unit 13 computing research project conduct primary and secondary research using appropriate methods for a computing research

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ASSIGNMENT 1 BRIEF

Unit Tutor

IV name and date

Submission Format:

Format: The submission is in the form of 1 document

You must use font Calibri size 12, set number of the pages and use multiple line spacing at1.3. Margins must be: left: 1.25 cm; right: 1 cm; top: 1 cm and bottom: 1 cm. The reference

follows Harvard referencing system.

Submission Students are compulsory to submit the assignment in due date and in a way requested by

the Tutors. The form of submission will be a soft copy posted on The Assignment must be your own work, and not copied by or from another student or frombooks etc. If you use ideas, quotes or data (such as diagrams) from books, journals or other sources, youmust reference your sources, using the Harvard style. Make sure that you know how to reference

properly, and that understand the guidelines on plagiarism. If you do not, you definitely get failed

Unit Learning Outcomes:

LO1 Examine appropriate research methodologies and approaches as part of the research process LO2 Conduct and analyse research relevant for a computing research project

LO3 Communicate the outcomes of a research project to identified stakeholdersAssignment Brief and Guidance:

You have to set you own research question in the research proposal base on the previous range of topic.The research question must be specific enough example: the audience of the research(job, age..), kind ofdevices(personal devices, household appliances…)

The recommended outputs of the research are two reports. The first report should cover at least the

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1. Introduction the purpose of the research

Introduce the research’ purpose, main aims and objectives of the project. What the research will do and don’t

P1: appropriate research question, aim, related documents in the research proposal(Linked to

section 5)2. Literature review

o Discuss research methodologies: primary research, secondary research, qualitative, quantitative, scientific method, research processes, population in research… o Specify which research methods will be used to carried out the researcho Do a secondary research about

 Remote working: Remote working and related products

 Your selected topic among the range of following broad topics: Digital transformation strategies; Monitoring and productivity tools, their uses and implications; key security concerns when working remotely.

o Conclusion, propose initial hypothesis after the literature review and need to confirm in

primary research

P2: clearly discuss previous methodologies with examples, academic references

M1: justifications for the choice of methods selected based on philosophical/theoretical frameworks

which can be seen in [section 2 and 3]3. Primary research

o Design of primary research: which techniques will be used to collect data such as interview, questionnaire, experiment,..; the population of the research. All the data collected in this stage must be supplied in the appendix

P3: clearly provide evidence of carryout primary research in [section 3] and in [section 2]

M2: Discuss merits, limitations and pitfalls of approaches to data collection and analysis

D1: Critically evaluate research methodologies and processes and use it effectively which can

be seen in secondary research and primary research4. Analyse the result of the primary research

P4: Effective using analytical tools to analyse research findings and data

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 It should confirm or reject the hypothesis in the literature part with appropriate justification

 Provide recommendations for improving the system or future research which could enhance the results of the current research.

 Effectively suggest the research’s results to some audience(how it is useful for them)

D2: Excellent research with useful findings and recommendations

5. Approved project proposal-appendix 6. Approved project plan-appendix7. Ethical form

8.

Other materials which collected while conducting primary research: interview scripts, audio, experiment notes-appendix

Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria

LO1 Examine appropriate research methodologies and approaches as part of

the research process

LO1 & 2

D1 Critically evaluate research

methodologies and processes in application to a computing researchproject to justify chosen research methods and analysis.

P1 Produce a research proposal that

clearly defines a research question orhypothesis supported by a literature review.

P2 Examine appropriate research

methods and approaches to primary and secondary research.

M1 Evaluate different research

approaches and methodology and make justifications for the choice of methods selected based on philosophical/theoretical frameworks.

project

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research using appropriate methods for a computing research project that consider costs, access and ethical issues.

P4 Apply appropriate analytical tools,

analyse research findings and data.

pitfalls of approaches to data collection and analysis.

LO3 Communicate the outcomes of a research project to identified

D2 Communicate critical

analysis of the outcomes and make valid, justified recommendations.

P5 Communicate research outcomes

in an appropriate manner for the intended audience.

M3 Coherently and logically

communicate outcomes to the intended audience demonstrating how outcomes meet set research objectives.

- Research’s main aims and objectives...7

- Scope and limitations...7

- Conclusion, propose the choice of methods selected...15

3.Conduct primary and secondary research using appropriate methods for a computing research project that consider costs, access and ethical issues (P3)...16

3.1.Primary research...16

- Objective Participant...16

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4.Communicate research outcomes in an appropriate manner for the intended audience (P4)...18

4.1.Analyze the result of the primary research...18

- Descriptive statistics...18

- Scatter Plots...19

- Histogram...20

5.Communicate research outcomes in an appropriate manner for the intended audience (P5)...21

5.1.Report the findings...21

- Summary of key findings...21

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Abstract:

It is essential to increase the productivity of agricultural and farming processes to improve yields and effectiveness with new technology such as the Internet of Things (IoT). In particular, IoT can make agricultural and farming industry processes more efficient by reducing human intervention through automation. In this study, the aim to analyze recently developed IoT applications in the agriculture and farming industries to provide an overview of sensor data collections, technologies, and sub-verticals such as water management and crop management.In this review, data is extracted from 60 peer-reviewed scientific publications (2016-2018) with a focus on IoT sub-verticals and sensor data collection for measurements to make accurate decisions. Our results from the reported studies show water management is the highest sub-vertical (28.08%) followed by crop management (14.60%) then smart farming (10.11%). From the data collection, livestock management and irrigation management resulted in the same percentage (5.61%). In regard to sensor data collection, the highest result was for the measurement of environmental temperature (24.87%) and environmental humidity (19.79%). There are also some other sensor data regarding soil moisture (15.73%) and soil pH (7.61%). Research indicates that of the technologies used in IoT application development, Wi-Fi is the most frequently used (30.27%) followed by mobile technology (21.10%). As per our review of the research, we can conclude that the agricultural sector (76.1%) is researched considerably more than compared to the farming sector (23.8%). This study should be used as a reference for members of the agricultural industry to improve and develop the use of IoT to enhance agricultural production efficiencies. This study also provides recommendations for future research to include IoT systems' scalability, heterogeneity aspects, IoT system architecture, data analysis methods, size or scale of the observed land or agricultural domain, IoT security andthreat solutions/protocols, operational technology, data storage, cloud platform, and power supplies. However, our main outcome is a thesis submitted to GREENWICH University

cost-1. Produce a research proposal that clearly defines a research question or hypothesis supported by a literature review (P1)

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power consumption, scalability, and WSN security.This system is a process in which automation water the garden through a humidity sensor in the ground or air.

This system will facilitate with the help of the internet. The humidity sensor is connected to the watering plant and smartphone so we can monitor soil moisture. If the air or soil does not have enough water or humidity, the system will turn on the watering machine. Soil moisture, rainfall, evaporation are essential parameters for designing SmartGarden Systems. Some of the Smart Garden System’s main features are real-time feedback from garden sensors,park monitoring, application-controlled water systems, and automatic watering systems. Mobile devices have robust computing, sensing, and connectivity resources. Tools such as smartphones and tablets can run applications for various purposes. In this particular case, we would like to apply the Smart Garden System on mobile devices.

-Research’s main aims and objectives

The main goal of this research is that I want to create an automatic watering machine that helps people water more on time so that the plants can grow well as expected because this is an irrigation product. automatic water so people do not need to check OFF and ON because the device will sense when the plants lack water will work, thus giving people more time to do other things.

-Scope and limitations

The range for the machine to work can be 50m2 if the user's garden or vegetable has a large area, 3-4 machines can be used to operate at the same time to water enough vegetable garden area.

The operating limit of the device is about 1-2 days. Users should check the machine regularly because it is an automatic device, so there may be many problems such as irregular watering or improper operation. This is also very important to make our agricultural products more available.

1.2.Literature review:

IoT is a combination of worldwide data, web associated items or things, and is an integral component of the future Internet. IoT focuses on the automation of processes by lessening human interaction. In the process of automation, IoT collects data using sensors and processes the data using controllers and completing the automation processes by using actuators. IoT in agriculture and farming focus is on automating all the aspects of farming and agricultural methods to make the process more efficient and effective. Traditional approaches in livestock management (such as cattle detection) are not fully automated and have many inefficiencies such as higher human interaction, labour cost, power consumption, and water consumption. The central concept of this review is to analyse the IoT sub-verticals, collected data for measurements and used technologies to develop applications. It is essential to identify the most researched sub-verticals, data collections and technologies to create new IoT applications in the future.

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This review provides an overall picture of currently developed IoT applications in agriculture and farming between 2016 and 2018.

As a solution to the existing problems, researchers have focused on smart agricultural and farming automated systems with the help of. IoT is the network of things which identifies elements clearly with the help of software intelligence, sensors and ubiquitous connectivity to the Internet. In IoT, the data that collects from Internetconnecteditems or things contains with gadgets, sensors and actuators. Many researchers have focused on smart systems for monitoring and controlling agricultural parameters by enhancing productivity and efficiency. Smart systems collect data for measurements to get accurate results that can lead to appropriate actions. Current use of smart agricultural systems relates to collecting data on environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, soil moisture and pH. With accurate sensor data collection using a range of different sensors, researchers have implemented smart agricultural systems to make the farm process more effective. Research has mainly focused on sub-verticals such as water management, crop management and smart farming to make processes automated by reducing human intervention, costs, power consumption and water consumption.

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The automation process of agricultural and farming reduced human interaction and improve the efficiency. The reason for that is every country population depends on agriculture thus consumers of these resources should use water and land resources optimally. Moreover, it is imperative to have good quality production and crop managementin order to maximize profitability. Hence, IoT base agricultural management systems are integral for an agriculturally based country. The new systems developed using IoT technologies have reduced the drawbacks associated with traditional approaches and provided many advantages to farmers. For example, IoT-based water management systems collect environmental attributes such as temperature, water level and humidity through the sensors and provide accurate irrigation timing. In addition, crop management systems developed using IoT monitor the temperature, humidity and soil through sensors thus providing adequate information so that farmers can manage thecrops appropriately. Overall, these IoT-based systems help to reduce human interaction, power utilization and reduce cost in the field of agriculture. Moreover, IoT-based agricultural related applications have been used in the area of pest control, weather monitoring, nutrient management and greenhouse management.

IoT for agriculture uses sensors to collect big data on the agricultural environment. It discovers, analyses and deals with models built upon big data to make the development of agriculture more sustainable. IoT can provide efficient and low-cost solutions to the collection of data. Weather, Water Scarcity, Soil fertility and Pesticides are the significantplayers in it. IoT will make agriculture beneficiary. Agriculture and farming depend on water. Farmers depend on rainfall for all their agricultural needs.

-Secondary research:

Secondary research, also known as desk research, is a research method that involves compiling existing data sourced from a variety of channels. This includes internal sources (e.g.in-house research) or, more commonly, external sources(such as government statistics, organizational bodies, and the internet).

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be sourced from websites, libraries, and museums.

The information is usually free — or available at a limited access cost — and gathered using surveys, telephone interviews, observation, face-to-face interviews, and more.

When using secondary research, researchers collect, verify, analyze and incorporate it to help them confirm research goals for the research period.

As well as the above, it can be used to review previous research into an area of interest. Researchers can look for patterns across data spanning several years and identify trends — or use it to verify early hypothesis statements and establish whether it’s worth continuing research into a prospective area.

-Internet of things:

The Internet of Things, or more specifically, the Internet of Things or the Internet of Things (Internet of Things, abbreviated to IoT) is an internet in which devices and vehicles transportation (referred to as "connected devices" and "smart devices"), buildings and other equipment embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and The ability to connect to a computer network makes it possible for these devices to collect and transmit data.The secondary research on the internet of things this time is the automatic watering IoT device.

Many times when the schedule is busy, people forget to water, which hinders the healthy growth of plants. In addition, it is very difficult for farmers to manually water the fields and provide the correct amount of water for healthy plant growth. Water management also becomes a huge task due to water scarcity, as manual irrigation leads to water wastage. Also, to avoid emptying the tank, the user should be informed to turn ON the motor to fill the tank.To solve this problem, I made this thesis to help people better understand this automatic watering machine.

Figure 3

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considering all aspects of small gardens to large crop fields. The main components of the project are Arduino UNO, soil moisture sensor, water level sensor, water pump and GSM module. Using ARDUINO IDE software we can programARDUINO in such that it irrigates the plants based on the feedback of moisture content provided by the soil moisture sensor. When moisture content is lower than a prescribed limit, water pump starts irrigating. We can use sprinkler or drip system for irrigation. When moisture content reaches the maximum limit, the water pump automatically switches off. The user will be notified whenever water

content is low and also after the field gets irrigated with the details of temperature and moisture. The water level sensor will be placed inside the tank. When the water level reaches a lower limit in the tank the user will be notified to switch ON the motor to fill the tank. Also, to avoid overflow, the user will be notified when the water level reaches the maximum limit so that they can switch OFF the motor.

This is a low budget project which the farmers of the country can easily afford and can be further improved using technology. This project solves the problem of manual watering and saves a lot of time user. It also focuses on conserving water with increased accuracy in water distribution to the crops and energy. This project includes monitoring soil moisture and supplying water uniformly to the plants using sprinkler or drip system. It also keeps the track of water level.

2. Examine appropriate research methods and approaches to primary and secondary research (P2)

2.1.Research Methodologies

-Primary research vs. secondary research

Primary research is defined as a methodology used by researchers to collect data directly, rather than depending on data collected from previously done research. Technically, they “own” the data. Primary research is solely carried out to address a certain problem, which requires in-depth analysis.

There are two forms of research:

- Primary Research

Conducting secondary research is similar to the research that students conduct throughout school. Answers to research questions are already available online, in academic databases, in the news, in published books, journals, etc.—the work is in wading through the information that is already available and finding data that coincides with the particular research project.

The volume of information available on a particular topic may be overwhelming at the beginning of the secondary research process. Research questions should be used to guide the researcher as they focus on finding project-specific information. The best source to answer a particular research question may vary widely, and a single project will likely require more than one source.

- Secondary Research

The purpose of primary research is to gather information and answer questions that have not been asked before. Primary research is typically more time-consuming and has higher associated costs, so it is in the best interest of an organization to only conduct primary research after the gaps in available secondary research have been identified.

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