =! =#4N"!+ó!+#./!m)* =!+:C;!+#í #!5B+#!/#-f
2&!/#-f!X-: !#."!Dẫ ;!%M4!/8)r =!+#í #!5B+#!ổ !(] #;!2&!/#-!#ẹ"!_#C1 =!+B+#
2Y! #P !/#b+!2&!/#M =!/4 !=4^:!+B+! #&!51 !, /! )3+! =C&4!2&!+B+! #&!+- =
+."!G4N/!O:%V!O#4Y-! #&!51 !, /!O#P/!?1 !+#C!8g =! =-c ! #n !m6+!+M =
=#4N"!+ó!+#./!m)* =!+i !X-: !/8L =!#< !%B'!%ó+!#4N !(W4!0ở4!%B'!%ó+!+ũ
()*+!2P !#& #!0ở4!/#*!/:'! =#Y!+:C!#4N-!X-1!#< !%B'!%ó+!#4N !(W4!()*+!2P
#& #!0ở4!/#*!/:'! =#Y!/#."V!tJ!+14!/#4N !+#./!m)* =! =-c ! #n !m6+!+#C!"#B/
/84J !+M =! =#4N"F!0&4!24f/!(Y!, /!%@/!mCW/!+#í #!5B+#! #g%!+14!/#4N !+#./
m)* =!+B+!+#)< =!/8> #!(&C!/WC!#4N ! :'!+ũ =! #)!24N+!/#6+!#4N !+B+!+#)< =
/8> #!(&C!/WC!%34!+ó!56!/#:%!=4:!+9:!+1! #&! )3+!2&!/)! #n V

?d !+W #! #^ =!2. !(Y!+ố/!'f-!/8d F!0&4!24f/!+ũ =!0& !2Y!#:4! #n !/ố!_#B+!+ũ =!+ó
/B+!(@ =!(f !56!"#B/!/84J !+9:!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!ở!G4N/!O:%F!(ó!m&!+B+!/4d-!+#-$
+M =! =#4N"!2&!/4d-!+#-$ !: !/C& V!tn'!m&! #^ =!2. !(Y!X-: !/8L =!=4ú"!+M =
=#4N"!#7!/8*!(B"!b =!()*+!+B+!+#-$ !%6+!X-ố+!/f!2&!(1%!01C!#CW/!(@ =!#4N-!X-1V
I8C =!0&4!24f/!/#b!#:4F!O=-'[ !I#]!T-n !I#ú'!/8> #!0&'!2Y!+B+!_#B4! 4N%!2&!56
"#B/!/84J !+9:!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!ở!G4N/!O:%!2&!/8d !/#f!=434V!G34!X-: !(4J%
+#C!8g =!%@/!(] #! =#ĩ:!+E!/#J!2Y!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*F!"#ù!#*"!234!(4Y-!_4N
_4 #!/f!~!,ã!#@4!2&!+B+!%E+!/4d-!"#B/!/84J !+M =! =#4N"! ó4!+#- =!5ẽ!=4ú"!+#C
24N+!#CW+#!(] #!+#4f !m)*+!"#B/!/84J ! =& #! &'!()*+!D[!D& =F!/B+!=41!/P"!/8- =
"#n !/í+#!+B+!_#B4! 4N%!2Y!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!2&!(Y!, /!%@/!(] #! =#ĩ:!2Y
=& #!+M =! =#4N"! &'!+#C!G4N/!O:%V
I#oC!/B+!=41F!%ặ+!Dù!/#-P/! =^!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!()*+!5e!DE =!_#B!8@ =!8ã4F
#) =!(] #! =#ĩ:!2Y! =& #! &'!2ẫ !+i !=n'!/8: #!+ã4!2&!+#):!()*+!/#ố =! #./V
R74! )3+!5e!DE =!/#-P/! =^! &'!234! #^ =!%E+!(í+#!_#B+! #:-!/ù'!/#-@+!2&C
(4Y-!_4N !_4 #!/f!2&!%E+!/4d-!+#í #!5B+#V!Gí!DEF!I#B4!p: !(] #! =#ĩ:!+M =
=#4N"!#7!/8*!=c%!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!51 !, /!m4 #!"#E!_4N !()*+!5e!DE =!+#C
X-B!/8> #!mắ"!8B"!/#& #!"#$%!/8C =!+B+! =& #!M!/MF!+#f!/WC!%B'F!2&!(4N ~(4N !/eF
/8C =!_#4!?@!OH =!m)* =!sC:!Ka!(] #! =#ĩ:!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!m&! #^ =! =& #
+- =!+."! =-'d !m4N-!2&!+B+!X-'!/8> #!51 !, /!+` !/#4f/!(J!51 !, /!8:!+B+!51
"#$%!+-ố4!+ù =V!?d !+W #!(óF!/#-P/! =^! &'!+ũ =!()*+!/#:'!(ổ4!+#C!"#ù!#*"
234!(4Y-!_4N !_4 #!/f!2&!(] #!#)3 =!+#í #!5B+#!+9:!%74! )3+V!Gí!DEF!/8C =!=>2,
&!?#$%:@%,68%&>2%.*#,%&-1ABC +9:!?@!;M =! =#4N"!2&!I#)< =!%W4!O#P/!?1
QRIF! :'!(ã!(ổ4!/d !/#& #!?@!K4 #!/fF!I#)< =!%W4!2&!;M =! =#4N"RSIUF
/#-P/! =^!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!()*+!5e!DE =!(J! ó4!(f !+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!2ừ:
2&! #ỏ!QSRSU!+ó!(ó =!=ó"!+#C!24N+!/H =!+)r =!+ !/8ú+!+M =! =#4N"!ở!+B+! )3+
;#n-! á /8C =!/8- =!#W !2&!D&4!#W F!#Cặ+!+B+! SRS!51 !, /!m4 #!"#E!_4N V!
444
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
I-'! #4d F!/8C =!D,*-#%4562%8,>&%&!*E#%2F#$%#$,*G8%D,'"%¸ (H* #g%!/#ó+!($'
#*"!/B+!+M =! =#4N"!=4^:!O#P/!?1 !2&!0è ! )3+!/#-@+!s4N"!#@4!+B+! )3+!tM =

O:%!¸ Q=L4!m&!ASSAO!jF!0:C!=c%!• DC o54:F!R:m:'54:F!\#4m4""4 F!2&!I#B4!p: UF
R•I•!(] #! =#Ü:!“+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*”!m&!+B+! =& #!+- =!+."! #^ =!(`-!2&C!+`
/#4f/!Q2Ý!DE! =-'d !2P/!m4N-F!m4 #!_4N !2&!+B+!#& =!#ã:!2è U!+#C!+B+! =& #!m¾"!8B"V!
?d !+W #! #^ =!(] #! =#Ü:!+E!/#J!/8d F!0&4!24f/!+ò =!(Y!+P"!(f ! #4Y-!_#B4
4N%!_#B+!+ã!m4d !X-: ! #g%!+#Ø!8:!+B+!=4:4!(CW !"#B/!/84J !+9:!+M =! =#4N"
#7!/8*V!I8C =!5è!+B+!(] #! =#Ü:!(ã!+ã!/#`-!"#EF!+M =! =#4N"!"#E!/#-@+F!+M =
=#4N"!m4 #!"#E!_4N !2&! =)r4!+- =!+."V
tY!+P"!(f !G4N/!O:%¾ <4!%&!/#-P/! =^!“+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*”!%34!+#Ø!()*+!5e
DE =!/õ! H%!ykkw¾/B+!=41!+#C!8g =F! f-!_#M =!+ã!%@/!(] #! =#Ü:!+E!/#JF!8â
8& =!/#>!G4N/!O:%!8./!_#ã!#CW+#!(] #!()*+!+B+!+#4f !m)*+!2&!+#Ý #!5B+#!+M =
=#4N"!/C& !D4N ! #g%!#-'!(@ =!+B+! =-c !m6+!+` !/#4f/!+#C!"#B/!/84J !+M =
=#4N"!#7!/8*V!Z6:!2&C!(4Y-!_4N !_4 #!/f!#4N ! :'F!/B+!=41!(Y!, /!%@/!(] #
=#Ü:!2Y! =& #!+M =! =#4N"! &'!+#C!G4N/!O:%V!?&4!24f/!+ò =!():!8:!%@/!5è
_4 #! =#4N%!+#Ý #!5B+#!%&!G4N/!O:%!+ã!/#J!#L+!#á4!/õ!X-B!/8> #!"#B/!/84J
+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!+9:!+B+! )3+!_#B+F!234! #^ =!(ã =!=ã"!X-: !/8L =!+9:!+B+
+#Ý #!5B+#!2Y! @4!(]:!#ã:F!/#ó+!($'!(`-!/)! )3+! =C&4!2&C!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*F
/#ó+!($'!m4d !_f/!+M =! =#4N"!2&!/#:%!=4:!2&C!+#-74!51 !, /!/C& !+`-V
I8C =!0&4!24f/!/#b!0:F!IC5#4'-_4!?:0:!5e!DE =!(] #! =#Ü:!“+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*
m&!%@/! #ã%!+B+! =& #!+M =! =#4N"!+- =!b =! #4Y-!mCW4!m4 #!_4N !2&!2P/!m4N-
()*+!5e!DE =!/8C =!51 !, /!+B+!51 !"#$%!+M =! =#4N"”!(J!"#n !/Ý+#!(] #
m)* =!+<!+ !%-:!5¾%!+9:!+B+! =& #! &'!/8C =!+B+!mÜ #!26+!51 !, /!X-: !/8L =
ë!;#n-!¸V!?&4!24f/!5e!DE =!IJ#$%:)<K!;%L"M2%&-%2N;%D,'"%¸ (J!m&%!8â!+<!+
+M =! =#4N"!+9:!+B+! )3+!/8C =!_#-!26+! &'V!IB+!=41!5e!DE =!0:!01 =!+9:!+B+
H%!lv75F!lvvk!2&!lvv5!(J!"#n !/Ý+#!+B+! =& #!M!/M~,o!%B'!2&!(4N ~(4N !/e!ë
ASSAO!jF!s& !Q-è+!2&!O#P/!?1 V!
t):!8:!+B+!+M =!/#b+!/Ý #!/û!mN!%-:!/86+!/4f"!/8C =! )3+!QZZ\RU!2&!/û!mN!%-:
=4B !/4f"!/8C =! )3+!QZ•\RUF!/B+!=41!+#C!/#.'F!234!+B+! =& #!()*+! =#4d !+b-
ë!O#P/!?1 F!#4N-!b =!m4d !_f/!=4B !/4f"!m3 !#< !#4N-!b =!m4d !_f/!/86+!/4f";!2&
ASSAO!j!2&!s& !Q-è+!+ã!#4N-!b =!m4d !_f/!/8C =! )3+!/#."!#< !O#P/!?1 V
I#oC!/B+!=41F!_f/!X-1! &'!+ã!/#J!=414!/#Ý+#!8g =!#4N-!b =!m4d !_f/!/8C =! )3+

/#."!m&!DC!/û!mN!%-:!/8C =! )3+!/#."V
tè4!234! =& #!M!/M~,o!%B'F!0&4!24f/!+#C!/#.'F!/W4!ASSAO!jF!+1!/û!mN!%-:!/86+
42
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
/4f"!2&!=4B !/4f"!/8C =! )3+!(Y-!+#^ =!mW4!/8C =!=4:4!(CW !lv75!~!lvvkF! #) =
mW4!/H =!md !/8C =!=4:4!(CW !lvvk!~!lvv5F!2&!%b+!(@!%-:!5ắ%!234!O#P/!?1 !+:C
#< !%b+!(@!%-:!5ắ%!/8C =! )3+V!t4Y-! &'!()*+!mq!=414!0g =!%@/!/#6+!/f!m&!+B+
)3+! &'!+ó!%b+!/H =!/8)ở =! #: #!/8C =!=4:4!(CW !lvvk!~!lvv5V!Kf/!X-1!+#C
s& !Q-ố+! =)*+!mW4!#C& !/C& !234!ASSAO!j!0ở4!+1!/ỷ!mN!%-:!/86+!/4f"!2&!=4B
/4f"!/8C =! )3+!+9:!s& !Q-ố+!(Y-!/H =!md !/#oC!/#r4!=4: F!/8C =!_#4!/ỷ!mN!%-:
5ắ%!234! )3+! =C&4!Q+#9!'f-!m&!O#P/!?1 U!mW4!=41%!(B =!_JV!G34!O#P/!?1 F!/ỷ
mN!%-:!5ắ%!234! )3+! =C&4!=` ! #)!_#M =!/#:'!(ổ4!/8C =!5-ố/!yk! H%!0ở4!+1!/ỷ
mN!%-:!/86+!/4f"!2&!=4B !/4f"!/8C =! )3+!(Y-!,."!,ỉ!lkk%V
;B+! =& #!(4N !2&!(4N !/e!ở!+B+! )3+!+ũ =!()*+!"#n !/í+#!/#oC!"#)< =!"#B"
d-!/8d V!Kf/!X-1!)3+!m)* =!+#C!/#.'!ASSAO!j!"#E!/#-@+!8./!m3 !2&C! )3+
=C&4!/8C =!24N+!"#B/!/84J !+B+! =& #! &'V!I8C =!_#4!(óF!/ỷ!mN!%-:!/86+!/4f"!2&
=4B !/4f"!/8C =! )3+!+9:!+B+! =& #! &'!ở!s& !Q-ố+!/H =!md !/8C =!=4:4!(CW
lv75!~!lvvk!2&!=41%!,-ố =!/8C =! #^ =! H%!lvvkV!T-!#)3 =! &'!=ắ !m4Y !234
56!=4:!/H =!+9:!24N+!%-:!5ắ%!234! )3+! =C&4V!tố4!234!O#P/!?1 F!+B+! =-c
/8C =! )3+!2ẫ !m-M !(ó =!2:4!/8i!X-: !/8L =F! #) =!+B+! =-c ! )3+! =C&4F!(ặ+
04N/!m&!RỹF!+ũ =!/H =!md !(B =!_JV
\#n !/í+#!+E!/#J!#< !/> #!#> #!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!ở!+B+! )3+!(: =! =#4d !+b-F
0&4!24f/!+#ỉ!8:!%@/!5ố! =-'d ! #n !+ó!/#J!Dẫ !(f ! #^ =!/#:'!(ổ4!/8C =!24N+!%-:
5ắ%!/ừ!+B+! =-c !ở!/8C =! )3+!2&! )3+! =C&4F!/8C =!(ó!+ó!56!_#B+!04N/!2Y!(ặ+
(4J%!+9:!m4 #!_4N F!2Y!+#./!m)* =!/#oC!'d-!+`-!+9:!/#]!/8)r =F!2&!+#í #!5B+#!+9:
+#í #!"#9!%74! )3+V!O#^ =!_#B+!04N/! &'!m&! #^ =!/#M =!/4 !#^-!í+#!+#C!+B+
#&!#CW+#!(] #!+#í #!5B+#!/8C =!24N+!(Y!, /!+#í #!5B+#!"#B/!/84J !+M =! =#4N"V!!
R@/!(4Y-!()*+! #. !%W #!/8C =!+1!0:!0&4!24f/!m&!%-:!5ắ%!m4 #!"#E!_4N !/8C =
)3+!5ẽ!+ó!m*4!+#C!+1! #&!mắ"!8B"! )3+! =C&4!2&!+B+! #&!+- =!+."!/8C =! )3+!0ở4
+B+! #&!mắ"!8B"! )3+! =C&4!5ẽ!=41%!()*+!+#4!"#í!"#B/!54 #!/#d%!2Y!2P !/14F!m)-

_#C! f-!#L!_#M =!"#14! #P"!_#$-F!/8C =!_#4!+B+! #&!+- =!b =!/8C =! )3+!+ó
/#J!/H =!_#ố4!m)* =!51 !, /!2&!B"!DE =!+M =! =#N!/#í+#!#*"!/#M =!X-:!m4d !_f/
234!+B+! #&!mắ"!8B"! )3+! =C&4V!G>!/#fF!%@/!(4Y-!()*+!/#ừ:! #P !8@ =!8ã4!m&!/#ú+
($'!%-:!5ắ%!/8C =! )3+!m&! #n !/ố!#f/!5b+!X-: !/8L =!=4ú"!+B+! )3+!(: =!"#B/
/84J !($'!%W #! Y !+M =! =#4N"!DC!DC: #! =#4N"!(`-!/)! )3+! =C&4!Dẫ !Dắ/V!I-'
2P'F!#`-!#f/!+B+! #&!mắ"!8B"! )3+! =C&4!ở!G4N/!O:%!mW4!_#M =!+ó!(9!/#M =!/4 !2Y
+B+! #&!+- =!+."!G4N/!O:%!+ó!+#./!m)* =! #g%!/H =!_#1! H =!+W #!/8: #!2Y!+#4
"#í!/#M =!X-:!m4d !_f/!_4 #!DC: #!234!+B+! #&!+- =!+."! &'V!t4Y-! &'!+#C!/#.'
#4N !(: =!+ó!%@/! #-!+`-!8./!m3 !2Y!+<!5ở!D^!m4N-!+- =!+."!+B+!/#M =!/4 !+#4!/4f/
2Y!+B+! #&!+- =!+."!/8C =! )3+V!tJ!m&%!()*+!24N+!(óF!/8C =!0&4!+-ố4!+ù =!+9:
2
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
+-ố !5B+#F!J- 4+#4!RC84!"#n !/í+#!+B+!'d-!+`-!2Y!/#4f/!_f!2&!X-1 !mq!%@/! =-c
+<!5ở!D^!m4N-!(:!DW =F!#4N-!X-1!2Y!+B+! #&!+- =!+."!/8C =! )3+V!
?ắ/!(`-!0&4!24f/!+9:!%> #F!/B+!=41!+#C!8g =!mCW4!+<!5ở!D^!m4N-! d-!/8d !+ó!2:4!/8i
#f/!5b+!X-: !/8L =!/8C =!=4:4!(CW !#4N ! :'V!G34! #4Y-! =-c !/#M =!/4 F!2í!DE!/ừ
Iổ!+#b+!,ú+!/4f !/#)< =!%W4!O#P/!?1 !QJSIROU!QykkjU!2&!GZh!QykkxUF!/B+!=41
+#C!/#.'!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!mắ"!8B"! )3+! =C&4!ở!G4N/!O:%!(: =!=ặ"!_#ó!_#H
/8C =!24N+!/#ú+!($'!X-B!/8> #! @4!(]:!#ó:!m4 #!_4N !2>!/ỷ!mN!%-:!5ắ%!m4 #!_4N
/8C =! )3+!+9:!/./!+1!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!51 !, /!Qở!%b+!yyFx%U!/#."!#< !8./
#4Y-!5C!234!+B+! )3+!ASSAO!_#B+V!K#ó!_#H !#< ! ^:!+#í #!m&!24N+!+B+!DC: #
=#4N"!mắ"!8B"! )3+! =C&4!%./!8./! #4Y-!/#r4!=4: !2&!/4Y !0W+!(J!/>%!()*+! #&
+- =!+."!/8C =! )3+!"#ù!#*"!2&!+ó!+#./!m)* =V!I8C =!0ố4!+1 #!(óF!24N+!,n'!D6 =
+<!5ở!D^!m4N-!2Y! =& #!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!m&!%@/!24N+!+` !m&%!#< !0:C!=4r!#f/V
?& !m-P !+E!/#J!2Y!24N+!/#4f/!_f!+<!5ở!D^!m4N-!+#C!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!ở!G4N/
O:%F!0&4!24f/!/8)3+!#f/!%M!/1!+B+!(ặ+!(4J%!+` !/#4f/!+9:!+<!5ở!D^!m4N-V!G34!+B+
'd-!+`-!/#4f/!_f! #)!2P'F!0&4!24f/!+#ỉ!8:!8g =!+B+!+-ố !D: #!0W!_4 #!DC: #!/#oC
_4J-!/8: =!2& =!ở!G4N/!O:%!#4N ! :'!_#M =!/#J!(B"!b =!()*+! #-!+`-!2Y!/#M =
/4 !+9:!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!mắ"!8B"! )3+! =C&4V!IB+!=41! #. !%W #!8g =!(4J%
_#B+!04N/!+#9!'f-!=4^:!+<!5ở!D^!m4N-!+9:!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!234!+B+!D: #!0W

_4 #!DC: #!+#í #!m&!ở!(@!5n-!+9:!/#M =!/4 !2Y!DC: #! =#4N"V!tJ!+ó!()*+!+B+
/#M =!/4 !+` !/#4f/!/8C =!+<!5ở!D^!m4N-F!0&4!24f/!%M!/1!X-: !#N!#:4!+#4Y-!=4^:!(4Y-
_4N !+#L !m6:! #&!+- =!+."!234!+B+!_#C1 !%E+!+` !+ó!/8C =!+<!5ở!D^!m4N-V
tJ!%4 #!#L:!24N+!,n'!D6 =!+<!5ở!D^!m4N-!#*"!mq! #g%!(B"!b =!'d-!+`-!+9:!+B+
DC: #! =#4N"!mắ"!8B"! )3+! =C&4F!/B+!=41!+- =!+."!+B+!/#M =!/4 !8./!#^-!í+#!2Y!+B+
+<!5ở!D^!m4N-!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!ở!O#P/!?1 V!I8C =!5ố!+B+!+<!5ở!D^!m4N-!#4N !+óF
+<!5ở!D^!m4N-!+9:!/#& #!"#ố!O_:':!2&!RC Cz-_-84~ o/!m&! #^ =!2í!DE!(4J !#> #V
R-ố !,n'!D6 =!()*+!+B+!+<!5ở!D^!m4N-! #)!/#f!/#>!+` !"#14!,o%!,é/! #4Y-!2. !(Y
m4d !X-: !%@/!+B+#!_ỹ!m)ỡ =V!Gí!DEF!24N+!_#-'f !_#í+#!+B+!SRS!/#:%!=4:!,n'
D6 =!+<!5ở!D^!m4N-!(i4!#ỏ4!"#14!+ó!56!"#ố4!#*"!+#ặ/!+#ẽ!=4^:! #&! )3+!2&!/)! #n F
/H =!+)r =!/#H%!X-: !+B+! #&!%B'!2&!#> #!/#& #!+B+!D]+#!2E!_f/! ố4!_4 #!DC: #V
;#ú =!/M4!#'!2L =!8g =!+-ố !5B+#!5ẽ!+- =!+."!+#C!0W !(L+! #^ =!/#M =!/4 !#^-
í+#!2Y!/#6+!/8W =!"#B/!/84J !+9:!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!ở!G4N/!O:%V!;#ú =!/M4!8./
2-4! f-!GZh!+ó!/#J!(ó =!=ó"!%@/!"#` ! #ỏ!0é!/8C =!X-B!/8> #!"#B/!/84J !+M =
=#4N"!#7!/8*!ở!G4N/!O:%V
<.O<7%&,>#$%P%#+(%0QQR
Z4[ !(& !\#B/!/84J !G4N/!O:%
24
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
l
t`-! H%!ykkxF!Z4[ !(& !\#B/!/84J !G4N/!O:%!QGZhU!/ổ!+#b+!(*/!mắ =! =#o!q
_4f !=4^:!?@!;M =! =#4N"!G4N/!O:%!2&!+B+! #&!51 !, /!O#P/!?1 !(: =!#CW/
(@ =!/W4!G4N/!O:%
l
V!I#M =!X-:!+B+!0-ổ4!mắ =! =#o!q!_4f ! &'F! #ó%!D6!/#1C
X-'!#CW+#!/ổ =!/#J!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!+9:!?@!;M =! =#4N"!(ã!/86+!/4f"!/8:C!(ổ4
/#M =!/4 !2&!X-: !(4J%!234!+B+! #&!51 !, /!O#P/!?1 !+ó!m4d !X-: V
tố4!/)* =!+#ú =!/M4!mắ =! =#o!q!_4f !m&!+B+! #&!mắ"!8B"!2&!+B+! #&!+- =!+."
m4 #!"#E!_4N !O#P/!?1 !/#-@+!+B+! =& #!M!/MF!,o!%B'F!(4N ~(4N !/e
y

V!tn'!m&
#^ =! =& #!X-: !/8L =!(ố4!234!"#B/!/84J !+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*F!2&!+ũ =!m&! #^ =
=& #!()*+!X-: !/n%!(ặ+!04N/!/8C =!SB =!_4f !+#- =!G4N/!O:%!~!O#P/!?1 V
;#ú =!/M4!(ã!=e4!/#)!/34!/./!+1!55!DC: #! =#4N"!+ó!2ố !(`-!/)!+9:!O#P/!?1
/#-@+!+B+! =& #! &'!/W4!G4N/!O:%V!I8C =!5ố! &'F!+#ú =!/M4!(ã!=ặ"!2&!/86+!/4f"
mắ =! =#o!q!_4f !/ừ!wy!DC: #! =#4N"F!0:C!=c%!l5!DC: #! =#4N"!/8C =! =& #
(4N ~(4N !/eF!lj!DC: #! =#4N"!/8C =! =& #!,o!%B'F!2&!v!DC: #! =#4N"!/8C =
=& #!M!/M
w
V!\#n !/#oC!2ù =F!+ó!lv!DC: #! =#4N"! ở!%4Y !?ắ+!2&!lw!DC: #
=#4N"!ở!%4Y !O:%V!?d !+W #!(óF!+#ú =!/M4!+ũ =!_#1C!5B/!%@/!DC: #! =#4N"
mắ"!8B"!G4N/!O:%F!#:4!DC: #! =#4N"!+- =!+."!m4 #!"#E!_4N !G4N/!O:%F!2&!%@/
DC: #! =#4N"!+- =!+."!m4 #!"#E!_4N !t&4!pC: V!I./!+1!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"! &'
(Y-!(: =!+ó!X-: !#N!_4 #!DC: #!234!+B+! #&!51 !, /!O#P/!?1 V!;#ú =!/M4!+ũ =
/4f !#& #!mắ =! =#o!q!_4f !/ừ!+B+!+#-'d !=4:!2Y!+M =! =#4N"!+9:!O#P/!?1 V
J(KL#I$M
JN#I$#I(!.O$(P$*+Q$-!.*$/01$HKA!$IE;$#(R#$;S0$;);
#(&$TU#$VBW*$/(X*$YU#
o
Diễn đàn Phát triển Việt Nam
*!?BC!+BC!=ố+!()*+!+#-$ !0]!0g =!/4f =!A #!2&!()*+!D]+#!5: =!/4f =!O#P/!2&!/4f =!G4N/V!?BC!+BC!/4f =!G4N/
()*+!D]+#!/ừ!01 !/4f =!A #!234!56!/#:%!=4:!+9:!+B+!/#& #!24d !R:4!I#f!;)r =!Q/8)ở =! #ó%UF!O=M!tb+!A #F
Gũ!I#-!sg =F!\#W%!I8)< =!sC& =F!Z)< =!K4%!sc =F!\#W%!I#]!s-'Y F!A4: =!I#: #!pC =F!O=-'[ !O=L+
S< F!pd!s&!I#: #F!2&!O=-'[ !I#]!T-n !I#-qV
l
I#& #!24d !/#:%!=4:!/ừ!GZh!0:C!=c%!Ko 4+#4!O# C!Q(c =!=4B%!(ố+!D6!B UF!R:4!I#f!;)r =F!O=M!tb+!A #F
J- 4+#4!RC84F!\#W%!I8)< =!sC& =F!2&!KC#o4!R45#4%:V!I#& #!24d !/#:%!=4:!/ừ!?@!;M =! =#4N"!0:C!=c%
O=-'[ !A #!O:%!Q/8)ở =! #ó%UF!R:4!I !A #F!\#W%!A4:!I#b+F!\#W%!Iù =!pn%F!2&!Z)< =!sc =!Q-n V
y
;B+!0-ổ4!mắ =! =#o!q!_4f !/ừ!"#í:!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!G4N/!O:%!2&!DC: #! =#4N"!/#-@+!+B+!X-ố+!=4:!_#B+! #)

I8- =!Q-ố+F!t&4!pC: F!s& !Q-ố+!2&!p4d !%4 #!;#n-!Â-!()*+!?@!;M =! =#4N"!/#6+!#4N !(@+!mP"F!_#M =!+ó
56!/8*!=4ú"!+9:!GZhV
w
I ổ =!5ố!md !/#& #!w8!DC: #! =#4N"!2>!+ó!56!/8ù =!mặ"V!x!DC: #! =#4N"!+- =!+."!m4 #!"#E!_4N !+#C!+1!+B+
#&!mắ"!8B"!M!/M!2&!+B+! #&!mắ"!8B"!,o!%B'V
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
;B+!0-æ4!m¾ =! =#o!q!_4f !()*+!/#6+!#4N !/õ!+-è4!/#B =!y!(f !(`-!/#B =!j! H%
ykkxF!/P"!/8- =!+#9!'f-!/8C =!/-` !/õ! =&'!x!/#B =!w!ë!%4Y !?¾+!2&!/-` !/õ! =&'
lw!/#B =!w!ë!%4Y !O:%V!;#ó =!/M4!(·!5e!DE =!m4 #!#CW/!+B+!#> #!/#b+!m¾ =! =#o
q!_4f !_#B+! #:-! #)!#L"!+#Ý #!/#b+F!_#1C!5B/! #&!%B'F!/#1C!m-P !_#M =!+#Ý #
/#b+F!2&!/8:C!(æ4!X-:!/#)!(4N !/e!+#C!"#ï!#*"!234! =-'N !2L =!2&!/#r4!=4: !+9:
/õ =!DC: #! =#4N"V!I8C =! #^ =!0-æ4!#L"~"#á =!2. F!+#ó =!/M4!/#)r =!#á4
DC: #! =#4N"!2Y!/> #!#> #! @4!(]:!#CB!#4N ! :'!2&! #^ =!04N !"#B"!+#Ý #!5B+#
+` !/#4f/!(J!"#B/!/84J !+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*V!;#ó =!/M4!+ò =!=#4! #P ! #^ =!=ã"
q!+#C!01 !D6!/#1C!X-'!#CW+#!/æ =!/#J!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*! f-!DC: #! =#4N"!+ã
q!_4f V!I./!+1!/#M =!/4 !(Y-!()*+!01C!%P/!2&!_#M =!+ã!/d !+9:!0./!+b!+M =!/'
&C!()*+!+M =!0èV
?BC!+BC! &'!DC!GZh!/#6+!#4N !/8d !+<!5ë!/#-!/#P"!/#M =!/4 !/õ!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"V
GZh!#C& !/C& !+#]-!/8B+#! #4N%!2Y!%Æ/! @4!D- =!+9:!0BC!+BCV!O#^ =!"#n !/Ý+#F
0> #!m-P !():!8:!/8C =!0BC!+BC!_#M =!"#14!m&!X-: !(4J%!+#- =!+9:!/./!+1!+B+
DC: #! =#4N"!O#P/!?1 V!I8d !/#6+!/fF!X-: !(4J%!+9:!0:! =& #!/#)r =!_#B+
#:-F!2&!/#P%!+#Ý!+9:!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!/8C =!+ï =!%@/! =& #!+ò =!_#B+! #:-V
;B+!m-P !(4J%!DC!GZh!m6:!+#L !2&!():!8:!/8C =!0BC!+BC! &'!m&! #^ =!X-: !(4J%
+#- =!+9:!(W4!(:!5è!DC: #! =#4N"!O#P/!?1 !(: =!#CW/!(@ =!/W4!G4N/!O:%V
Mp$DR#($(R#($#G!$%:0$(q)$(!.#$#0r
;M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!G4N/!O:%!/)< =!(è4!_Ð%!"#B/!/84J V!Iû!mN! @4!(]:!#CB!+9:
+B+! #&!51 !, /!O#P/!?1 !/W4!G4N/!O:%!m&!yyFx%!2&C! H%!ykkw!/8C =!_#4!/û!mN
&'!ë!R:m:'54:!2&!I#B4!p: !m&!j5%!#CÆ+!+:C!#<
j
V!I-'! #4d F!/4f !/8> #! @4!(]:

#CB!ë!0:! =& #!()*+!,o%!,Ð/!/8C =!0BC!+BC! &'!#C& !/C& !_#B+! #:-V
O=& #!,o!%B'!+ã!/û!mN! @4!(]:!#CB!+:C! #./F!(W/!_#C1 =!75%
5
V!;C !5è! &'!0:C
=c%!+B+!m4 #!"#E!_4N !DC!+B+! #&!m¾"!8B"!/6!51 !, /!#CÆ+!%-:!/õ!+B+! #&!+- =
+."!+ã!2è !(`-!/)! )3+! =C&4!2&! #&!+- =!+."! @4!(]:V!RÆ+!Dï!+B+! #&!m¾"!8B"
,o!%B'!m4d !/E+! #. !%W #!/`%!X-: !/8L =!+9:!24N+!=4:!/H =!#< ! ^:!/û!mN! @4
(]:!#CBF!%b+!(@! @4!(]:!#CB!+9:! =& #! &'!2É !+i !+:C!#< ! #4Y-!5C!234!#:4
=& #!+i !mW4V
y
j
I#oC!Iæ!+#b+!Tó+!/4f !/#)< =!%W4!O#P/!?1 !~!J:": !S,/o8 :m!I8:Do!O8=: 4z:/4C !QJSIROUF!/û!mN! @4!(]:
#CB!+9:!_#-!26+!+#f!/WC! H%!ykkj!m&!j7Fv%!ë!I#B4!p: F!j5Fk%!ë!R:m:'54:F!w8Fw%!ë!• DC o54:!2&!y8Fw%!ë
\#4m4""4 o5V!To%!JSIRO!Qykk5UV
5
;C !5è! &'!DC!+B+! #&!51 !, /!,o!%B'!/8C =!/-` !m[!m¾ =! =#o!q!_4f !+- =!+."V
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
I8C =! =& #!(4N ~(4N !/eF!/ỷ!mN! @4!(]:!#CB!(: =!/H =!md !/W4!%@/!5ố!DC: #
=#4N"!+ó!2ố !(`-!/)! )3+! =C&4V!G&C! H%!ykkyF!"#` !m3 !+B+! #&!mắ"!8B"!(4N
/e!/4d-!Dù =!_#M =!/#J!/>%!()*+!+B+! =-c !+- =!+."! @4!(]:F!/#P%!+#í!+1! #^ =
m4 #!_4N ! #6:!2&!_4%!_#í!(< !=41 V!O#) =!#4N !/W4F!%@/! #&!mắ"!8B"!/424!+#C!04f/
#L!(ã!+ó!/#J!%-:!/C& !0@!m4 #!"#E!_4N ! #6:!/ừ!+B+! #&!+- =!+."!/8C =! )3+!Q+#9
'f-!m&! #&!+- =!+."!+ó!2ố !(`-!/)! )3+! =C&4UV!s4N ! :'F!/ỷ!mN! @4!(]:!#CB!+#C
/424!2&C!_#C1 =!/ừ!yk%!(f !jk%!/-a!/ừ =! #&!51 !, /!QRC84F!ykk5u!y8UV!I)< =
/6F!%@/! #&!51 !, /!/#4f/!0]!%B'!/í #!+#C!04f/!#L!(ã!/H =!5ố!m)* =!+B+! #&!+- =
+."! @4!(]:!/ừ!7!2&C! H%!ykky!md !j5!2&C! H%!ykkxV!Kf/!X-1!m&!/ỷ!mN! @4!(]:!#CB
+9:!DC: #! =#4N"! &'!(ã!/H =!/ừ!5%!2&C! H%!ykkj!md !wk!~!jk%!2&C! H%!ykkxV
I-'! #4d F!2ẫ !+i !+B+! #&!51 !, /!+ó!%b+!(@! @4!(]:!#CB!/#."V!R@/! #&!51
, /!/424!2ẫ !/4f"!/E+!D-'!/8>!51 !, /!DW =!;KZ!Q0@!m4 #!_4N !mắ"!8B"!#C& !+#ỉ #U
0ở4!2>!+B+!m4 #!"#E!_4N ! #P"!_#$-!8ẻ!#< !#& =!51 !, /!/8C =! )3+V!O#> !+#- =F

%b+!(@! @4!(]:!#CB!#4N ! :'!+i !/#."!#< ! #4Y-!5C!234!%b+!%C =!(*4!+9:!+B+
#&!51 !, /!O#P/!?1 !(J!(1%!01C!/í #!+W #!/8: #V!I#P%!+#í!(ố4!234!+B+! #&!51
, /!(ã!/H =!/ỷ!mN! @4!(]:!#CB!m4 #!"#E!_4N ! #6:!/8C =! #^ =! H%!=` !(n'F!24N+
/>%!+B+!m4 #!"#E!_4N !(4N !/eF!_#-M !%ẫ-!2&!=4:!+M =!_4%!_#í! #)!DP"F!8è F!%W
+i !8./!_#ó!_#H V!R@/! #&!mắ"!8B"!+B+!/#4f/!0]!=4:!DE =!"#1 !B #!8g =!#L!_#M =
/#J!/>%!/#.'!+B+!m4 #!"#E!_4N !+ó!=4B!/8]!+:C!ở!/#]!/8)r =! @4!(]:V!Rặ+!Dù!DC: #
=#4N"! &'!(W/!()*+!/ỷ!mN! @4!(]:!#CB!m&!7k%!/í #!/#oC!5ố!m)* =!m4 #!"#E!_4N F
/ỷ!mN! @4!(]:!#CB!/í #!/#oC!=4B!/8]!+#ỉ!(W/!%b+!wk%V!t4Y-! &'! =E!q!8g =!24N+! @4
(]:!#CB!%34!+#ỉ!/P"!/8- =!ở! #^ =!m4 #!"#E!_4N !+ó!=4B!/8]!/#."V
O=& #!+M =! =#4N"!M!/M!+ó!/ỷ!mN! @4!(]:!#CB!/#."! #./!/8C =!+1!w! =& #F!(W/!%b+
5~lk%!QIP"!(C& !I&4!+#í #!D& #!+#C!+B+!ZC: #! =#4N"!2ừ:!2&! #ỏ!O#P/!?1 !~
J:": !h4 : +o!;C8"C8:/4C !{C8!S%:mm!: D!RoD4-%!S /o8"845o5![JASRS]F!ykkjUV
I8C =!_#4!%@/!5ố!m4 #!"#E!_4N !5e!DE =! #4Y-!m:C!(@ =!#Cặ+!+c =!_Y #! #)!=#f
=c4!(ã!()*+! @4!(]:!#CB!/#>!"#` !m3 !+B+!m4 #!"#E!_4N !_#B+!(Y-!"#14! #P"
_#$-V!s< ! ^:F!+B+! #&!51 !, /!M!/M!/W4!G4N/!O:%!#4N !/W4!(: =!8./!mC!mắ =!2Y
+B+!2. !(Y! =ắ !#W ! #)! #P"!_#$-!,o!+ũF!/#-f!/4d-!/#E!(ặ+!04N/F!2&!+B+!2. !(Y
0./!ổ !ở!/#]!/8)r =! @4!(]:
x
V!O#^ =!2. !(Y! &'!+1 !/8ở!+B+! #&!51 !, /!M!/M!mP"
+B+!_f!#CW+#F!+#4f !m)*+!D&4!#W V!SC!234!+M =! =#4N"!,o!%B'F!+M =! =#4N"!M!/M
/W4!G4N/!O:%!+ó!D- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!2&!/ố+!(@!"#B/!/84J !/#."!#< F!m&%!#W
+#f!+B+!m6:!+#L !+#4f !m)*+!(J!2)*/!X-:!+B+!/8ở! =W4! d-!/8d V!I8C =! =& #!
w
x
I#-f!/4d-!/#E!(ặ+!04N/!(ố4!234!,o!D-!m]+#!/H =!/ừ!jk%!md !5k%!/ừ!/#B =!l! H%!ykkxF!2&!/ừ! =&'!l!/#B =!5
5ẽ!0ỏ!mN #!+.%! #P"!,o!(ã!X-:!5e!DE =V!ZC: #!5ố!0B !,o!%34!51 !, /!/8C =! )3+!=41%!wy%!2&C!X-q!! H%
ykkx!5C!234!+ù =!_a! H%!/8)3+!DC! =)r4!/4d-!Dù =!+ó!/#B4!(@!+#r!,o%!"#1 !b =!+9:!/#]!/8)r =!/#f! &CV
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
M!/MF!,o!/14!2&!,o!0-q/!+ó!/ỷ!mN! @4!(]:!#CB!+:C!#< !,o!D-!m]+#!0ở4!2>!+B+!DC: #
=#4N"!G4N/!O:%!+ó!/#J!/6!51 !, /!()*+! #^ =!0@!"#P !"#í:!/8d !+9:!,o!0-q/

Q_#-!26+!_#B+#! =c4U!2&!,o!/14!Q_#-!26+!+#b:!#& =UV
6p$J);$#(`#$*i$*(s#$;(i*$C&$1i!$[B0#$(.$;S0$;(t#I$*+q#I$C!.;$*uq$+0
](U$#v#I$;u#($*+0#(
I#oC!/4d-!+#-$ !51 !, /!+9:!O#P/!?1 F!/í #!+W #!/8: #!"#E!/#-@+!2&C!2,3&%4"6#$7
2,*%8,9%:)%$*;<%,)#$ QQ;Z!~!Q-:m4/'F!;C5/F!Zom42o8'UV!G34!+B+! #&!51 !, /!m4 #
"#E!_4N !O#P/!?1 !/W4!G4N/!O:%F!_#4!+#./!m)* =!(ã!()*+!(1%!01C!/#>!#:4!'f-!/ố
X-: !/8L =!+` !()*+!+14!/#4N !m&!2,*%8,9%:)%$*;<%,)#$V!tJ!=41%!+#4!"#í!2&!($'
#: #!/4f !(@!=4:C!#& =!/#>!24N+!"#B/!/84J !+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!m&!8./!+` !/#4f/V!
tố4!234!51 !, /!mắ"!8B"!+<!_#í!~! =& #!()*+!(Y!+P"!/8C =!01 !0BC!+BC! &'!~!/#>
+#4!"#í!51 !, /!m4 #!"#E!_4N !+#4f%!/ỷ!/8L =!m3 !/8C =!/ổ =!+#4!"#í!51 !, /!+9:
+B+! #&!mắ"!8B"!+-ố4!+ù =V!Gí!DEF!%@/! #&!mắ"!8B"!(4N !/e!=4:!DE =!+#C!04f/!+B+
m4 #!"#E!_4N !+#4f%!8k%!/ổ =!+#4!"#í!51 !, /!51 !"#$%F!/8C =!_#4!m:C!(@ =!+#ỉ
+#4f%!+ó!y%V!Oó4!%@/!+B+#!_#B4!X-B/!#< !/#>!=4B!/#& #!m4 #!"#E!_4N !/#)r =
+#4f%!_#C1 =! 7k~vk%!=4B!/#& #!51 !"#$%F!/8C =!_#4!+#4!"#í! #n !+M =!+#ỉ
+#4f%!_#C1 =!D)34!lk%V!ZC!(óF!_#M =!/#J!(W/!()*+!/í #!+W #!/8: #!2Y!=4B!+1
f-!_#M =!=41%!()*+!+#4!"#í!m4 #!"#E!_4N V!;B+! #&!mắ"!8B"!G4N/!O:%!/#)r =
#P"!_#$-!m4 #!"#E!_4N !/ừ!R:m:'54:!2&!I#B4!p: ! d !5ẽ!"#B/!54 #!/#d%!+#4!"#í
2P !/14F!m)-!_#C!2&!2P !+#-'J V!;#ỉ!_#4!"#` !m3 !m4 #!"#E!_4N !()*+!51 !, /!ở
G4N/!O:%!/#>!+B+! #&!mắ"!8B"!G4N/!O:%!%34!+ó!/#J!+W #!/8: #!#4N-!X-1!234!+B+
#&!mắ"!8B"!+9:!R:m:'54:!2&!I#B4!p: !2>!#L!+ó!/#J!5e!DE =!+B+!m4 #!"#E!_4N ! &'
%&!_#M =!"#14!+#]-!/#d%!%@/!_#C1 !+#4!"#í!"#B/!54 #! &C!_#B+V!
O=C&4!8:F!+B+! #&!mắ"!8B"!O#P/!?1 !+i !(ặ/!8:!'d-!+`-!+:C!2Y!24N+!=4:C!#& =!(ú =
=4rF!/` !5 /!=4:C!#& =!+:C! #g%!=41%!/#4J-!+#4!"#í!m)-!_#C!2&!/#r4!=4: !51 !, /V
I#M =!/#)r =F!24N+!=4:C!#& =!5ẽ!"#14!/4f !#& #!#& =! =&'!#Cặ+!/#P%!+#í!m&!#& =
=4rV!K#M =!=4ố =! #)!+B+!+M =!/'!G4N/!O:%!/#)r =!m)-!_#C!%@/!m)* =!#& =!m3
(J!D6!"#i =F!+B+!+M =!/'!O#P/!?1 !m-M !+C4!#& =!/c !_#C!m&!%@/!DW =!+#4!"#í!+`
"#14!+ắ/!=41%!+& =! #4Y-!+& =!/ố/V!tJ!(W/!()*+!%b+!m)-!_#C!0g =!_#M =F! =:'!/ừ
#^ =! H%!lv5kF!+M =!/'!IC'C/:!(ã!,n'!D6 =!#N!/#ố =!=4:C!#& =!(ú =!#ẹ !Qj-5/~
4 ~/4%oF!#:'!+i !=L4!m&!.;#S;# /8C =!/4f =!O#P/UF!#4N !()*+!B"!DE =!8@ =!8ã4!ở!+B+
+M =!/'!O#P/!?1 !_#B+V!A4:C!#& =! #: #!2&!(Y-!(ặ !5ẽ!_#M =!/#J!(W/!()*+! f-!+b

2&4!/#B =!+B+!+M =!/'!%34! #P"!_#$-!m4 #!"#E!_4N !%@/!m` !2&!%./!2&4! =&'!(J!2P
+#-'J !m4 #!"#E!_4N !/ừ!+1 =! #P"!2Y!(f ! #&!%B'V!;#í #!2>!mq!DC! &'! d !+B+! #&
j
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
m¾"!8B"!+-è4!+ï =!m-M !%-è !+B+! #&!+- =!+."!ë!=` ! #&!%B'!+9:!#LV!R@/!+M =
/'!(4N !/e!=4:!DE =!O#P/!?1 !=` !(n'!(·!(f !_#1C!5B/!G4N/!O:%!234!q!(] #!5Ï!,n'
D6 =!%@/! #&!%B'!/W4!(n'F! #) =!+M =!/'! &'! #: #!+#ã =!/õ!0á!_f!#CW+#! &'!_#4
#P !/#.'!56!'f-!_Ð%!2Y!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!+9:!G4N/!O:%V!
RÆ/!_#B+F!(è4!234!+B+! #&!+- =!+."!m4 #!"#E!_4N !+9:!G4N/!O:%!#:4!'f-!/è!X-:
/8L =! #./!+` !()*+!+14!/#4N !m&!2,3&%456#$%:)%$*;<%,)#$V!O=:'!+1!_#4!m4 #!"#E
_4N !+9:!#L!+ã!8Î!(4!+#H =! ^:!/#>!+B+!+M =!/'!O#P/!?1 !+ò =!5Ï!_#M =!%-:
f-!#L!_#M =!(1%!01C!()*+!#:4!'f-!/è!m&!2,3&%456#$%:)%$*;<%,)#$V!s4N ! :'F
X-: ! 4N%!2Y!2,3&%456#$%:)%$*;<%,)#$ +9:!+B+! #&!m¾"!8B"!O#P/!?1 !2&!+B+! #&
+- =!+."!m4 #!"#E!_4N !G4N/!O:%!2É !+i ! #4Y-!_#B+!04N/V!S6!_#B+!04N/!2Y!X-:
4N%! &'!5Ï!()*+!(Y!+P"!(f !/8C =!"#` !/4f"!/#oCV
;1!DC: #! =#4N"!(`-!/)!/86+!/4f"! )3+! =C&4!2&!DC: #! =#4N"!G4N/!O:%!(Y-
/#:%!=4:!2&C!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*V!Of-! #> !%@/!+B+#!/#6+!/f!#< !/#>!24N+! @4!(]:
#CB!51 !, /!m4 #!"#E!_4N !+` !"#14!0¾/!(`-!/õ!24N+!/#-!#ó/!+B+! #&!+- =!+."
m4 #!"#E!_4N !(`-!/)!/86+!/4f"! )3+! =C&4!(f !G4N/!O:%F!5:-!(ã! n =!+:C!D`
H =!m6+!+9:!+B+! #&!+- =!+."!m4 #!"#E!_4N !/8C =! )3+V!Râ!8& =F!+B+!+M =!/'
(`-!/)!/86+!/4f"! )3+! =C&4!5Ï!(ã =!2:4!/8i!+#9!(WC!2&!+#4f%!(:!5è!/8C =!+M =
=#4N"!#7!/8*!2&C!=4:4!(CW !(`-!+9:!+M =! =#4N"!#CB!ë!G4N/!O:%V!
Z- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!+#Ý #!m&!/4Y !(Y!+#C!24N+!/#-!#ó/!+B+! #&!+- =!+."!(`-!/)
/86+!/4f"! )3+! =C&4!2&C!G4N/!O:%V!Z- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!m3 !m&! #n !/è!+` !/#4f/
(J!=41%!+#4!"#Ý!51 !, /!(c =!/#r4!/#-!#ó/!+B+! #&!(`-!/)!/86+!/4f"! )3+! =C&4!2>
#:4!'f-!/è! &'!+ã!X-: !#N!+#Æ/!+#Ï!234! #:-V!Of-!D- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!_#4d%
/è !/#>!+B+! #&!51 !, /!m4 #!"#E!_4N !5Ï!_#M =!/#J!=41%!+#4!"#Ý!51 !, /!()*+
Q =-'d ! #n !5Ï!()*+!=414!/#Ý+#!D)34!(n'U!2&!2>!/#f!#L!_#M =!/#J!+W #!/8: #!()*+V
ZC!2P'F!#L!5Ï!_#M =!(`-!/)!2&C!G4N/!O:%V!K#¾+!"#E+!2. !(Y!2Y!D- =!m)* =!/#]
/8)r =!"#14!m&!)-!/4d !#& =!(`-!/8C =!24N+!"#B/!/84J !+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*V!

O=:'!+1!_#4!2. !(Y!D- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!()*+!=414!X-'f/!/#>F!/#oC!_f/!X-1!(4Y-
/8:!+9:!+#ó =!/M4F!2É !+i !+ã!0è !'f-!/è! ^:!+` !()*+!+14!/#4N !(J!/#ó+!($'!56
"#B/!/84J !+9:!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*F!(ã!m&u!Q4U! =-c ! #n !m6+!+M =! =#4N"!+#./
m)* =!+:CF!Q44U!+#Ý #!5B+#!/#-f!#*"!mqF!Q444U!%M4!/8)r =!+#Ý #!5B+#!æ !(] #F!2&!Q42U
2)*/!X-:!()*+!_#C1 =!+B+#!/#M =!/4 !2&! #P !/#b+!=4^:!+B+! #&!m¾"!8B"!(`-!/)
/86+!/4f"! )3+! =C&4!2&!+B+! #&!+- =!+."!m4 #!"#E!_4N !G4N/!O:%V!
Rè4!X-: !#N!+<!01 !=4^:!D- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =F!56!"#B/!/84J !+9:!+B+! #&!+- =
+."!m4 #!"#E!_4N !Q_J!+1!+B+!+M =!/'!(`-!/)!/86+!/4f"! )3+! =C&4!2&!+B+!+M =!/'
5
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
G4N/!O:%UF!2&!w!'f-!/ố!2Y!/í #!+W #!/8: #!()*+!%4 #!#CW!ở!s> #!lV!?ố !'f-!/ố
+` !()*+!+14!/#4N !+ũ =!()*+!%4 #!#CW!/8C =!#> #! &'V!\#` !/4f"!/#oC!+9:!01
0BC!+BC! &'!5ẽ!=414!/#í+#!+E!/#J!/ừ =!'f-!/ố!(óV
_p$Dw1$[B0#$*+x#I$;S0$HB#I$=KQ#I$*(:$*+Ky#I
Z- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!m3 !(ó =!2:4!/8i!8./!X-: !/8L =!(ố4!234!+M =! =#4N"!#7
/8*!2>! =& #! &'!m-M !(i4!#ỏ4!"#14!+ó!m)* =!(ặ/!#& =!/ố4!/#4J-!/)< =!(ố4!m3 !/#>
%34!+ó!/#J!/#:%!=4:!2&C!/#]!/8)r =V!Oó4!+#- =F!(4Y-! &'!"#1 !B #!%@/!/#6+!/f
m&!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!/#)r =!(i4!#ỏ4!(`-!/)! #4Y-!2ố !#< !+M =! =#4N"!mắ"!8B"
~! =& #!/#)r =!(i4!#ỏ4! #4Y-!m:C!(@ =V!R@/! #&!51 !, /!m4 #!"#E!_4N !M!/M!(ã
#P !(] #!8g =F!+#ỉ!+` !D- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!m3 !/#>!Dù!_#M =!+ó!+#í #!5B+#
#7!/8*! &CF!+M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*!2ẫ !5ẽ!"#B/!/84J !%@/!+B+#!/6! #4d V!
;M =! =#4N"!#7!/8*F! #)!/WC!_#-M !%ẫ-F!=4:!+M =!_4%!mCW4F!é"! #6:!(i4!#ỏ4!"#14
(`-!/)! #4Y-!%B'!%ó+!(ắ/!/4Y !2&!+` !í/!+M =! #n F!/8C =!_#4! =& #!mắ"!8B"!mW4
+ó! #^ =!(i4!#ỏ4! =)*+!mW4V!s< ! ^:F! #^ =!%B'!%ó+! &'!mW4!.,F#$%&,E%2,*;
#,T%U562 Q/b+!m&!_#M =!/#J!%-:!/ừ =!"#` !%B'!%ó+!()*+UV!R@/!_#4!(ã!(`-!/)
mắ"!(ặ/!#N!/#ố =!%B'!%ó+!/#>!+#4!"#í!2ố !+#C! #&!%B'!5ẽ!2ẫ !m-M !ở!%@/!%b+
x
gR#($Mp$z&1$*(j$#&q$%,$%u*$%KQ;$*a;($*n$*XO$*+B#I$C&$*a#($;u#($*+0#($
*+q#I$;N#I$#I(!.O$TU#$VBW*$=!#($O(n$]!.#
Môi tr ờng chính

sách ổn định
Chính sách
thuế
Ba yếu tố cạnh tranh
Dòng FDI vào,
cắt giảm chi phí
Cầu nội địa (đối với
các nhà lắp ráp)
Thu hẹp khoảng cách về
thông tin và nhận thức
Xuất khẩu linh phụ kiện
Dung l ợng
thị tr ờng
Chi phí
Giao
hàng
Chất
l ợng
Các nhà
cung cấp
FDI
Các nhà
cung cấp
nội địa
Nguồn nhân lực
công nghiệp
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
+ố!(] #!+#C!Dù!#N!/#ố =! &'!()*+!2P !#& #!m4d !/E+!yj!=4r!%@/! =&'!2&!wx5
=&'!%@/! H%F!#:'!+#ỉ!2P !#& #!/8C =!%@/!_#C1 =!/#r4!=4: ! #./!(] #V!ZC!2P'F
+#4!"#í!2ố !(< !2]!Q/ổ =!+#4!"#í!+#4:!+#C!5ố!51 !"#$%!51 !, /U!5ẽ!/ỷ!mN! =#]+#

234!m)* =!51 !"#$%!(`-!8:V!Gí!DEF!%@/! #&!%B'!51 !, /!xkkVkkk!m4 #!_4N ! #6:
%@/! H%!5ẽ!(W/!()*+!#4N-!X-1!51 !, /F!/8C =!_#4!%@/! #&!%B'!_#B+!+#ỉ!51
, /!yVkkk!m4 #!_4N ! #6:!%@/! H%!/#>!_#ó!%&!/c !/W4!()*+V!tn'!+#í #!m&!mq!DC
/W4!5:C!+B+! #&!51 !, /!m4 #!"#E!_4N !(`-!/)!/86+!/4f"! )3+! =C&4!+` !(1%!01C
D- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!"#14!(9!m3 !Q#Cặ+!D- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!5ẽ!m3 !/8C =
/)< =!m:4!=` U!/8)3+!_#4!#L!(`-!/)!2&C!G4N/!O:%V!
t4Y-! &'!#C& !/C& ! =)*+!234!24N+!mắ"!8B"!51 !"#$%!+-ố4!+ù =!2ố !+#ỉ!D6:!/8d
24N+!_#:4!/#B+!m*4!/#f! =-c !m:C!(@ =!"#ổ!/#M =!Dc4!D&C!%&!_#M =!+` !(`-!/)
0./!_a!%B'!%ó+!"#b+!/W"! &CV!tố4!234!24N+!2P !#& #! #)!2P'F!+#4!"#í!(< !2]
=` ! #)!_#M =!/#:'!(ổ4!2>!#L!_#M =!"#14!(`-!/)!2ố !+ố!(] #!0: !(`-V!tJ! #n
(M4!51 !m)* =F!#L!+#ỉ!24N+! #n !(M4!5ố! #n !+M =F!0& !=#fF!DE =!+E!2&!%ở!8@ =
D4N !/í+#! #&!%B'V!
I8C =!mĩ #!26+!,o!%B'F!+`-! @4!(]:!ở!G4N/!O:%!(ã!(W/!%b+!yFky!/84N-!51 !"#$%
/8C =! H%!ykkjF!(b =!/#b!w!/8C =!s4N"!#@4!+B+!X-ố+!=4:!tM =!O:%! á
QASSAOUF!+#ỉ!5:-! DC o54:!2&!I#B4!p:
7
V!Oó4!+#- =F!+B+! #&!+- =!+."!m4 #
"#E!_4N !,o!%B'!/#)r =!/#:%!=4:!2&C!/#]!/8)r =!_#4!#L!+ó!()*+!+B+!(< !#& =
2)*/!X-:!%b+!ykkVkkk!(f !wkkVkkk!51 !"#$%!QR45#4%:F!ykk5u!yy8UV!p)* =!+`-
7
7
Số!m4N-!2Y!G4N/!O:%!()*+!/#:%!_#1C!/ừ!?@!;M =!: !2&!?@!;M =! =#4N"!Q+#):!, /!01 UV!I8C =!+B+! )3+
ASSAOF!/#]!/8)r =!,o!%B'!m3 ! #./!m&! DC o54:!QwFk8!/84N-!,o!/8C =! H%!ykkwUF!/4f"!/#oC!m&!I#B4!p: !QyFll
/84N-!,o! H%!ykk5UV!To%!R45#4%:!Qykk5UF!/8V!yy5V
gR#($6p$@!U1$;(!$O(a$%L#$C:$*+q#I$;N#I$#I(!.O$(P$*+Q
Chi phí
đơn vị
Sản l ợng
Sử dụng nhiều lao động
Sử dụng nhiều vốn

PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
@4!(]:!#& =! H%!y!/84N-!,o!%B'!m&!(9!(J!#."!Dẫ !+B+! #&!51 !, /!m4 #!"#E
_4N !(`-!/)!/86+!/4f"! )3+! =C&4!(f !(`-!/)!2&C!G4N/!O:%!2&!+W #!/8: #!234!+B+
#&!51 !, /!_#B+V!I#P/!8:!+B+! #&!mắ"!8B"!,o!%B'!#4N ! :'!(ã!+ó!/#J!/>%!_4f%
=-c !+- =!+."!m4 #!"#E!_4N !/ừ!+1!+B+! #&!(`-!/)!/86+!/4f"! )3+! =C&4!2&!+B+
#&!+- =!+."!m4 #!"#E!_4N ! @4!(]:V!I-'! #4d F!#L!2ẫ !"#14! #P"!_#$-!#Cặ+!/6
51 !, /!m4 #!_4N !(@ =!+<V!
Z- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =! @4!(]:!+9:!+B+!51 !"#$%!(4N ~(4N !/e!(: =!"#B/!/84J
_#B! #: #F! #) =!D- =!m)* =!/-'N/!(ố4!2ẫ !+i ! #ỏ!5C!234!D- =!m)* =!+9:!+B+
)3+!ASSAOV!Gí!DEF!DC: #!5ố!#& =! H%!2Y!/424!ở!G4N/!O:%!m&!_#C1 =!lFj!(f
lF5!/84N-!+#4f+F!/8C =!_#4!ở!I#B4!p: !m&!yFy!(f !yFj!/84N-!+#4f+
8
V!Z- =!m)* =! &'
(ã!0:C!=c%!+1!m)* =!, /!_#$-! d ! f-!+#ỉ!/í #!84d =!m)* =!/4d-!/#E!/8C =! )3+
/#>!D- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!G4N/!O:%!+i ! #ỏ!#< ! #4Y-V!G4N/!O:%!51 !, /!yFy
/84N-!/424!/8C =! H%!ykkw!QIổ =!+E+!I#ố =!_d![ASO]F!ykk5u!wwvU
v
F!/8C =!_#4
R:m:'54:!51 !, /!vFv!/84N-!%B'!2&!I#B4!p: !51 !, /!xF5!/84N-!%B'!/8C =! H%
ykkj!QRW =!/4 !/b+!;#n-!á ~!Oo}5!Oo/!A54:![OOA]F!ykk5u!7vUV!G>!D- =!m)* =
/#]!/8)r =!G4N/!O:%!+i ! #ỏ! d !+B+! #&!51 !, /!m4 #!"#E!_4N !O#P/!?1
/#)r =!%-ố !, /!_#$-!+B+!m4 #!_4N !+9:!#L!51 !, /!ở!I#B4!p: !2&!R:m:'54:
5: =!G4N/!O:%!#< !m&!+#."! #P !894!8C!(`-!/)!2&C!G4N/!O:%V!I8C =!_#4!+B+! #&
+- =!+."!m4 #!_4N ! #6:!(ã!/#:%!=4:!2&C!/#]!/8)r =!G4N/!O:%!/#>!+B+! #&!+- =
+."!m4 #!"#E!_4N !(4N !/e!2ẫ !+i !8./!í/!ỏ4!2>!#L!+` !"#14!+ó!m)* =!(ặ/!#& =!/ố4
/#4J-!m3 !#< V!R@/! #&!mắ"!8B"!/424! ó4!8g =! #&!%B'!+9:!#L!ở!R:m:'54:!+ó!/#J
%-:!/./!+1!+B+!m4 #!"#E!_4N !/W4!R:m:'54:F!_J!+1!+B+!m4 #!"#E!_4N !(4N !/eF! #) =
_#M =!/#J!m&%!()*+! #)!2P'!ở!G4N/!O:%V!
tố4!234! =& #!M!/M!/#>!D- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!+i ! #ỏ!#< !8./! #4Y-V!I8C =! H%
ykk5F!+`-! @4!(]:!(ố4!234!,o!D-!m]+#!m&!w5Vkkk!+#4f+F!/8C =!_#4!ở!I#B4!p: !m&!l

/84N-V!R@/! #&!51 !, /!,o!D-!m]+#!+#C!04f/F!#L!+` !"#14!+ó!m)* =!(ặ/!#& =!/ố4
/#4J-!m&!jkkVkkk!,o!/#>!%34!(W/!()*+!#4N-!X-1!X-'!%MF!2&!+C !5ố! &'!,."!,ỉ
D- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!+9:!R:m:'54:!2&! DC o54:V!Rặ+!Dù!/#]!/8)r =! #ỏ! #) =
+B+! #&!51 !, /!M!/M!O#P/!?1 !2ẫ !D-'!/8>!51 !, /!/W4!G4N/!O:%!2>!#L!_a!2L =
8g =!/#]!/8)r =!G4N/!O:%!234!Dn !5ố!#< !8k!/84N-! =)r4!5ẽ!"#B/!/84J !#< !/8C =
/)< =!m:4V!I-'! #4d F! #4Y-! #&!mắ"!8B"!O#P/!?1 !(: =!/ỏ!8:!/#./!2L =!_#4!/#]
8
8
Số!m4N-!DC!%@/! #&!mắ"!8B"!(4N !/e!=4:!DE =!+- =!+."!/8C =!/-` !m[!mắ =! =#o!q!_4f !DC: #! =#4N"V!G>!5ố
m)* =!+B+! #&!51 !, /!IG!ở!G4N/!O:%!Q7!+M =!/'U!2&! ở!I#B4!p: !Qx!+M =!/'U!=` ! #)!_#M =!/#:'!(ổ4! d
D- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!/8- =!0> #!+#C!%74! #&!mắ"!8B"!ở!G4N/!O:%! #ỏ!#< !ở!I#B4!p: V
v
I-'! #4d F!51 !m)* =!yFy!/84N-!D)r =! #)!X-B!m3 !5C!234!/#]!/8)r =! @4!(]:!m&!lFj!(f !lF5!/84N-!+#4f+!Qm)-!q
8g =!m)* =!IG!, /!_#$-!+9:!G4N/!O:%!_#M =!m3 UV
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
tố4!234! =& #!(4N ~(4N !/eF!, /!_#$-!+B+!51 !"#$%!+-ố4!+ù =!+ó!_í+#!/#)3+!+c =
_Y #! #)!%B'!=4ặ/!#:'!/9!mW #!m&!_#M =!"#ù!#*"!+#ỉ!/8ừ!_#4!+B+!51 !"#$%!/8C =
)3+!+ó!+#4!"#í!8./!/#."!(9!(J!0ù!(ắ"!+#4!"#í!2P !+#-'J V!O=)*+!mW4!+B+!51 !"#$%
+ó!_í+#!/#)3+! #ỏ! #)!/#4f/!0]! =CW4!24F!/#4f/!0]!n%!/#: #!#4~{4!/#)r =!()*+!51
, /!/W4!%@/!(]:!(4J%!5:-!(ó!()*+!"#n !"#ố4!8@ =!8ã4!/8d !/#]!/8)r =!/#f!=434V!Gí
DEF!%@/!+M =!/'!mắ"!8B"!/#4f/!0]!%B'!/í #!ở!G4N/!O:%!Qm&!DC: #! =#4N"!51 !, /
, /!_#$-~S\SU!, /!_#$-!()*+!lFy!/84N-!+#4f+!%B'!4 !%@/!/#B =!/#oC!#> #!/#b+
v
gR#($_p${(U$#v#I$VBW*$](|B
/8)r =!M!/M!%34!(: =!=41%!,-ố =!8õ!8N/!/8C =! #^ =! H%!=` !(n'!DC! #^ =
/#:'!(ổ4!+#í #!5B+#! #)!24N+!/H =!/#-f!/4d-!/#E!(ặ+!04N/!2&!+#C!"#é"! #P"!_#$-
,o!+ũV!O#^ =! #&!51 !, /! &'!+i !mC!mắ =!8g =!/> #!/8W =!/ắ+! =#ẽ !=4:C!/#M =
2&!/:4! W !=4:C!/#M =!(: =!D4[ !8:! =&'!%@/! =#4d%!/8L =!+ũ =!+ó!/#J!m&!%@/
/8C =! #^ =!mq!DC!+1 !/8ở!56!"#B/!/84J !+9:!/#]!/8)r =!M!/MV!s< ! ^:F! f-!_#M =
+ó! #^ =!+#í #!5B+#!#*"!mqF!24N+!/H =!m)* =!,o!/#:%!=4:!=4:C!/#M =!5ẽ!_éC!/#oC

#^ =!2. !(Y!2Y!%M4!/8)r =! =#4d%!/8L =F!(ặ+!04N/!m&!M! #4[%!_#M =!_#íF! #)
ở!?: =_C_!#:'!J:_:8/:V
fp${(U$#v#I$VBW*$](|B$
R@/!/8C =! #^ =!"#)< =!+B+#!(J!2)*/!X-:!56!#W !#ẹ"!+9:!/#]!/8)r =!/8C =! )3+
m&!/>%!_4f%!/#]!/8)r =!, /!_#$-V!tố4!234!+B+! #&!+- =!+."!m4 #!_4N !(4Y-! &'
+ó!/#J!/4f !#& #!/86+!/4f"!/#M =!X-:!24N+!, /!_#$-!m4 #!_4N !#Cặ+!/4f !#& #!=4B
/4f"!/#M =!X-:!24N+!+- =!+."!m4 #!_4N !+#C!+B+! #&!mắ"!8B"! @4!(]:!+ó!_#1! H =
, /!_#$-!+B+!51 !"#$%!+-ố4!+ù =V
Dung l ợng xuất khẩu lớn
Xuất khẩu gián tiếp
Xuất khẩu trực tiếp
linh phụ kiện
Nhà lắp ráp
Cầu nội địa thấp
Nhà cung cấp linh
phụ kiện Việt Nam
Nhà cung cấp
linh phụ kiện
FDI
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
)-!(ã4!+9:!DC: #! =#4N"!_#-!+#f!, /V!I8C =!_#4!(ó!%@/!DC: #! =#4N"!51 !, /
#& =!(4N !/e!Dn !DE =!_#B+!#4N !(: =!"#E+!2E!/#]!/8)r =! @4!(]:F!+ó!_f!#CW+#
+#-'J !(ổ4!/#& #!+M =!/'!, /!_#$-F!234!(4Y-!_4N !%M4!/8)r =!+#í #!5B+#!+14!/#4N
+ó!/#J!=4ú"!=41%!+#4!"#íV
;#í #!5B+#!/#ú+!($'!+W #!/8: #!2Y!=4B!/8C =! =& #!(4N ~(4N !/e!()*+!%C =!%ỏ4
#./!m&!+#í #!5B+#!+ắ/!=41%!/#-f!m4 #!_4N !Q,-ố =!+i !k%!#:'!í/! #./!/#."!#<
04J-!/#-f!;S\I!(ố4!234!51 !"#$%!+-ố4!+ù =!Q5%!#Cặ+!/#."!#< UUV!O#4Y-! #&!51
, /!(4N !/e!=4:!DE =!+#C!8g =!24N+!+ắ/!=41%!#< ! ^:!/#-f!m4 #!_4N !2&! =-'d
2P/!m4N-!m&!+` !/#4f/!(J!DC: #! =#4N"!+ó!/#J!/4f"!/E+!/c !/W4!2&!+#-$ !0]!+#C!_f
#CW+#!/)< =!m:4!D&4!#W !#< V!I-'! #4d F!%@/!5ố! #&!51 !, /!+ũ =!0ổ!5- =!/#d%

8g =F!/#P%!+#í! f-!%b+!/#-f!m4 #!_4N !+#ỉ!+i !k%!/#>!=4B!/#& #!+B+!51 !"#$%!+-ố4
+ù =!()*+!mắ"!8B"!/W4!G4N/!O:%!2ẫ ! #ỉ #!#< !+B+!51 !"#$%!+ù =!mCW4!()*+!mắ"
8B"!/W4!R:m:'54:!#:'!I#B4!p: V!t4Y-! &'!DC!+#4!"#í!2P !+#-'J !+B+!m4 #!_4N ! #P"
_#$-!m&!/)< =!(ố4!+:CV!R@/! #&!mắ"!8B"!/#4f/!0]!(4N !/e!Dn !DE =!%C =!%-ố !=41%
03/!+#4!"#í!#P-!+` !0g =!+B+#!/ổ!+#b+!mW4!#CW/!(@ =! #P"!_#$-! #g%!=41%!03/!+#4
"#í!m)-!_#C!2&!8ú/! =ắ !/#r4!=4: !=4:C!#& =V!t4Y-! &'!_#M =!+#ỉ!+ó!#4N-!X-1!/8C =
=ắ !#W !%&!2Y!mn-!D&4!5ẽ!/#ú+!($'!24N+!%-:!m4 #!_4N !/8C =! )3+V!Of-!+B+! #&
mắ"!8B"!+B+!51 !"#$%!+-ố4!+ù =!%ở!8@ =!51 !, /!%@/!+B+#!%W #!%ẽF!+B+! #&
+- =!+."!#4N !/#r4!5ẽ! #P !()*+! #4Y-!(< !(ặ/!#& =!#< !2&!(4Y-! &'!5ẽ!_#4f !+#C
#4Y-!+M =!/'!+- =!+."!m4 #!_4N !/>%!_4f%!+<!#@4!(`-!/)!ở!G4N/!O:%V!!
R@/!+B+#!_#B+!(J!/H =!+)r =!, /!_#$-!m&!, /!_#$-!/86+!/4f"!+B+!m4 #!_4N V!tJ
m&%!()*+!(4Y-!(óF!%@/!+n-!#ỏ4!X-: !/8L =!()*+!(ặ/!8:!m&!/í #!+W #!/8: #!X-ố+!/fV
;#ỉ!+ó! #^ =!m4 #!_4N !/#C1!%ã !+B+!(4Y-!_4N !5:-!%34!+ó!_#1! H =!, /!_#$-V
I#b! #./F! #^ =!51 !"#$%! &'!"#14!(W/!()*+!/í #!+W #!/8: #!2Y!+#4!"#í!0g =
+B+#!_#:4!/#B+!/84N/!(J!+B+!m*4!/#f!/)< =!(ố4!+9:!G4N/!O:%! #)!m:C!(@ =!8ẻ!2&!+`
+ùV!I#b!#:4F!+B+!m4 #!_4N !2&! =-'d !m4N-!5e!DE =!/8C =!X-B!/8> #!51 !, /!"#14
+ó!+#4!"#í!/#."!2&!%b+!/#-f!5 /!"#14!0g =!k%!#Cặ+!8./!/#."V!I#b!0:F!+B+!51
"#$%! &'!"#14!+ó!_í+#!/#)3+!/)< =!(ố4! #ỏ!=L !2&!=4B!/8]!+:CV!I#b!/)F!#N!/#ố =
+B+!D]+#!2E!#P-!+` !"#14!#C& !/#4N ! #g%!/ố4!/#4J-!#CB!+#4!"#í!2&!/#r4!=4: !2P
+#-'J V!Oó4!+B+#!_#B+!+B+!m4 #!_4N !, /!_#$-!"#14!+ó!#&%!m)* =!m:C!(@ =!+:CF
_í+#!+ỡ! #ỏ!=L !2&!=4B!/8]!m3 V!O=C&4!8:F! #^ =!m4 #!_4N ! &'!"#14!m&! #^ =!0@
"#P z+#4!/4f/!_#M =!(i4!#ỏ4!X-4!(] #! =#4d%! =ặ/!2Y!/#r4!=4: !=4:C!#& =V!IW4!G4N/
O:%!Dn'!Dẫ !5e!DE =!+#C!M!/M!()*+!, /!_#$-!/86+!/4f"!/)< =!(ố4! #4Y-V!I-'
#4d !5ố!m)* =! #^ =!m4 #!_4N !_4J-! &'!2ẫ !+i !8./!í/V
I-'! #4d !%@/!2. !(Y!(ặ+!04N/!+` !m)-!q!m&!+B+!X-'f/!(] #!, /!_#$-!_#M =! g%
/8C =!/`%!/:'!+9:!+B+!/ổ =!=4B%!(ố+!+B+!+M =!/'!O#P/!?1 !/W4!G4N/!O:%V!
lk
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com
t`-!8:F!, /!_#$-F! #P"!_#$-!+9:!%74!+M =!/'!+C !/W4! )3+! =C&4!m&!%@/!#*"
"#` !/8C =!+#4f !m)*+!/C& !+`-!+9:!+B+!+M =!/'!(:!X-ố+!=4:!O#P/!?1 !QRO;5UV

t4Y-! &'!DC!+M =!/'!%ẹ!X-'f/!(] #!/-a!/#-@+!2&C!24N+!(] #!2]!DC: #! =#4N"
/8C =!+#-74!=4B!/8]!2&!%W =!m)34!51 !, /!/C& !+`-V!O#)!2P'!+W #!/8: #!2Y!+#4
"#í!m&!/4d-!+#í! #./!/#4f/!()*+!+M =!/'!%ẹ!m6:!+#L !(J!/8ở!/#& #!+b!(4J%!, /
_#$-V!O#4Y-!+M =!/'!O#P/!?1 !/W4!G4N/!O:%F!(ặ+!04N/!m&!+B+!+M =!/'!+#):!+ó
=4.'!"#é"!, /!_#$-F! =#ĩ!8g =!+#4!"#í!51 !, /!+9:!%> #!+#):!(9!/#."!(J!/8ở
/#& #!DC: #! =#4N"!, /!_#$-V!ZC!2P'!+B+!+M =!/'! &'!(i4!#ỏ4!=:'!=ắ/!24N+
=41%!/#-f! #P"!_#$-!2Y!m4 #!_4N !2&! =-'d !2P/!m4N-V!I8C =!_#4!+B+!04J-!/#-f
+9:!;S\I!(ố4!234!51 !"#$%!+-ố4!+ù =!=41%!,-ố =!5%!2&!/#."!#< ! ^:!2&C
/#B =!l! H%!ykkx!/#>!"#` !m3 !+B+!m4 #!_4N ! #P"!_#$-!/ừ!+B+! )3+! =C&4
ASSAO!2ẫ !+i !D-'!/8>!ở!%b+!+:C!#< !5%V!A` !(n'!/#-f! #P"!_#$-!(ố4!234
+B+!m4 #!_4N !(4N !/e!(ã!#W!/#."!DC!'d-!+`-!+9:!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!O#P/!?1 !2&
s& !Q-ố+F! #) =!%b+!/#-f!5 /!/8- =!0> #!2ẫ !=4^!ở!%b+!xFx%V
I)< =!/6! #)!2P'! f-!+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!O#P/!?1 !/W4!G4N/!O:%!+ó!D6!(] #!, /
_#$-!+B+!m4 #!_4N !/86+!/4f"!/#>!_f!#CW+#!(ó!"#14!"#ù!#*"!234!+#4f !m)*+!/C&
+`-!+9:!+M =!/'!%ẹV!;M =!/'!Dn'!Dẫ !O#P/!?1 !(f !/#]!/8)r =!G4N/!O:%!234
%E+!/4d-!0: !(`-!m&!+- =!+."!m4 #!_4N !+#C!+B+!+M =!/'!mắ"!8B"!/W4!G4N/!O:%V
I-'! #4d !+M =!/'! &'!(ã!+#-'J !#)3 =!5: =!/#]!/8)r =!, /!_#$-F!0ở4!/#]
/8)r =! @4!(]:!X-B! #ỏ!(J!54 #!m*4! #-P F!2&!56!+#-'J !#)3 =! &'!()*+!+M =
/'!%ẹ!+#."!/#-P V
}p$/IB~#$#(`#$=^;$;N#I$#I(!.O$;(W*$=KQ#I$;0q
K#4!2. !(Y!2Y!D- =!m)* =!/#]!/8)r =!()*+!=414!X-'f/!/#>! #n !/ố!X-: !/8L =! #./
+#C!56!"#B/!/84J !mn-!D&4!+9:!+B+! =& #!+M =! =#4N"!+#f!/WC!ở!G4N/!O:%!m&! =-c
m:C!(@ =!+ó!_ỹ! H =!+:C!Q/#-P/! =^!/#oC!/4f =!tb+!D& #!+#C! =)r4!m:C!(@ =!+ó
_ỹ! H =!+:C!/8C =!+B+! =& #!+#f!/WC!m&!VW*X&W!UV!ở G4N/!O:%F! =)r4!/:!/#)r =
+#C!8g =! #^ =!#W !+#f!+9:! =& #!+M =! =#4N"!+#9!'f-!m&!DC!/#4f-! =-c !/&4
+#í #!(J!%-:!5ắ%!+B+!/#4f/!0]!#4N !(W4V!I-'! #4d F!/#oC!X-: !(4J%!+9:!#`-!#f/
+B+!DC: #! =#4N"!O#P/!?1 !/#>! =-c ! #n !m6+!+i !X-: !/8L =!#< ! #4Y-!%B'
%ó+!#4N !(W4V!R@/! #&!51 !, /!G4N/!O:%!+#-'d !+- =!+."!+B+!51 !"#$%! #6:
+#C!+B+!+M =!/'!+9:!O#P/!?1 !2&!Rỹ!(ã!+#4:!5ẻ!8g =!#L!+` !+M =! #n !+ó!/8> #
(@!_ỹ!/#-P/!+:C!+#b!_#M =!"#14!%B'!%ó+!/ố4!/n F!2&!+M =! #n !+ó!/8> #!(@!+:C

2P !#& #!%B'!%ó+!+ũ!/#P%!+#í!+i !#4N-!X-1!#< !+M =! #n !_#M =!+ó!/8> #!(@
2P !#& #!%B'!%34V!;ù =!X-: !(4J%!(óF!%@/!+#-'d !=4:! =)r4!O#P/!+#C!8g =
24N+!mắ"!8B"!#Cặ+!2P !#& #!%B'!%ó+!(< !=41 !_#M =!/#J!/WC!8:!_#1! H =!+W #
ll
PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com