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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT soLlicr

I would like to express my sincerest thanks and gratitude for those who help me complete this final graduation thesis. Without their in-time and energetic support, my

thesis would not have been completed successfully.

First of all, I want to show my greatest and deepest gratitude to Ms. Lê Thu Huong — our course instructor and supervisor for this thesis. Thanks to her valuable feedbacks, practical strategies, profound knowledge, teaching experience and easy-to-understand instructions, I am able to complete my thesis on time and successfully.

Secondly, I am very grateful for participants and respondents who proactively contribute to the completion of my survey. All of respondents are senior year students in FFL in NEU. They are very willing to spend their precious free time completing this survey form and sending constructive feedback for the author.

Finally, my final graduation thesis would not have been completed without help and encouragement from my best friends and classmates. I want to send my special thanks to those who have always been by my side and given me strength to complete this final graduation thesis.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Based on the foundation of the study titled “A research on challenges in Vietnamese to English terminology translation for FFL students in NEU”, the author finds out

<small>what difficulties FFL students in NEU may face during translation process.</small>

The data is collected from 82 participants from FFL in NEU from 1‘ March to 20"

March 2023, together with previous studies, main findings and publications of famous researchers from Vietnamese and around the world.

There are four challenges, in terms of terminology and vocabularies that FFL students encounter with both in TL and SL, which includes:

e Abbreviation: The analysis shows that it is quite challenging for some

students although some thinks that it is not an issue.

e Metaphor: This is among one of the two most challenging vocabulary aspects

for FFL students

e Metonymy: It is considered as the most challenging aspect FFL students have to encounter with during the analysis.

e Idiomatic Expression: This is also a common challenge which many FFL students struggle with.

From these analysis and findings, it is recommended that students ought to have specific strategies and constant practices so that they can overcome difficulties in

<small>terminology for translation field.</small>

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LIST OE ABBREVIATION

NEU = National Economics University FFL = Faculty of Foreign Languages

SL = Source Language

<small>TL = Target Language</small>

<small>E-—V = English to Vietnamese</small>

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Importance of Knowing many Specialized Terminologies: - - - -- - - -- 16 Frequency of Translating Specialized Terminologies --- --- --- -- - -- 17

<small>Vocabulary Proficiency Rating ---ccccccccằssssssehehhehtee 18Vocabulary Quality Rating --- + eee e tees tees een 19</small>

<small>The Most Challenging Translation Field ---:---++++‡‡‡‡***++ 20</small>

Main Reasons for Difficulties in Terminology Translation - --- - -- --- - -- - - -- 21 Difficulties during Terminology TranslatIOn:-- -- - -- -- --- + ‡‡‡‡‡ 22

Students’ Expectation to Improve Translation Skills --- --- ---- 23 Students’ Expectation for Lecturers to Help with Improving Translation

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TABLE OF CONTENT

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYY...-- G55... 050006000809 8.0 i

LIST OF ABBREYVIA TION...o-- (G0 HC. 0000090050096 004 080 ii

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1.6 Design of the in... ... 3

CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BACKGRODUND...-5 5< S5 S°5seese°e 4 "My Ji... ... 4

2.1.1 Definition of tranSÏatIOII... - 5s tx nnnnnHhnnh nHngh nHghn 4 2.1.2 h¡ Nuôi) 1n... ...- 5

2.2 Terminology n8 nh... e... 9

2.3 Reasons for difficulties in terminology transÏation...- ««--«--s<<s«++ 9 2.3.1 Lack of background knowledge about specific topics ...- --« -- 9

2.3.2 Specialized vocabularies in Certain fODICS... ..-- s5 sss+++£sseesseessee 10 2.3.3 No appropriate equivalence in target lanỉuaâ...---ô---ô++sc<sxses 10 2.3.4 TOO many SYNONYMS ...- Gv HH HH TH TH nh nghiệp 11 2.4 Difficulties in terminology tranSÏafIOT...- -- - -- + + sx + kE+skEseekeseeereeeee 12 2.4.1 ADbr€V1AfIOI... G2 nnnH nh nghệ 12 2.4.2 bu án 14a. Ả... 12

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2.4.3 MetonyMy...- cọ HH TH ng nưkt 13

2.4.4 Idiomatic EXpressiOns 1n ... 14

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND ANALYSTIS...--<s- 15

3.1 Research Question 1: Why do students have difficulty in translating

terminology from IE~ŸV”)...- -- «se xxx HH cờ 16

3.2 Research Question 2: What are the difficulties that students may encounter

<small>during E-V terminology tranSÏAfIOI7... -- «xxx 11v HH ng hư, 22</small>

3.3 Research Question 3: What can be done to help students deal with translation 81951011051 TT. ... 23

CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSIONN... 5 G5 SH H000 000000 26

4.1 Summary of the 0 ... 26

4.2 Limitation of the SfUỦy,...-- <1 E11 SH HH ky 26

4.3 Suggestion for further study 0.0... eee eesecesecsseesseeceseeseeeeecsseesaeeseessaeesaeesseees 27

REEERENCE...- 5G 9... 0 00400050.0809.0 I

APPENDIX ...- G< 5 S Ọ cọ Họ G c 0 0 009000 0090058050004.0 vil

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<small>Phạm Anh Tú — MSV: 11195563 — Business English 61B</small>

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Topic: A research on challenges in English to Vietnamese terminology

translation for FFL students in NEU

1.1 Rationale

Language undeniably plays a crucial role in the transmission of message and communication between people in a society. For this reason, the English language is

seen as a common language which is widely used to close the gap between countries

all around the world. According to the survey conducted by Statista (2022), among the most spoken languages in the world, the number of English-speaking population is the most significant, with up to 1.5 billion people.

Because of English popularity over the globe, there are great demands for translating

source language to English with various purposes, such as legal documents, magazines, contracts, international treaties, articles, public books and published journals. Translation from Vietnamese to English or vice versa, therefore, is becoming more and more common than ever before. Those who desire to have a well-paid job, sustainable living standard and international logical thinking must be proficient in fundamental English skills

Nevertheless, for English-major students, it is not an easy task when they have to translate texts or newspapers from Vietnamese to English or vice versa. To excel in translating skills, they must be able to have a decent amount of background knowledge, linguistic elements between SL and TL, grammatical proficiency or reading comprehension. Among these criteria, the capability of comprehensively understanding vocabulary and specialized words under specific circumstances is the most crucial one.

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For example, when students have to translate this sentence into English: “7: 6i ưu lợi ích cổ đơng là một van dé quan trong” (Long Phan, Nhân Dân), they can mistakenly translate “cổ đồng” into “stakeholder”. The correctly translated equivalence for this

sentence should be “Maximizing shareholders’ benefit 1s an important 1ssue”. In this

finance and business management context, students are required to completely

understand the key differences between “stakeholders” (cac bén lién quan) and

“shareholders” (cô đông) if they want to have an accurate English equivalence of “ cổ

Another example is “ Comrade General Secretary of Vietnamese Communist Party

Nguyen Phu Trong paid an official visit to China” (Vietnam News Agency). The word “comrade” in this sentence is quite unfamiliar. This word is used to describe a friend

who has been through dangerous circumstances, especially during wartime and military training. Due to its unfamiliarity and specialization, many students may become confused and mistakenly assume “comrade” and “partner” are synonyms.

“Partner” (đối fác) is used for business purposes when there is a financial contract signing between corporations whereas “comrade” should be termed as “dong chi/chién hitu”

Due to the diversity of vocabulary, specialized terminology and language barriers, I

decide to conduct a research titled “A research on terminology challenges in English

- Vietnamese translation for FFL students in NEU”. I expect that FFL students will

be able to deal with vocabulary aspects and improve translation quality after this study

<small>is completed.</small>

1.2 Objectives

This research is conducted for:

e Identifying reasons why FFL students in NEU have difficulties in translating

terminology from E-V

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<small>e Identifying popular difficulties encountered while translating terminologyfrom E-V</small>

e Recommending some strategies to help FFL students overcome translation difficulties.

1.3 Scope

Research space: This study is conducted at Faculty of Foreign Languages in NEU Research period: This study is conducted from 22/12/2022 to 01/04/2023.

1.4 Research questions

(1) Why do students have difficulty in translating terminology from E-V?

(2) What are the popular difficulties that students may encounter during E-V

terminology translation?

(3) What can be done to help students deal with translation difficulties?

1.5 Methodology

The researcher hopes to find out dominant reasons why FFL students are struggling with specialized terminology and vocabulary in English - Vietnamese translation by conducting quantitative methods. Quantitative method is also used to investigate the difficulties which FFL students may encounter while translating E-V terminology as well as to suggest some useful recommendations for dealing with this situation. The

survey will be utilized to get opinion and responses from respondents.

1.6 Design of the study

The research will include these five main parts:

Chapter 1: Introduction - includes the rationale, explanation of the research objectives, the scope, research questions, methodology, and the research structure.

Chapter 2: Literature Review - includes an analysis of relevant theoretical knowledge.

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Chapter 3: Data Analysis - contains the summary and the analysis of the primary data and present expectations for the problem.

Chapter 4: Conclusion - summarizes the research, identifies the accomplishments of

the study as a basic foundation for further research.

CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

2.1 Translation

2.1.1 Definition of translation

Translation is the process in which terminologies, sentences, phrases, complex

structures and thoughts are decoded from the SL to the TL. However, there are a variety of thoughts and ideas related to the translation process and its meaning.

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Catford (1965) stated that translation is the process in which the elements in terms of their original meaning are kept and preserved before being placed by the new

elements in TL. Similarly, according to Bell, Roger (1991), “translation is the process

in which the TL is expressed in the closest equivalence without changing its core and implications of the authors”.

Similar to these previous studies, according to Zainudin and Awal (2012), they suggest that the translators need to fully realize their duty of alternating the meanings from SL to TL with the closest equivalence. The content and the change from SL to the equivalence in TL should be comprehensive and easy-to-understand for readers by full comprehension and flexible style adaptation from grammatical, linguistic and cultural aspects (Siregar, 2016).

From these points, it can be concluded that translation is the process in which the SL will be expressed in their equivalence in the TL and the translators will need to work on their best to keep the authors’ message and written style as concise and comprehensive as possible.

2.1.2 Types of translation

Although translation is mostly used for translating paragraphs from SL to TL, there are many methods that can be applied for translation in order to have the most appropriate and accurate language equivalence. Based on Newmark’s research (1988)

and Dr. Shadia Banja’s materials (2008), there are about 8 types of translation

<small>2.1.2.1 Word-for-word translation</small>

This strategy of translation suggests that all phrases and sentences from the SL will be translated to the TL in its closest meaning, in which readers will most likely to fully understand its meanings. This translation approach aims at providing readers a

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general overview and comprehension of the original source text if the source materials

<small>are challenging to be translated from the first attempt.</small>

<small>For example:</small>

“ After their parents had come home, they had dinner together” (SL)

“ Sau khi bố me họ về nha, họ cùng nhau ăn tôi” (TU)

<small>2.1.2.2 Literal translation</small>

As for literal translation, the majority of sentence structures will remain unchanged while being translated from the SL; however, in terms of lexicology, it is most likely to be expressed differently from the context. Similar to word-for-word translation, literal translation serves as a reviewing translation version.

<small>For example:</small>

“ Their siblings are having a vacation in The Statue of Liberty” (SL) “ Anh chi em họ dang có ky nghỉ tại khu vực Tượng Liberty” (TL)

(Phan et.al, 2021)

<small>2.1.2.3 Faithful translation</small>

Suggested by its name, faithful translation is aimed to provide the most reliable and faithful translation approach with a certain degree of TL barrier such as grammatical aspect. This translation method is used for preserving the standard SL as well as implication of SL writers.

For example:

“ He swam as fast as Michael Phelps” (SL)

“ Anh ta đã từng bơi nhanh như vận động viên Michael Phelps vay” (TL)

<small>2.1.2.4 Adaptation translation</small>

Adaptation translation is seen as the “freest” translation method. Because of its characteristics this translation strategy is mostly applied in poems and plays of which

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some cultural and textual aspects must be taken into consideration. This method is for reproducing the translation version - that is the TL with the most various equivalences from the SL. For this reason, some translation versions for poems and plays may be

seen as poor and even low standard, yet some of them are able to express the poems

<small>and plays in their closest equivalence.</small>

For example:

“ Thúy Van looks pretty calm

Full moon face with ma’am body

With jade-like melody

Some white skin with curly cloud hair”

(VietnamNet, 2020)

“Van xem trang trong khac voi

Khuôn trăng day đặn nét ngài nở nang Hoa cười ngọc thốt đoan trang

Mây thua nước tóc tuyết nhường màu đa”

(SÁCH GIÁO KHOA NGỮ VĂN LỚP 9 TẬP 1)

<small>2.1.2.5 Free translation</small>

Free translation method merely expresses the SL the same way as it is as the original. In other words, its TL translation is a longer paraphrasing version compared to its SL. For example:

“ Put the pedal to the metal or you will be late” (SL)

“ Này hãy lái nhanh lên đi không là cậu sé di làm muộn day!” (TL)

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<small>Phạm Anh Tú — MSV: 11195563 — Business English 61B2.1.2.6 Semantic translation</small>

Semantic translation is somehow like faithful translation; however, semantic translation needs to preserve and take the beauty of the SL text into account in which its adaptation and flexibility is prioritized.

For example:

“T hope that you enjoy your meal!” (SL)

“ “Tôi hy vọng quý khách sé tan hưởng bữa ăn!” (TL)

<small>2.1.2.7 Idiomatic translation</small>

In terms of idiomatic translation, this strategy refers to the use of flexible translation. To specify, when the idioms and colloquial phrases are translated from SL to TL, the original message is not reproduced and expressed exactly the same in the translated version. Instead, the idioms and colloquial phrases in the TL - that may not exist in the SL - will be referred to illustrate its closest equivalence and meaning.

<small>For example:</small>

“ Đừng có nhìn mặt mà bắt hình dong” (SL)

“ Don’t judge a book by its cover” (TL)

“ Giống nhau như 2 giọt nước” (SL)

“ Like 2 peas in a pod” (TL) “Den như mực” (SL)

“ As black as coal” (TL)

(Pasal, 2021)

<small>2.1.2.8 Communicative translation</small>

Communicative translation is used to convey and enhance readership of both SL and TL. This translation method is not only reader-oriented but also easy to understand.

<small>For example:</small>

“ Thank God, you are safe and sound!” (SL)

“ Cảm ta trời dat, cảm ta Phật, con vẫn bình an vơ su!” (TL)

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2.2 Terminology

According to Oxford Learners’ Dictionary, terminology is identified as a group of fixed vocabularies which are used for a specific field. Similarly, Cambridge

Dictionary defined terminology as particular vocabularies being expressed and

illustrated to specific topic and activity.

In their research about terminological competence in translation, Martinez & Faber (2011) showed the interrelated relation between terminology and translation. To

specify, if terminologies are used adequately and reasonably, the translation quality

and reliability of vocabularies as well as the whole texts will be improved and

2.3 Reasons for difficulties in terminology translation

2.3.1 Lack of background knowledge about specific topics

Larasati (2017) defines background knowledge as a knowledge regarding the content and subject which translators have. Lack of background knowledge about specific topics (economics, finance - banking, tourism etc.), therefore can be understood as the insufficient amount of basic information, which is mostly about vocabulary aspects.

Similarly, He (2012) stated that translators’ comprehension of the whole texts and terminologies will be greatly enhanced if their cultural background and basic foundation are solid and reliable. Responsible and successful translators will try their best to enrich their multicultural knowledge as well as polish their understanding of terminology, expertise and competence rather than solely focus on multilingualism

(Beeby et. al, 2005). According to Hatim and Mason (2008), because translation requires both cross-cultural and socio-cultural contexts lack of background

knowledge about specific topics; therefore, will become one of many obstacles preventing translators from understanding terminology accurately and effectively.

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Take the terminology “Big 4” for example, this term means the world’s largest

<small>international accounting firms, whereas in Vietnam, they are usually understood as</small>

the 4 largest banks of Vietnam. Translators may be confused by this term and mistakenly assume it in their own native language.

<small>For example:</small>

“The world’s Big 4 are heavily devastated by global economic recession” (SL)

“ Tốp 4 cơng ty kiểm tốn lớn nhất trên thé giới bi tàn pha nặng nè bởi suy thối kinh tế tồn cầu” (TL)

2.3.2 Specialized vocabularies in certain topics

Based on the definition of terminologies, specialized vocabularies can be basically understood as words which are applied in special working areas and topics (Baker, 1992). There are some vocabularies in the tourism and hospitality industry that may frequently appear during documents, for example excursion, reservation, amenity etc. In terms of finance - banking topics, translators might have difficulty in

<small>comprehending the specialized vocabularies such as mortgage, liability,</small>

authentication, deposit loan etc. Phúc and Điệp (2017) commented on the specialized vocabulary aspect “ It is necessary that translators understand the meaning of

specialized words; yet if they are not fully aware of the message and implication based on the context of SL, translators will face immense challenges in their duty regardless of translation fields (for formal, business or scientific purposes)”.

2.3.3 No appropriate equivalence in target language

In his research about translation strategies and its application, Aulia (2018) explains that equivalence simply means the relationship between SL and TL - in which they are found to have the same roles and functions in linguistic level.

As for the problems of equivalence and nonequivalence, Baker (1992) believed that this begins from semantically complicated vocabularies of the SL as well as its

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<small>inability to be lexicalized in TL. There are some words which cannot be translated</small>

from SL to TL because that word does not exist in TL, or it takes considerable time for the society to accept a new alienated concept. (Baker, 1992).

<small>2.3.4 Too many synonyms</small>

According to Richards & Schmidt (1992), a word which has close meaning and definition to others is called synonym. In her research about unnatural aspects in translation, Lé (2006) believed that unnaturalness and low-quality translation is sometimes due to the variety and near connotation of one single word unit. Translators

may have many options for a specific word, but they will have to decide the most

academic and relevant to the context of the paragraphs.

In English, the word “ xác lap” could be translated into many synonyms such as

“create - form - generate - found - establish - set up”; however the most appropriate and formal equivalence for this situation should be “establish”. In the 2nd example,

instead of translating “make” to “tạo ra, ché tao ra, sang ché, nghiên cứu etc”,

translators ought to use “điêu chế” for the most accurate translation version.

For example:

“Viét Nam va Canada da xac lap quan hé Đối tác toàn diện”

“Vietnam and Canada established Comprehensive Partner Relationship”

(Tạp chí Con số sự kiện, 2022)

“ Serum Institute of India Private Ltd (SHPL) is working with an US

firm called Codagenix to try and create a vaccine by 2022.”

“ Công ty Trach nhiệm Hữu han Tu nhân của Viện huyết thanh Ấn Độ đang làm việc với công ty Mỹ - Codagenix nhằm cô gang và điều chế

(Asia Times, 2020)

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2.4 Difficulties in terminology translation

<small>2.4.1 Abbreviation</small>

In a study conducted to find out strategy to translate abbreviations, Hosseinzadeh (2021) stated abbreviations are regarded as a new way of forming words by using initial letters. Ulitkin et.al (2020) said that abbreviation is useful especially during specific technical fields, research papers and magazines and this way of shortening words and creating new ones based on initialism will make the paragraph more concise and economical though the information remains unchanged. Owing to the increasingly advanced technology - information, economic integration and

globalization, the demand for translating scientific-based texts is getting higher than

ever before, leading to the creation of many terms such as abbreviations of organizations and other crucial institutions (Sigacheva et. al, 2021). Although this abbreviation seems to be convenient and effortless, translators may need to enrich their foundation knowledge and fully understand what it truly stands for (NASA -stands for National Aeronautics and Space Administration).

<small>For example:</small>

“ Giám đốc NASA Bill Nelson ví chương trình khám phá Mặt trăng Artemis là “một động lực kinh tế”

“ Bill Nelson, NASA Director, characterized the expedition program of

Artemis Moon as “an economic momentum”.

(Nhan Dan, 2022)

<small>2.4.2 Metaphor</small>

According to Cambridge Dictionary, metaphor is described as a particular way of expressing ideas, describing humans or objects by reference to others - the things that share common characteristics and features. Similarly, in the Oxford Learners’ Dictionary definition about metaphor, it is a way of illustrating somebody or

something extraordinarily by referring to the things that share the same qualities.

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On research about “Cogno-cultural issues in Translating Metaphors”, Mohammad

et.al (2007) said that owing to its close relationship between metaphors and cultural beliefs, social attitudes, perception, and linguistic features of both SL and TL,

translators will have face difficulties in translating metaphors if their native language

hardly shares any particular cognitive equivalence. Translators are more likely to be

in a situation of “guessing” the meanings and definition of metaphor if they have

received an ambiguous or new set of information (culture, linguistic features, wordplay etc) from figurative speech in SL (Nguyen, 2020). In these examples below,

the verb “béc hoi” is usually related to rapid physical state of water, but the authors use metaphor to vividly describe “giá vàng thế giới”. Likewise, as for the word “sharks”

- a type of underwater creature that dominates the ocean and eats smaller fish - it is

used to demonstrate the power and outstanding strength of “large investors”.

For example:

“ Giá vàng thé giới “bóc hoi” gần 5%”

“ World”s gold price “evaporates” at nearly 5%”

“ Cá mập là lực lượng đầu tư chính”

“ Shark investors are the main investment force”.

(VnEconomy - 2023)

2.4.3 Metonymy

According to Wikipedia, metonymy is defined as the way to address things or people by referring it to others (Commonly used in poems and literature work) - that have close association and connection. Marriam-Webster also supports this idea as metonymy is used for beautifying figurative speech as well as cutting long and tedious expressions with a more exclusive word. Metonymy is favored in editorial works, published newspapers as it vividly illustrates readers’ stylistic features and linguistic

capability (Luu & Nguyén, 2010). While conducting a study about challenges of

learning figurative language, Le & Nguyen (2021) stated that raising language competence, awareness of foreign culture, cross-cultural knowledge as well as

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translation can be boosted and encouraged by the full comprehension of figurative language - and metonymy is one example. However, being accustomed to new ways of expression and thoughts in foreign tongue is considered to be challenging and it

needs a considerable amount of time and effort, especially with intermediary

translators. In these examples, metonymies “Bac Kinh, Kiev and Moscow” are applied

to replace for their own government systems, state officials, spokesperson and executive leaders, which will help the newspapers and publications be more economic

<small>and meaningful (Beijing for China, Kiev for Ukraine and Moscow for Russiagovernment).</small>

For example:

“ Bắc Kinh không có ý định thơi phồng thêm bong bóng nhà dat”

“ Beijing has no intention of boasting more real estate bubble”

(VnEconomy, 2023)

“ Kiev va Moscow ký kết một thỏa thuận cung cấp khí đốt với châu Au làm trung gian nhưng thỏa thuận sẽ hết hiệu lực vào cuối tháng này”

“ Kiev and Moscow signed a gas supplement agreement under European intermediary, but the above mentioned agreement will be expired in the end of this

(Bao Nghé An - 2015) 2.4.4 Idiomatic Expressions

Idiomatic Expressions - also known as idioms - cannot be defined concretely and fixed as it covers a wide range of aspects including the nature, family, characteristics, environment etc. According to Bintang (2018), idioms include colloquial expressions, famous sayings, quotes, slang languages etc. Furthermore, different experts have various views in terms of idioms and people from different nations will have close and deep connections with their cultures, lifestyles etc.

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<small>Phạm Anh Tú — MSV: 11195563 — Business English 61B</small>

In Lanchun Wang and Shuo Wang’s research (2013), idiom is regarded as the prestige, treasure and quintessence of a country, which aesthetically reflects the historical, cultural and environmental values regardless of its written or spoken manner.

Owing to its nature and inability to be literally translated, Gulay (2018) said that for those who have not heard or known about a specific idiomatic phrase in either SL or TL, it is likely that this could lead to misunderstanding and poor assumption of the language. Idiomatic expressions are rather difficult to be understood at first attempt; instead, they often seem to be confusing and irrelevant to its literal translated version of TL. For example, the image “ox” refers to strong bulls with excellent physical

health condition; however, it should be translated as “elephant” in Vietnamese. Also,

when someone falls into a dilemma and unfortunate set of circumstances twice, they

often use “Tranh vỏ dưa gap vỏ dùa”.

For example:

“ As strong as an ox” (SL) “ Khỏe như voi” (TL)

“ Out of the frying pan into the fire” (SL)

“ Tránh vỏ dưa gặp vỏ dừa” (TL)

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS

In this chapter, all responses are collected and analyzed to answer the research questions which were illustrated in the introduction chapter. There were 82 respondents answering the questionnaire which is based on the objective and research

questions of the study.

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<small>Phạm Anh Tú — MSV: 11195563 — Business English 61B</small>

3.1 Research Question 1: Why do students have difficulty in translating terminology

<small>Figure 1: Importance of Knowing many Specialized Terminologies</small>

From the first figure, it is clearly seen that most participants strongly agree that it is

important to know many specialized terminologies, with up to 78 answers (roughly 95.1% of respondents). Only about 2.5% of the surveyed think that knowing many

specializer terms is unimportant, whereas 2 respondents state that this does not really

affect them in translation. In conclusion, majority of K61 students majoring in FFL in NEU agree that knowing many specialized vocabularies will help them greatly in

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