CHUN ÂÃƯ NGỈỴ PHẠP
LESSON 1: TENSES IN ENGLISH
( Cạc thç trong tiãúng Anh)
TENSES IN ENGLISH (cạc thç trong tiãúng Anh)
PHÁƯN A: L THUÚT
Tenses Form Trảng tỉì
thỉåìng gàûp
Cach dng & vê dủ
1.The S.
present
(Thç Hiãûn tải
âån)
S + bare-V/V-s/V-es
S+do/does+ NOT+ bare-V
Do/Does+ S+ bare-V ?

- always, ofen,
usually,frequentyl
y
sometimes=occasi
onally,
rarely=seldom,
once or tiwce a
week, never
*1 thọi quen hiãûn tải-
- ex: He usually (go)
goes
t

o school in the morning
* 1 sỉû tháût hiãøn nhiãn hay 1 chán l-

- ex: The sun (rise)
rises
in the East.
2. The
Present
Continuous
(Thç HT tiãúp
diãùn)
S+ am/is/ are+ V-ing
S + am/is/are+ NOT+ V-ing
Am/is/are+ S+ V-ing?
at the moment, at
the time,Verb!
(look!, listen!, be
quiet)
at present = now
* 1 sỉû viãûc âang tiãúp diãùn åí hiãûn tải
- It (rain)
is raining
now.
- Lan (eat)
is eating a
t preent
- Listen! She (sing)
is singing
3. The
Present
Perfect
(Thç HT hon
thnh)

S + have/has + V3/Ved
S + have/has +NOT+ V3/V-
ed
Have/Has + S + V3/V-ed?
for + khong tgian
since + âiãøm tgian
never, ever, just =
recently = lately,
so far = up to now
= up to the
present= until
now,already,
yet,this is the first
* 1 sỉû viãûc xy ra trong QK khäng cọ thåìi gian xạc âënh r.
ex: She (vêsit)
has visited
Ha Long Bay several times.
* 1 sỉû viãûc xy ra åí QK cn tiãúp diãùn åí hiãûn tải, dng “for”
hồûc “since”
- We (learn)
have learnt
English for 7 years.
- My mother (be)
has been
sick sinse yesterday
* 1 sỉû viãûc vỉìa måïi xy ea, dng “just” hồûc “recently”
- Lan (just buy)
has just bought
a new shirt.
CHUN ÂÃƯ NGỈỴ PHẠP

time , several
times.
4. The
Present
perfect
continuous
(Thç hiãûn tải
hon thnh tiãúp
diãùn)
S + have/has + been + V-
ing
S+have/has+NOT+been+V-
ing
Have/Has + S + been + V-
ing?
for + khong tgian
since + âiãøm tgian
so far = up to now
= up to the
present= until
now
* Giäúng thç hiãûn tải hon thnh nhỉng nháún mảnh 1 sỉû viãûc bàõt
âáưu trong QK kẹo di âãún hiãûn tải v cn tiãúp tủc åí tỉång lai.
- She (wait)
has been waiting
to see you since 2 o’ clock .
- He (work)
has been working
in this factory for 4 years.
5. The Simple

Past
(Thç Quạ Khỉï
âån)
S + V2/V-ed
S + did + NOT + bare-V
Did +S + bare- V?
- Yessterday, last
(last week /month/
year ), ago, in +
year(in 2000 )
* 1 sỉû viãûc xy ra v cháúm dỉït trong QK cọ thåìi gian xạc âënh
r.
- She (meet)
met


him yesterday.
- Mr Pike (stay)
stayed
here last night
* 1 thọi quen åí QK v cháúm dỉït åí hiãûn tải (= used to + bare -V)
ex: He (go)
went/ used to go
fishing with his father when he
a children
6. The Past
Continuous
(Thç Quạ Khỉï
Tiãúp Diãùn)
S + was/ were + V-ing

S + was/ were + NOT + V-
ing
Was/ were + S + V-ing?
At the time, at the
moment, at
present, at 5 P.m/
at 5 o’clock +
Thåìi gian Quạ
Khỉï
* 1 sỉû viãûc xy ra åí 1 thåìi âiãøm củ thãø våïi thåìi gian xạc âënh r
trong QK.
- At this time last night, she (study)
was studying
lessons at
home.
* 2 sỉû viãûc xy ra cng 1 lục v kẹo di tải mäüt thåìi âiãøm trong
QKhỉï.
- My mother (cook)
was cooking
while my father (watch)
was watching


TV.
* 2 sỉû viãûc cng xy ra teong QK, trong 1 SV dang tiãúp diãùn
(dng thç QK tiãúp diãùn) v 1 Sv khạc âäüt ngäüt xy ra (QK âån)
-When he ( drive) was driving, he (see) saw a serious
accident.
CHUYN ệ NGặẻ PHAẽP
7. The Past

Perfect :(Thỗ
QKHoaỡn Thaỡnh)
S + had + V3/ V-ed
S + had + NOT + V3/ V-ed
Had + S + V3/ V-ed?
Caùc tổỡ thổồng
duỡng: before,
after, by,
*Dióựn taớ 1 haỡnh õọỹng hoaỡn tỏỳt trổồùc tgzin hoỷc haỡnh õoỹng khaùc
trong QK
- Before 1975, he (work)
had worked
in that factory
- When I (come
) come
, he (leave)
had left
- After he (graduate)
had graduated
, he (go)
went
abroad.
8. The Past
Perfect :(Thỗ
QKHoaỡn Thaỡnh
tióỳp dióựn)
S + had + been + V-ing
S + had + NOT + been + V-
ing
Had + S + been + V-ing?

Caùc tổỡ thổồng
duỡng: before,
after, by,
* Dióựn taớ 1 haỡnh õoỹng xaớy ra vaỡ keùo daỡi trong quaù khổù cho õeùn
khi coù haỡnh õọỹnh quaù khổù thổù 2 khaùc xaớy ra ( haỡnh õọỹng naỡy
duỡng thỗ quaù khổù õồn) vaỡ thồỡi gian keùo daỡi thổồỡng nóu roợ trong
cỏu.
- They (play)
had been playing
card for 2 hours before I
came.
9. The Simple
future (Thỗ
Tổồng Lai õồn)
S + will/ shall + bare-V
S + will/shall + NOT + bare-
V
Will/Shall + S + bare-V?
Tomorrow, next
(next week/
month/ year ),
someday,
*dióựn taớ 1 haỡnh õọỹng seợ xaớy ra trong tổồng lai.
- Tomorrow he (visit )
will viisit
me.
- She (stay)
will stay
at next Monday.
*** Mọỹt sọỳ trổồỡng hồỹp lổu yù:

1. Mọỹt sọỳ õọỹng tổỡ khọng dổỷoc duỡng ồớ thỗ tióỳp dióựn nhổ: be, see, hear, feel, taste, know, understand, like, hate, want, need, love,
prefer, remember, forget, realize, believe, seem, suppose,
Ex: They want to go for a walk
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP
PHÁÖN B : BAÌI TÁÛP
Choose a, b, c or d that best completes each sentence:
I will see him when he here tomorrow.
a. comes b. will come c. has come d. had come
The boys broke a window when they football.
a. played b. were playing c. haf played d. are playing
What to you yesterday?
a. happened b. did happen c. had happen d. was happening
It was the most exciting film I .
a. never saw b. ever saw c. had ever seen d. have ever seen
He said that he his work since 7 o’clock.
a. Did b. has done c. had done d. would do
I about him when suddenly he came in.
a. talk b. talked c. am talking d. was talking
Please don’t touch anything before .
a. the police will come b. the police comes
c. the police come d. the police would come
“When ?” - In 1928
a. penicillin was discovered b. was penicillin discovered
b. did penicillin discovered d. did penicillin discover
They have been in love with each other they were young
a. while b. until c. for d. since
Do you know what there yesterday?
a. she is doing b. was doing c. did she do d. she did
At present, that author a historical novel.
a. is writing b. was writing c. has written d. had written

By next month, I my first novel.
a. will finish b. am going to finish
b. finish d. will have finished
I the money from him yet.
a. haven’t received b. don’t receive c. will receive d. am receiving
Don’t make noise. My mother with her friend.
a. is talking b. was talking c. talks d. talked
the teacher gave me a passing grade.
a. After taking the test b. After I take the test
b. After I took the test d. After I had taken the test
No sooner the office than the phone rang
a. was he leaving b. he was leaving c. he had left d. had he left
17. How many times there so far? A few times.
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP
a. have you been b. would you be c. were you d. had you been
18. It’s at least a month since Tom.
a. I last seen b. I last see c. I have last seen d. I last saw
19. Up to then, I such a big fire.
a. have never seen b. had never seen c. never seen d. never see
20. I her since I a student.
a. know/ am b. knew/ was c. have known/ am d. have known/ was
21. They for 3 hours when the storm suddenly broke.
a. had been running b. have been running c. are running d. will be running
22. I assumed you paying for the repairs until the end of last year.
a. have been b. was been c. are being d. had been
23. get tired of answering the same questions every day?
a. Have you ever b. Had you ever c. Do you ever d. Are you ever
24. She working on that manuscript for 2 year now.
a. will be b. has been c. had been d.is
25. I there once a long time ago and back since.

a. went/have not been b. go/am not c. have gone/was d. was going/had not been
26. She trying to pass her driving test but fails every time.
a. kept b. is keeping c.did want d. keeps
27. I complete silence now while I try this experiment.
a. am wanting b. want c. had wanted d. have wanted
28.The students by Mrs.Monty. However, this week they by Mr.Tanzer.
a. are usually taught/are being taught
b. usually teach/are teaching
c. have usually been taught/have been teaching
d. were usually teaching /are teaching
29. No matter what happens next I help you.
a. am b. have c. will d.would
30. In the last hundred years, traveling much easier and more comfortable.
a. becomes b. has become c. became d. will become
31. In the 19th century, it two or three months to cross North America by covered
wagon.
a. took b. had taken c. had taken d.was taking
32. In the past the trip very rough and often dangeruos, but things a great deal in
the last hundred and fifty years.
a. was/have changed b. is/change c. had been/will change
d.hasbeen/changed
33. Now you from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.
a. are flying b. would fly c. will fly d. can fly
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP
34. When Carol last night, I my favorite show on television.
a. was calling/watched b. called/have watched
c. called/was watching d. had called/watched
35.By this time next summer, you your studies.
a.completes b.will complete c.are completing d. will have completed
36. Right now, Jim the newspaper and kathy dinner.

a. reads/has cooked b. is reading/is cooking
c.has read/was cooking d. read/will be cooking
37. Last night at this time, they the same thing. She and he the newspaper.
a. are doing/is cooking/is reading b. were doing/was cooking/was reading
c. was doing/has cooked/is reading d. had done/was cooking/read
38. When I home last night, I that Jane a beautiful candle light dinner.
a. had arrived/discovered/preparing
b. was arriving/has discovered/was preparing
c. have arrived/was discovering/had prepared
d. arrived/discovered/was preparing
39.The sun late in winter.
a. is rising always b. rises always c. is always rising d. always rises
40. While I Tv last night, a mouse ran across the floor.
a. watch b. watched c. was watching d. am watching
41.This is the most intersting novel
a. I’ve read b. I had read c. I’ve never read d. I’ve ever read
42. When it began to rain, they in the yard.
a. played b. had played c.were playing d. have played
43.I haven’t seen you
a. since a long time b. for ages c. ages d. for long existence
44. It every day so far this week.
a. rained b. has rained c. rains d. is raining
45. I any letter from him yet.
a. haven’t received b. will receive c. don’t receive d. didn’t receive
46. We to Dalat several times. It’s a foggy city.
a. were b. have been c. were being d. had been
47. Be careful! The bus near.
a. will come b. will be coming c. is coming d. has come
48.I haven’t met him since he school.
a. left b. was leaving c. had left d. was left

49. My uncle on this farm since he was 20.
a. has worked b. have worked c. worked d. was working
50. It me 15 minutes to go to school every morning.
CHUYN ệ NGặẻ PHAẽP
a. takes b. has taken c. is takening d. took
51. When I woke up this morning, it
a. rained b. was raining c. has rained d. is raining
52. He London 2 years ago and I him since then.
a. left/ hadnt seen b. left/ havent seen
c. was living/ havent seen d. left/ didnt seen
53. By the time Tom got back,Peter
a. have gone b. went c. will go d. had gone
LESSON 2: PASSIVE VOICE
( THỉ Bậ ĩNG)
PHệN A: LYẽ THUYT
I. Cọng thổùc chung : BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
II. Cọng thổùc cuớa tổỡng thỗ:
TENSES ACTIVE PASSIVE
1. The simple present S + bare - V/ V-s/es S + am/is /are + PP
2. The pre. Continuous S + am/ is/ are + v-ing S+ am/is / are/ + being + PP
3. The present perfect S + have/ has + PP S + have/ has + been + PP
4. The simple past S + V2/ V-ed S + was/ were + PP
5. The past continuous S + was/ were + V- ing S + was/ were + be+ V -ing
6. The past perfect S + have/ has + PP S + have/has + been + PP
7. The simple future S + will/ shall + bare-V S + will/ shall + be + PP
8. The near future S+ am/ is/ are going to+ bareV S+am/is/are going to+be+PP
9. The Modal verbs S + can/could/may + bare-V S + can/could/may + be + PP
CHUN ÂÃƯ NGỈỴ PHẠP
III. Quy tàõc âäøi tỉì cáu ch âäüng sang cáu bë âäüng:
1. Xạc âënh S, V, O ca cáu ch âäüng.

2. Hoạn âäøi SvO(S ca ch âäüng lm O ca bë âäng, O ca ch âäüng lm S ca bë âäüng)
3. Chuøn V tỉì dảng ch âäüng sang dảng bë âäüng
4. Thãm giåïi tỉì “by” trỉåïc O ca cáu bë âäüng.
IV. Cáúu trục : Ch âäüng : S V O
Bë âäüng : S V ( BY + O)
( BE + PP)
V. Examples:
1. My mother has made that cake.
S V O
That cake has been made by my mother
2. Nam is asking me a lot of questions.
S V O
I am being asked a lot of questions by Nam.
VI. Cạc trỉåìng håüp cáưn lỉu :
1.
S ca cáu ch âäüng l âải tỉì nhán xỉng( he, she, you, they, we ) v cạ tỉì nhỉ: someone,
somebody, anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, thç lỉåüc b O trong cáu bë âäüng.
Ex: Someone has sent me the flowers.
I have been sent the flowers.
She must do all homework before going to bed.
All homework must be done before going to bed.
2. Trảng ngỉỵ chè nåi chäún âàût trỉåïc “by + O bë âäüng”.
Ex: The police found him in the foresst.
He was found in the forest by the police.
3. Trảng ngỉỵ chè thåìi gian âàût sau “by + O bë âäüng”.
Ex: Mr Brown bought the house last week.
The house was bought by Mr Brown last week.
4. Trảng ngỉỵ chè thãø cạch âỉïng giỉỵa “BE + PP”.
Ex: The boss has treated them badly.
They have been badly treated by the boss.

5. Âäúi våïi 1 säú âäüng tỉì cọ 2 tán ngỉỵ thç 1 trong 2 tán ngỉỵ âãưu cọ thãø dng lm ch ngỉỵ trong
cáu bë âäüng; tuy nhiãn tán ngỉỵ chè ngỉåìi thỉåìng âỉåüc sỉí dủng nhiãưu hån.
Ex: He sent me a postcard.
I was sent a postcard.
A postcard was sent to me.
V. Mäüt säú dảng cáu biû âäüng âàûc biãût:
1. Causitive form: ( Thãø nhåì bo): “Have” hồûc “Get”.
CHUYN ệ NGặẻ PHAẽP
a. Have
* chuớ õọỹng : S + have + O.1(person) + bare -V + O.2 ( thing)
* bở õọỹng : S + have + O.2 (thing) + past participle
Ex: I had him repair the roof yesterday.
I had the roof repaired yesterday.
b. Get
* chuớ õọỹng : S + get + O.1(person) + to- inf + O.2 ( thing)
* bở õọỹng : S + get + O.2 (thing) + past participle
Ex: I will get her to cut my hair
I will get my hair cut.
2. Verbs of Opinion: Say, think, believe, know, report, declare
Coù 2 daỷng bở õọỹng:
* chuớ õọỹng: S1 + V of pinion + (that) + clause (S2+V + O)
* bở õọỹng : It + be + V of opinion ( PP) + (that) + clause.
Hoỷc: S2 + be + V of opinion (PP) + to-inf
Ex: - They said that John is the brightest student in class.
It is said that John is the brightest student in class.
John is said to be the brightest student in class.
- They knew that Mary won the competition.
It was known that Mary had won the competition
Mary was known to have won the competition.
3. Verbs of perception ( ọỹng tổỡ chố giaùc quan): see, watch, hear,

* chuớ õọỹng : S + V + O + bare - inf / V-ing
* bở õọỹng : S + Be + V (PP) + to-inf/ V-ing
Ex: - People saw him steal your car.
He was seen to steal your car.
- The teacher is watching them work.
They are being watched working by the teacher.
PHệN B: BAèI TP
I. Choose the best answer:
1. Those eggs of different colors are very artistic. Yes, they in Russia
a.were painted b. were paint c. were painting d. painted
2. David is in prison for smoking drugs He that it was against the law.
is telling b. was told c. told d. tells
3. The maintenance people didnt remove the chairs from ballroom Dont the worry.
They them before the dance begins
a. will have been moved b. will have moved
c. were moved d. moved
4. Gold in California in the 19
th
century.
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP
a. was discovered b. has been discovered
c. was discover d. they discovered
5. that military spending is extremely high.
a.We are felt b. It feels c. It is felt d. We feel that it is
6. They time and money doing such a thing.
a.were advised not to waste b. were advised not to be wasted
c. were advising not to waste d. were advising not to be wasted
7. These students so much that they feel very tired and bored.
a.are made to study b. are made study
c.are making to study d. are made to be studied

8. I in the lounge for ten minutes.
a.was told waiting b. was told to wait
c.was telling to be waited d. was told to be waited
9. The students to be at school at 8 am
a. tell b. told c. have told d. were told
10. Our children to school by bus every morning.
a.take b. are taken c. have taken d. are taking
11. Bicycles in the driveway.
a. must not leave b. must not be leaving
c. must not be left d. must not have left
12. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony next weekend.
a. is going to be performed b. has been performed
c.will be performing d. will have performed
13Reagan an actor years ago.
a. is said to be b. was said being c. was said have been d. is said to have been
14. I hate personal questions by nearly acquainted friends.
a. to be asking b. to be asked c. being asking d. of asking
15. It that learning a foreign language a lot of time.
a. says/ is take b. is saying / has been taken
c. is said/ takes d. was said/ was taken
16.All bottles before transportation.
a. frozen b. were froze c. were frozen d. are froze
17. yet?
a. Have the letters been typed b. Have been the letters typed
c. Have the letters typed d. Had the letters typed
18. English has become a second language in countries like India, Nigeria or Singapore
where for administration, broadcasting and education.
a. is used b. it is used c. used d. being used
19. The telephone by Alexander Graham Bell.
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP

a. is invented b. is inventing c. invented d. was invented
20. Lots of houses by the earthquake.
a. are destroying b. destroyed c. were destroyed d. were destroying
21. In the Us the first stage of compulsory education as elementary education .
a. to be generally known b. is generally known
c. generally known d. is generally knowing
22. .Education to be the most important element to develop a country.
a.often be considered b. can be often considered
c. can often considered d. can often be considered
23. The preparations by the time the guests
a.had been finished / arrived b. have finished
c. had finished / were arriving d. had been finished / were arrived
24 students required to wear uniforms at all times?
a Are b. Do c. Did d. Will
25 to you yet?
a.Are the book been giving back b. Was the book been given back
c. Has been the book given back d. Has the book been given back
26. What he has done to me
a.cannot forgive b. cannot be forgive c. cannot forgive d cannot be forgiving
27 . The keys somewhere.
a.must have been leaving b. must have left
c.must be leaving d. must have been left
28. Japanese at the meeting.
a.will speak b. will spoken c. will be spoken d. will be speaking
29. Although he tried his best, he could not make his voice
a hear b. to hear c. hearing d. heard
30. .in that company?
Do shoes make b. Are shoes be made
c. Shoes are made d. Are shoes made
31. Portuguese as an official language in this city for age.

a.has been spoken b. has been spoken
c.has spoken d. had spoken
32. More than ten victims missing in the storm last week
a.are reported to be b. are reported to have been
c.are reporting to have been d. are reporting to be
33. by your father?
a.Did that book write b. Did that book written
c.Was that book written d. Was that book be writing
34. Something immediately to prevent teenagers from in factories and mines.
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP
a.should be done/ being exploited b. we should do/ exploiting
c. should do / be exploited d. should have done / exploited
35. This car
a.was manufactured in Japan by Toyota last year
b.was manufactured by Toyota last year in Japan
c.was manufactured last year in Japan by Toyota
d.last year was manufactured by Toyota in Japan
36. Why on time?
a.don’t the exercises finish b. weren’t the exercises be finished
c. aren’t the exercises being finished d. aren’t the exercises be finished
37. No longer in our office since it
a.have typewriters been used / computerized
b.typewriters have been used / was computerized
c.have typewriters been used / was computerized
d.typewriters have been used / computerized
38. When ?
a.were computers used first b. were computers first used
c.did computers first use d. are computers first using
39. That machine is useless. It not been used for a long time
a.is b. was c. did d. has

40. Everything that remained a secret
a.overheard b. had been overheard
c.had overheard d. was overhearing
41. The refreshments by Karen.
a.are going to be prepared b. are going to prepare
c are preparing d. are to prepare
42. by the police.
a.The stealing car has just been found b. The stolen car has just been found
b.The stealing car has just found d. The stolen car has just found
43. It it is parents responsibility to take good care of their children.
a. commonly says that b. commonly to be said that
c. is commonly said that d. is commonly saying
44. John a respectful and obedient student.
a. said to be b. is said c. is said being d. is said to be
II. Choose the best answer:
45. People have discovered a new source of energy.
A new source of energy has discovered.
A new source of energy was discovered.
A new source of energy have been discovered
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP
A new source of energy has been discovered
46. People say that he was born in London.
That is said he was born in London.
It was said that he was born in London.
He was said to be born in London.
He is said to have been born in London.
47. We have no seats left for the concert next Sunday.
All the seats for the concert next Sunday have been booked
All the seats were sold for the concert next Sunday.
The concert next Sunday had no seats for us.

No seats left for us for the concert next Sunday.
48.People say Chinese food is the best in the world.
Chinese food is said to be the best in the world.
I agree that Chinese food is the best in the world.
Chinese food is eaten all over the world.
No food in the world is eaten as much as Chinese food.
49. The storm blew a lot of trees down last night.
A lot of trees were blown down last night by the storm.
A lot of trees were cut down last night
The storm could have blown a lot of trees down.
The storm was strong enough to blow down old trees.
CHUN ÂÃƯ NGỈỴ PHẠP
LESSON 3: CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
(CÁU ÂIÃƯU KIÃÛN)
PHÁƯN A: L THUÚT
I. Cáu âiãưu kiãûn loải 1 : Diãùn t 1 gi thiãút cọ thãø xy ra åí hiãûn tải hồûc tỉång lai.
1. Form:
TYPE If clause Main clause Examples
1 Simple present
(bare -V/ Vs-es)
Simple future
( will/ shall/ can/ may + bare -V)
If you study hard, you
will pass the exam.
2 Lỉu :
a. Mãûnh âãư chênh cọ thãø sỉí dủng âäüng tỉì åí dảng mãûnh lãûnh.
Ex: If you see toom, give him this book, please.
b. Mãûnh âãư chênh åí thç Hiãûn tải âån nãúu cáu âiãưu kiãûn diãùn t 1 chán l, 1 sỉû viãûc cọ tháût.
Ex: If water is at 100 degree celcious, it boils.
If you are right, I am wrong.

II. Cáu âiãưu kiãûn loải 2: Diãùn t 1 gi thiãút trại våïi thỉûc tãú hiãûn tải.
TYPE If clause Main clause Examples
2 Past subjunctive
(V2 / V-ed)
be were
Present conditional
( would/ shouldl/could/ might +
bare -V)
If I had a lot money, I
would travel around the
world.
III. Cáu âiãưu kiãûn loải 3: Diãùn t 1 gi thiãút trại våïi thỉûc tãú quạ khỉï.
TYPE If clause Main clause Examples
3 Past perfect
(had + past
participle)
Perfect conditional
( would/ shouldl/could/ might +
have + past participle)
If the weather had been
nice yesterday, I would
have gone the beach
IV. Cạc trỉåìng håüp cáưn lỉu :
1.Cọ thãø lỉåüc b IF nãúu âãø tråü âäüng tỉì âụng trỉåïc ch ngỉỵ
Ex: If I were rich = Were I rich
If I had known = Had I known
2. Unless = If not
Ex: These plants will die unless you water them regularly.
= These plants will be die if you don’t water them regularly.
3. Ngoi IF, cáu âiãưu kiãûn cn bàõt âáưu bàòng nhỉỵng tỉì näúi khạc nhỉ

:
- Provided (that); On condition (that); As long as; So long as ( miãùn l, våïi âiãưu kiãûn l, )
- Suppose, supposing (gi sỉí)
- In case ( trong trỉåìng håüp, phng khi, nhåỵ m, )
- Even if ( d l, cho l )
Ex: I’ll accept the job
provided the
salary is satisfactory.

In case
I forget, please remind me of my promise.
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP

Supposing
you won a lot of money, what would you do?

Even if
we had been invited, we could not have come because we were very busy.
PHÁÖN B: BAÌI TÁÛP
I.Find one choice that best completes the sentences:
1. I am flying to the States tonight.I you a ring if I can find a phone.
a. will give b. would give c. could give d. have given
2. We’ll need more staff we start the new project.
a. unless b. whether c. in case d. or
3. If I 10 years younger, I the job.
a. am/ will take b. was/ have taken
c. had been / will have taken d. were / would take
4. I had learnt English when I was at high school.
a. Unless b. Even if c. If d. If only
5. You are not allowed to use the club’s facilities you are a member.

a. unless b. if c. provided d. supposed
6. If she the train last night , she here now.
a. took / were b. were taking / is
c. had taken / would have been d. had taken / would be
7. if a war happened?
a. What you would do b. What would you do
c. What will you do d. What you will do
8. I would send her a fax if I her namber.
a. know b. knew c. had known d. could know.
9. it were well paid , I would accept this proposal.
a. Providing b. Unless c. But for d. If only
10. more carefully , he would not have had the accident yesterday.
a. If Peter driven b. If had Peter driven
c. Had Peter driven d. Unless Peter had driven.
11. If you to my advice , you in trouble now.
a. listened / were not b. listen / are not
c. had listened / would not have been d. had listened / would not be.
12. If you take the 8 a.m. flight to New York, you change planes.
a. could not have to b. will not have to
c. had not had to d. would not to have to
13. If it warm yesterday , we would have gone to the beach.
a. was b. were c. had been d. could be
14. If it an hour ago , the streets wet now.
a. were raining / will be b. had rained / would be
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP
c. rained / would be d. had rained / would have be
15. here , he would helped us with there troubles.
a. Were Peter b. If were Peter c. Unless were Peter d. Unless Peter were.
16. that problem with the car , we wouldn’t have missed the speech.
a. If we had had b. If had we had

c. Unless we had had d. Provided that we had had
17. If I were a little taller , I be able to water tha plant on the top shelf.
a. did b. would c. had d. would have.
18. If you hear from Susan today , her to ring me.
a. tell b. to tell c. telling d. will tell.
19. She had to have the operation
a. unless she would dies b. if she would die
c. otherwise she will die d. or she would die
20. If the traffic bad , I may get home late.
a. is b. were c. was d. had been
21. If it last night , it so hot today.
a. rained / is not b. was raining / were not
c. had rained / would not have been d. had rained / would not be
22. Without your recommendation , we any success last year.
a. had not got b. did not get c. will not have got d. would not have got
23. he gets here soon , we will have to start the meeting without him.
a. Suppose b. Provided c. Unless d. If
24. as much money as Bill Gates of Microsoft , I would retire.
a. Did I have b. If did I have c. Unless I had d. If I had had
25. If I it was a formal party, I wouldn’t have gone wearing jeans and a jumper.
a. knew b. had known c. had been knowing d. could know
26. Tom’s company will almost certainly lire him he improves his attitude.
a. unless b. or c. otherwise d. if.
27. If my client me her fax number , I to post a letter to her.
a. gave / will not have b. will give / do not have
c. had given / wouldn’t have had d. had given / will not have had
28. I had brought my laptop to the meeting yesterday.
a. If b. If only c. Even if d. As if
29. If I the lottery last week , I rich now.
a. had won / would be b. had won / would have been

c. won / would be d. won / would have been
30. Carrie said she will join the company if the starting salary her expectations.
a. meets b. met c. has met d. had met.
31 .If I was you, I that.
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP
a. would apply for b. will ask for c. will have change d. can take
32. If I a wish, I’d wish for happiness for my family.
a. have b. been having c. had d. was having
33. If we had had time, we to the party.
a. can go b. will go c. would have gone d. will have gone
34. We couldn’t understand the teacher if he too fast.
a. spoke b. has spoken c. doesn’t speak d. didn’t speak
35. If everything is all right, we our work on time.
a. complete b. are completing c. have completed d. will complete
36. What if the eart suddenly stopped going around the sun.
a. happens b. will happen c. would happen d. happened
37. Unless you quiet, I’ll scream.
a. don’t keep b. keep c. didn’t keep d. kept
38. You’ll be able to speak English well if you hard.
a. study b. studied c. would study d. had studied
39. If I you, I invitation.
a. am/ will refuse b. was/ would refuse c. were/ would refuse d. had been/ will refuse
40. , I’d have told you the answer.
a. If you asked me b. Had youy asked me
c. You had asked me d. Unless you asked me
II. Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same
meaning as the given one.
41. If we had lost the map, we would never have found our way .
a. We will have found our way unless we lost the map.
b. We found our way because we didn’t lose the map.

c. We would have lost our way if we had lost the map.
d. If we lost the map, we didn’t find our way.
42. He didn’t hurry so he missed the plane.
a. If he hurried, he wouldn’t miss the train.
b. If he had hurried, he might catch the plane.
c. If he had hurried, he could have caught the plane.
d. He didn’t miss the plane because he hurried.
43. If I were taller, I could reach the shelf.
a. I am not tall enough to reach the top shelf.
b. I am too tall to reach the top shelf.
c. I cannot reach the top shelf beacause I am very tall.
d. In spite of being tall, I cannot reach the top shelf.
44. I will agree to these conditions provided that they increase my salary.
CHUYN ệ NGặẻ PHAẽP
a. They did not increase my salary so I quit the job.
b. I will only agree these conditions if they give me more money.
c. They give me more money or I will only agree these conditions.
d. Unless they give me more money, I will only agree these conditions.
45. If only I had studied hard enough to pass the final exam .
a. I regret not studying hard enough to pass the exam.
b. I had studied hard enough and I passed the fi9anl exam.
c. I studied too hard to pass the fianla exam.
d. I studied hard otherwise I would fail the fianal exam.
46. John speaks Chinese fluently because he used to live in China for ten years.
a. Suppose John has lived in China for ten years , he can speak Chinese fluently.
b. Provided that John lived in China for ten years , he could speak Chinese fluently.
c. Unless John had lived in China for ten years , he could not have spoken Chinese
fluently.
d. John could not speak Chinese fluently if he had not lived in China for ten years.
III.Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting:

48. If had known she was ill, I would go to visit her.
A B C D
49. I cant go with you unless I will get my work finished.
A B C D
50. If she had eaten fewer sweets, she would lose weight.
A B C D
51. You would have met Mary if you came here yesterday evening.
A B C D
52. If they want to increase output, they had to modenize the factory.
A B C D
LESSON 4: CLAUSE AFTER WISH
PHệN A: LYẽ THUYT
Coù 3 loaỷi cỏu ao ổồùc
I. Ao ổồùc hióỷn taỷi: S + WISH + CLAUSE ( s + v2/ v-ed)
II. Ao ổồùc tổồng lai: S + WISH + CLAUSE ( s + would + bare - V)
III. Ao ổồùc quaù khổù: S + WISH + CLAUSE ( s + had + past participle)
PHệN B: BAèI TP
1.We wish we a large house but we cant afford it now.
a. have b. had c. can have d. will have
2. My friend wont lend me his car. I wish
a. he lent me his car b. he didnt lend me his car
c. he would lend me his car d. he will lend me his car.
3.My mother is not free today . I wish
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP
a. my mother is free today b. my mother won’t be busy today
c. my mother would be free today d. my mother were free today
4. I’m sorry I haven’t got any money on me. I wish
a. I have got no money on me b. I have some money on me
c. I had some money on me d. I had got no money on me
5. I’m fraid our team will lose the game today. I wish

a. Our team won the game today b. our team would win the game today
c. our team didn’t lose the game today d. our team had won the game today
6. My friends didn’t take part in the game. I wish
a. my friends took part in the game b. my friends had taken part in the game
c. my friends would take part in the game d. my friends did take part in the game
7. It wasn’t fine yesterday. I wish
a. it was fine yesterday b. it would fine yesterday
c. it will fine yesterday d. it had been fine yesterday
8. I wish I more time now to help you with your lesson
a. have b. had would have c. had d. had had
9. I wish I psychology when I was a college student.
a. had studied b. would study c. studied d. studied
10. I wish someone to help me with that work tomorrow.
a. offer b. offered c. would offer d. had offered
11. If only I play the guitar as well as you!
a. would b. should c. could d. might
12. When I saw Tom, he looked he had been ill.
a. so b. such as c. the same d. as if
13. I wish I my letter of application earlier.
a. wrote b. had written c. could write d. should write
14. If only he me a chance , I could have told him the truth.
a. gave b. has given c. could give d. had given
15. I wish you so much noise. I’m trying to work.
a. shouldn’t b. couldn’t c. needn’t d. wouldn’t
16. If only he us the true in the first place, things wouldn’t have gone so wrong.
a. had told b. has told c. would have told d. should have told
17. Mrs White always talks to her baby as though he an adult.
A is b. were c. had been d. will be.
18. When he came out of the room, he looked he had seen a ghost.
a. as b. as though c. when d. if

CHUYN ệ NGặẻ PHAẽP
LESSON 5: REPORTED SPEECH
( CU TặèNG THT/ CU GIAẽN TIP)
PHệN A: LYẽ THUYT
- Khi chuyóứn cỏu trổỷc tióỳp sang cỏu giaùn tióỳp, ta phaới thay õoới thỗ, õaỷi tổỡ nhỏn
xổng, tờnh tổỡ sồớ hổợu, traỷng tổỡ nồi chọỳn, thồỡi gian, tờnh tổỡ chố õởnh.
Direct speech Reported speech Direct speech Reported speech
1. Tense
- Simple present
- Present
Continuous
- Present perfect
- Simple past
- Past continuous
- Past perfect
* will
* can
* must
- Simple past
- Past Continuous
- Past perfect
- Simple past/ past
perfect
- Past perfect continuous
- Past perfect
* would
* could
* had to
2. Adverbs of time
- yesterday

- last week
- now
- today
- tomorrow
- next week
- the day before / the
previous day
- the week before /
the previous week
- then
- that day
- the day after / the
following day
- the week after / the
following week
3. Adverbs of
place
- here - there
4. demonstrative
words
- this
- these
- that
- those
I. Cỏu móỷnh lóỷnh giaùn tióỳp: ( Indirect command) Thổồỡng õổồỹc mồớ õỏửu bũng nhổợng
õọỹng tổỡ nhổ: tell, ask, request, order, command vaỡ thóứ Imparative õọứi thaỡnh To - infinitive.
Form: S + V (told, asked, ) + O + TO - INFINITIVE
Ex: 1.He said to us, Do your homework carefully.
- He told us to do our homework carefully.
2. She said to me Please help me with this work

- She told me to help her with that work.
CHUN ÂÃƯ NGỈỴ PHẠP
3. He said, “ Don’t leave the room”
- He ordered them not to leave the room.
II. Cáu phạt biãøu giạn tiãúp: ( Indirect statement): thỉåìng âỉåüc måí âáưu bàòng nhỉỵng
âäüng tỉì nhỉ : SAY, TELL
Form: S + SAID + (THAT) + S + V (Li thç)
TOLD + O
Ex: 1. She said, “ I am a student”
- she said that she was a student.
2. Nam said to her mother, “ I met my old friends on the way to school this morning”
- Nam told his mother that he had met his old friends on the way to school that morning.
* Chụ : Khi âäøi tỉì cáu trỉûc tiãúp sang cáu giạn tiãúp ta khäng âäøi thç åí mãûnh âãư ngun vàn
trong cạc trỉåìng håüp sau d mãûnh âãư chênh åí thç quạ khỉï.
1.
Âäüng tỉì trong mãûnh âãư ngun vàn cọ thåìi gian xạc âënh r l nàm
Ex: She said “ I was born in 1980”
She said that she was born in 1980.
2.
Cáu ngun vàn diãùn t 1 chán l
Ex: He said , “ The sun rises in the east”.
He said (that) the sun rises in theeast.
3.
Cáu ngun vàn cọ
Could, would, should, might, used to, ought to, ỉould rather,
had better,
Ex: Tom said to me : “ You had better go to the dentist”.
Tom told me that I had better go to the dentist.
4.
Cáu âiãưu kiãûn loải 2, loải 3.

Ex: He said: If I were you, I wouldn’t do that.
He said that if he were me, he wouldn’t do that.
5.
Cáu ao ỉåïc trại våïi thỉûc tãú hiãûn tải.
Ex: She said : “I wish I were a movie star.
She said that she wished she were a movie star.
III. Cáu hi giạn tiãúp: ( Indirect questions)
1. Yes - No question: ( cáu hi tr låìi bàòng “yes/ no”) Thỉång âỉåüc måí âáưu bàòng cạc
âäüng tỉì nhỉ : ask, inquire, wonder, wanted to know, v theo sau cạc âäüng tỉì ny l “if hồûc
whether”.
Form: S + asked + (O) + IF/ WHETHER + S + V( li thç, âo ngỉỵ)
wanted to know
wondered
Ex: - “ Have you read this novel?
He asked me if I had read that novel.
- “ Did you watch the film on TV last night, Tom?”
He asked if Tom had watched the film on TV the night before.
CHUYN ệ NGặẻ PHAẽP
2. WH - questions: ( cỏu hoới bừt õỏửu bũng tổỡ hoới WH-) Thổồỡng õổỷoc mồớ õỏửu bũng
caùc õọỹng tổỡ nhổ : ask, inquire, wonder, wanted to know, vaỡ theo sau caùc õọỹng tổỡ naỡy laỡ caùc tổỡ
hoới nhổ: when, where, where, how,
Form: S + asked + (O) + What/ when/ why , + S + V( luỡi thỗ, õaớo
ngổợ)
wanted to know
wondered
Ex: - He said to me Who did you go to the cinema with?
He asked me who I had gone to the cinema with.
- what time does the film begin?
He wanted to know What time the film began.
* Chuù yù :Trổồỡng hồỹp cỏu nguyón vn coù caớ cỏu phat bióứu vaỡ cỏu hoới thỗ khi õọứi sang cỏu giaùn

tióỳp loaỷi cỏu naỡo õọứi theo loaỷi cỏu õoù.
Ex: I have left my watch at home. Can you tell me the time?
- He said that he had left his watch at home and asked me if I could tell him the time.
IV. Cỏu caớm thaùn giaùn tióỳp ( Indirect exclaminations) :Thổồỡng õổỷoc mồớ õỏửu bũng
caùc õọỹng tổỡ Exclaim
Ex: - What a beautiful girl she is!
He exclaimed what a beautiful she was.
PHệN B: BAèI TP
I. I.Find one choice that best completes the sentences:
1.John asked me in English.
a. what does this word mean b. what that word means
c. what did this word mean d. what that word meant
2. The mother told her son impolitely .
a. not behave b. not to behave c. not behaving d. did not behave
3. She said she collect it for me after work.
a. would b. did c. must d. had
4. I have ever told you he unreliable.
a. is b. were c.had been d. would be
5. Laura said she had worked on the assignment since
a. yesterday b. two days ago c. the day before d. the next day
6. John asked me interested in any kind of sports.
a. if I were b. if were I c. if was I d. if I was
7. John asked me that film the night before.
a. that I saw b. had I seen c. if I had seen d. if had I seen
8. Peter said that he had lived in London 4 years .
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP
a. ago b. before c. later d. then
9. The guest told the host that
a. I must go now b. he must go now
c. he had to go now d. he had to go then

10. The teacher told Joe
a. to stop talking b. stop talking
c. stops talking d. stopped talking
11. She said she
a. was very tired last night b. was very tired the night before
c. had been very tired last night d. had been tired the night before
12. Emily said that her teacher to London
a. will go/ tomorrow b. went/ tomorrow
c. would go/ the next day d. had gone/ the next day
13. She told the boys on the grass.
a. do not play b. did not play c. not playing d. not to play
14. She asked
a. where was her umbrella b. where her umbrella was
c. where were her umbrella d. where her umbrella were
14. Jason asked me me the book the day before.
a. if who gave b. if who has given c. who had given d. that who had given
15. Robert said that his father to Dallas the year before.
a.goes b. went c. has gone d. had gone
16.He wanted to know shopping the previous morning.
a. if we had been going b. that if we had been going
c. we were going d. that we were going
13. He asked me Robert and I said I did not know
a.that did I know/who were Robert b. that I knew/who Robert were
c. if I knew/who Robert was d. whether I knew/who was Robert
14. The mother asked her son
a. where he has been b.where he had been
c. where has he been d. where had he been
15. Martin asked me
a. how is my father b. how my father is
c. how was my father

16. The host asked Peter tea or coffee. d. how my father was
a. whether he preferred b. that he preferred
c. did he prefer d. if he prefers
17.She asked me my holidays
a.where I spent/the previous year b. where I had spent/the previous year
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP
c. where I spent/last year d. where did I spend/last year
18. He advised too far.
a.her did not go b. her do not go c. her not to go d. she did not go
19. John often says he boxing because it a cruel sport.
a. does not like/is b. did not like/were
c. not liked/had been d.had not liked/was
20. Nancy asked me why I had not gone to New York the summer
a.before b. ago c.last d. previous
21. He asked him some money.
a. her to lend b. she to lend c. she has lent d.she lends
22. Andrew told me that they fish two days.
a. have not eaten/ago b. had not eaten/previous
c. did not eat/before d.would not eat/last
23. Jason told me that he his best in the exam the day.
a. had done/fllowing b. will do/previous
c. would do/following d. was going/previous
24. She told him
a. patient b. to be patient c. was patient d. that being patient
25. Daniel asked me if I thought
a. it will rain today b. it will rain that day
c. it would rain today d. it would rain that day
26. Barbra asked me the homework that week.
a. that she must do b. if she has to do
c. if she had to do d. if did she have to do

27. Robert wanted to know if I was leaving the Friday.
a. following b. ago c. previous d. before
28. Jennifer asked me the week before.
a. where had I gone b. where I had gone
c. where did I gone d. I had gone where
II. Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same
meaning as the given one.
29. “ You have not done your work well,” said the teacher to me.
a. The teacher told me I hadn’t done my work well
b. The teacher told me I haven’t done work well.
c. The teacher told me I hadn’t done your work well.
d. The teacher told me I hadn’t done his work well.
30. “This man spoke to me on the road,” said the woman.
a. The woman said that man had spoken to me on the road.
b. The woman said that man has spoken to her on the road.
CHUYÃN ÂÃÖ NGÆÎ PHAÏP
c. The woman said that man spoke to her on the road.
d. The woman said that man had spoken to her on the road.
31. “I can’t explain this rule to you,” said my classmate to me.
a. My classmate told me he/she can’t explain that rule to me.
b. My classmate told me he/she couldn’t explain that rule to me.
c. My classmate told me he/she couldn’t explain that rule to you.
d. My classmate said me he/she couldn’t explain that rule to me.
32. The teacher said to class,”We shall discuss this subject tomorrow.”
a. The teacher told the class they would discuss that subject the next day.
b. The teacher told the class they will discuss that subject the next day.
c. The teacher said the class they would discuss that subject the next day.
d. The teacher told the class they discuss that subject the next day.
33. The woman said to her son,”I am glad I am here.”
a. The woman told her son I was glad I was there.

b. The woman told her son she was glad I was there.
c. The woman told her son she was glad she was there.
d. The woman told to her son she was glad she was there.
34. Mike said,”We have bought these books today.”
a. Mike said they bought those books that day.
b. Mike said they had bought those books that day.
c. Mike said they have bought those books that day.
d. Mike said they had bought those books that day.
35. Sarah said,”I read
Jane Eyre
last year.”
a. Sarah said she had read
Jane Eyre
the previous year.
b. Sareh said she read
Jane Eyre
the previous year.
c. Sareh said she has read
Jane Eyre
the previous year.
d. Sareh said she would read
Jane Eyre
the previous year.
36. She said that she participating in that event.
a. would be interesting in b. would be interested in
c. was going to d. would be going to
37. “You damaged my bicycle, Tom!” said John
a. John accused to Tom for damaging his bicycle.
b. John accused with Tom to have damaged his bicycle.
c. John accused Tom of damaging his bicycle.

d. John accused Tom to damage his bicycle.
38. “Never borrow money from friends,”my father said.
a. My father said to me never borrow money from friends.
b. My father told me never to borrow money from friends.
c. My father advised me not borrow money from friends.