Tiếng anh chuyên ngành thể thao (tập 1) phần 1
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Chủ biên: TS. Trần Quang Hải
ThS. Nguyễn Thị Mỹ Nga - ThS. Đoàn Minh Hữu
TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH THE THAO
Tập 1
Volume 1
NHÀ XUẤT BẢN THÔNG TIN VẢ TRUYỀN THÔNG
Mã số: GD18ĐM13
LỜI N H À XUẤT BẢN
Trong sự nghiệp công nghiệp hóa - hiện đại hóa của đâ't nước ta, cùng
với thời đại bùng nơ thơng tin trong bối cánh tồn cầu, ngoại n g ữ m à đ ặt biệt là
tiếng Anh có vai trị và vị trí vơ cùng quan trọng trong sự p h át triến của đất
nước. Hiếu biết và sử d ụ n g thông thạo tiếng A nh là chìa khóa thành cơng trong
học tập và cơng việc, ngồi ra nó cịn giúp chúng ta tiếp cận thông tin tri thức
của nhàn loại, hiểu biết ngang tầm thời đại. H iện nay, công tác T hế dục Thế
thao đang nhặn được sự quan tâm sâu sắc cúa Đàng, N hà nước và toàn th ể xã
hội. Ngoài việc tụ phát huy nội lực, ngành Thê dục Thê thao Việt N am còn mờ
rộng giao lưu quô'c tế. Việc trao đôi thông tin, cử cán bộ, H uârt luyện viên, Vận
động viên đi đào tạo ờ nước ngoài, mời các chuyên gia nước ngoài trực tiếp
h uấn luyện trong nước... đang được đẩy m ạnh xúc tiên và n gày càng m ờ rộng.
Thấy được tầm quan trụng trong việc nâng cao trình độ tiêng A nh chuyên
ngành cho các huân luyện viên, vận động viên; các phóng viên, biên tập viên thê
thao; các Ca quan Q uàn lý Nhà nước, doanh nghiệp; các trường Cao đẳng, Đại
học hoạt dộng trong lĩnh vực thê dục thê thao trên tồn q'c; N hà xuất bàn
Thơng tin và Truyền thông phối hợp với trường Đại học T hể dục th ể thao Đà
N ằng xuât bàn bộ sách "English fo r Sports", bao gồm Ờ2 tập: tập 1 và tập 2. Nội
d u n g tập 1 gốm 02 phần, mỗi phần có 07 Units, cụ thê’n h ư sau:
Part I: K inds of Sports vvithout a ball
Unit 1: Cymnnstics
Unit 2: Athletics/Track and Ficld
Unit 3: Badminton
Unit 4: Sivimming
Unii 5: Chess
Unit 6: Recreational Sporting
Unit 7: Martial Arts
Part II: Kinds of Sports with a ball
Uìiit 1: Tennis
Unit 2: Table - Tennis
Unit 3: Handball
Unit 4: Soccer/Football
Unit 5: Basketball
Unit 6: Volleyball
Unit 7: Golf
Với sự trang bị kiến thức của bộ sách này, bạn đọc yêu th ế thao sẽ tụ ttúr.
khi ra nước ngoài, làm việc hoặc giao lưu cùng bạn bè quốc tế; theo dõi, bìimh
luận các kênh thê thao trên tuyền hình; sẽ hữ u ích cho các cơ q uan nhà nư
sách cịn là tài liệu hữ u ích trong cơng tác giảng dạy và học tập đối vói c:áá(
giảng viên và các bạn sinh viên chuyên ngành thê’dục, thế thao trên toàn quốtc.. .
Mặc dù đã có nhiêu cơ' gắng trong cơng tác biên soạn, tham khảo nhitễ u
tài liệu quốc tế, trình bày m ột cách có hệ thống đế giúp bạn đọc dễ dàng ti È'p
thu vốn từ vựng, ngữ pháp tiếng Anh và các kiến thức chuyên ngành thể dt^ụục
thê’ thao, song bộ sách được xuất bàn lần đầu chắc chắn sẽ khó tránh khỏi c ác
thiếu sót. Nhà xuất bàn rất mong nhận được sự đóng góp ý kiến đ ể bộ sái cch
được hoàn thiện hơn trong lần tái bản sau. Mọi ý kiến đóng góp xin gửi về cđidịa
chi Email: cndn. nxbtttt@mic. goV.vn.
Xin trân trọng cảm ơn và giới thiệu cùng các bạn./.
Hà Nội, tháng 09 năm 2COOD23
N H À XUẤT BẢ N
TH ÔN G TIN VÀ TRUYỀN THÔN G
INSTRUCTIONS IN TEXTBOOK
(Những chỉ dẫn trong Giáo trình)
Bộ Giáo trình 'T iến g A nh trong Thê’ thao" được trình bày m ột cách hệ
thống, có cấu trúc rõ ràng và b ố cục hợp lý nhằm giúp giảng viên, cán bộ h uấn
luyện viên và các bạn sinh viên dễ tra cứu. Bộ giáo trình được chia thành 2 tập:
Tập 1 (gốm phần I và II), Tập 2 (gốm phần III). Cụ thế:
- Phấn I: Kinds of Sports vvithout a Ball (Các m ơn thê’ thao khơng sử
dụng bóng)
- Phấn II: Kinds of Sports w ith a Ball (Các m ơn thê’ thao có sừ
d ụ n g bóng)
- Phần III: Fields of Sports Studies (Các lĩnh vực nghiên cứu thê’ thao)
Cả 3 phần gồm 21 bài được giảng dạy, trong đó 02 học p hần (120 tiết)
cdành cho Đại học H ệ C hính qui và 03 học p h ần (150 tiết) dàn h cho Đại học Hệ
Liên thông.
Mỗi phấn gổm 7 bài với những nội dung bám sát và bao quát các m ôn
tthê’ thao cũng như các lĩnh vực thê’ thao liên quan. Mỗi bài được giàng d ạy
ttrong 10 tiết, và được trình bày theo m ột cấu trúc lôgic và n h ất q uán gồm 10
tiếu mục:
1. Pre - reading task
2. Reading text
3. Neiv w ords and Expression
4. Reading comprehension
5. Vocabulary
6. W ord stu d y
7. Grammar focus
8. ĩu rth er exercises
9. Furtlier reading
10. P ost - reading task
Trên cơ sờ bài khóa (Reading text), cung câ'p từ mới cho ngư ờ i học, Itriển
khai rèn luyện kỹ năng đọc hiểu, thực hành các bài tập đa dạng về từ vựng, mg>ữ
p háp cũng như các hình ithức thảo luận nhóm bằng nhiều tranh m inh họa siimh
động nhằm giúp người học liên kết giữa hình ảnh với từ, ngữ, nghĩa, thuật n g rữ
chuyên ngành và tình huông giao tiếp, đồng thời gây hứng thú học tập chho
người học.
Trong ph ần nghiên cứu từ (W ord study), câu tạo lại cách th à n h lậipi ttù
thông qua các tiền tố và hậu tố, nhằm giúp người học xác định đ ư ợ c tù loạii (cvủa
tù trong tiếng A nh, tự độ có thê’ dễ dàng thành lập câu.
Hy vọng rằng, sự ra đời cuốn giáo trình tiếng A nh chuyên n g ành tTCOTìng
th ế thao sẽ là bước đi đúng hướng, nhằm đóng góp thiết thực cho sự p h át 'trriiiến
tiếng A nh chuyên ngành và nó cung cấp cho người dạy và người học n h ĩữ n n g
kiến thức thật sự h ữ u ích trong bối cảnh ngành Thê’ dục thê’ thao ở Việt INJaam
đang phát triển m ạnh.
Chúc tẩt cả đổng nghiệp và bạn đọc thành công cùng với giáo trình này/! -Ị
TABLE OF CONTENTS
MỤC LỤC
ILỜi ná đ ầ u .............................................................................................................................. 3
ữnstruttions in textbook...........................................................................................................5
IPart L KINDS OF SPORTS WITHOUT A BALL....................................................... 13
Ihií 1: Gymnastics....................................................................................................... 14
I. Pre-reading task..................................................................................................... 14
II. Reading text..........................................................................................................14
III. Nevv Words and Expressions............................................................................. 17
IV. Reading comprehension.....................................................................................18
V. Vocabulary...........................................................................................................19
VI. Word study: Compound Adjectives.................................................................20
VII. Grammar focus: Tag-question........................................................................ 22
VIII. Further exercises.............................................................................................27
IX. Further reading....................................................................... .........................27
X. Post-reading task................................................................................................. 29
Viit 2: Athletics/Track and Field
.......................................................................... 30
I. Pre-reading task.................................................................................................... 30
II. Reading text.........................................................................................................30
III. New Words and Expressions.............................................................................33
IV. Reading comprehension.................................................................................... 35
V. Vocabulary.......................................................................................................... 36
VI. Word studv: Compound noun (Adj + N, V + V, Pre + N ).............................37
VII. Grammar focus: Comparatives of Adjectives................................................ 39
VIII. Further exercises.............................................................................................44
IX. Further reading.................................................................................................45
X. Post-reading task.................................................................................................46
ưiit 3: Badminton.......................................................................................................47
I. Pre-reading task................................................................................................. 47
II. Reading text........................................................................................................4 7
III. New Words and Expressions............................................................................5 0
IV. Reading comprehensipn................................................................................... 5 1
V. Vocabulary.........................................................................................................5 2
VI. Word study: Compound Adjectives................................................................ 5 3
VII. Grammar focus: Superlatives of Adjectives.................................................. 5 5
VIII. Further exercises ...........................................................................................5'9
IX. Further reading................................................................................................6>0>
X. Post-reading task.......................................................................................... .
6)1
Unit 4: SyvimminỊỊ.......................................................................................................6)2
I. Pre-reading task................................................................................................... 6)2:
II. Reading text........................................................................................................6)2;
III. New Words and Expressions.................................................................................6S5) ,
IV. Reading comprehension........................................................................................6577 ì
V. Vocabulary............................................................................................................. 677 7
VI. Word study: Prefixes (super- /under- /over- / sub-/ sur-/ dis-/ + N ).................(699 )
VII. Grammar focus: Equal Comparisons............................................................... 7700 J
VIII. Further exercises............................................................................................... 7722 2
IX. Further reading.................................................................................................. 7744 4
X. Post-reading ta sk ...................................................................................................7755 5
Vnit 5: Chess ................................................................................................................... 77(6 6
I. Pre-reading task................................................................................................... '7(6'6
II. Reading text........................................................................................................'7f6'6
III. New Words and Expressions............................................................................Í8C0Ỉ0
IV. Reading comprehension................................................................................... Í8Ỉ1S1
V. Vocabulary........................................................................................................... Í83232
VI. Word study: Cardinal and Ordinal numbers......................................................'8^484
VII. Grammar focus: Modal verbs.......................................................................... 81787
VIII. Further exercise................................................................................................ '9-M94
IX. Further reading.................................................................................................. '9)595
X. Post-reading task................................................................................................. 99696
Unit 6: Recreational Sporling ................................................................................. 997 97
I. Pre-reading task................................................................................................. 997 97
II. Reading text...........................................................................................................97
III. Nevv Words and Expressions..............................................................................98
IV. Reading comprehension..................................................................................... 99
V. Vocabulary...........................................................................................................101
VI. Word study: Suffixes: -ous/-ive................................................................... 103
VII. Grammar íịcus: Adverb Clause o fT im e....................................................103
VIII. Further exercises.......................................................................................... 108
IX. Purther reading.............................................................................................. 108
X. Post-reading ta s k ............................................................................................. 109
ưnit 7: Martial A rts...................................................................................................110
I. Pre-reading task..................................................................................................110
II. Reading text...................................................................................................... 110
III. New Words and Expressions......................................................................... 111
IV. Reading comprehension................................................................................ 113
V. Vocabulary....................................................................................................... 114
VI. Word study: Suíĩixes: -less/-ful.................................................................... 116
VII. Grammar focus: Gerund after preposition..................................................117
VIII. Further exercises.......................................................................................... 121
IX. Further reading.............................................................................................. 122
X. Post-reading task ...................................................................................................123
Review in Part 1........................................................................................................... 124
Part II: KINDS OF SPORTS WITH A BALL............................................................. 129
Unỉt 1: T ennis...............................................................................................................130
I. Pre-reading task.....................................................................................................130
II. Reading text......................................................................................................... 130
III. New Words and Expressions............................................................................ 132
IV. Reading comprehension.................................................................................... 134
V. Vocabulary........................................................................................................134
VI. Word study: Preíixes: out/under-/ over- /dis- /mis- /re- / en-/+ V .............135
VII. Grammar íịcus: Passive voice: The Present Simple and
The Present Continuous Tenses...................................... 138
VIII. Further exercises ............................................................................................ 143
IX. Further reading................................................................................................. 144
X. Post-reading task................................................................................................ 146
Unit 2: Table tennis.................................................................................................... 147
I. Pre-reading task.................................................................................................... 147
II. Reading text.........................................................................................................147
III. New Words and Expressions............................................................................ 150
IV. Reading comprehension.................................................................................... 153
V. Vocabulary..........................................................................................................154
VI. Word study: Suffix: -ness................................................................................155
VII. Grammar focus: Passive voice: The Past Simple and
The Past Continuous Tenses............................................ 156
VIII. Further exercises.............................................................................................158
IX. Further reading.................................................................................................158
X. Post-reading task................................................................................................. 159
Unit 3: ĩĩandbull......................................................................................................... 160
I. Pre-reading task.................................................................................................... 160
II. Reading text.........................................................................................................160
III. New Words and Expressions............................................................................ 162
IV. Reading comprehension....................................................................................162
V. Vocabulary..........................................................................................................164
VI. Word study: Adverb of Manner (Adj + ly = Adv) ....................................... 165
VII. Grammar focus: Passive voice: The Present Perfect T ense.........................167
VIII. Further exercises............................................................................................ 170
IX. Further reading.................................................................................................172
X. Post-reading task.................................................................................................173
Unit 4: Soccer/Football..............................................................................................174
I. Pre-reading task.................................................................................................... 174
II. Reading text.........................................................................................................174
III. Nevv Words and Expressions............................................................................ 176
IV. Reading comprehension....................................................................................179
V. Vocabulary..........................................................................................................179
VI. Word study: Compound noun (Noun + Noun)...............................................180
VII. Grammar focus: Passive voice: Modal Verbs................................................183
VIII. Further exercises......................................................................................... 185
IX. Further reading................................................................................................ 186
X. Post-reading task............................................................................................... 188
Unir 5: BaskethuU......................................................................................................... 189
I. Pre-reading task.................................................................................................. 189
II. Rcading text.......................................................................................................189
III. Nevv Words and Expressions..........................................................................192
IV. Reading comprehension..................................................................................194
V. Vocabulary........................................................................................................195
VI. Word study: Sĩìxes: -tion/ -ation/ -ment—»Noun.........................................196
VII. Grammar focus: Relative Pronouns and Relative Adverbs...................... 198
VIII. Further exercises ......................................................................................... 203
IX. Further reading...............................................................................................204
X. Post-reading task............................................................................................... 206
V iil 6: Volleybull.......................................................................................................207
I. Pre-reading task.................................................................................................. 207
II. Reading text.......................................................................................................207
III. Nevv Words and Expressions.......................................................................... 210
IV. Reading comprehension..................................................................................212
V. Vocabulary........................................................................................................213
VI. Word study: The negative preíixes “ un-, im-, il-, ir-, in-” ......................... 214
VII. Grammar focus: Reduced forms ofrelative clauses..........................................216
VIII. Further exercises ........................................................................................... 219
IX. Further reading.................................................................................................220
X. Post-reading task..................................................................................................221
Ihit 7: G olf...................................................................................................................222
I. Pre-reading task.................................................................................................... 222
II. Reading text.........................................................................................................222
III. New Words and Expressions............................................................................224
IV. Reading comprehension....................................................................................225
V. Vocabulary..........................................................................................................226
VI. Word study: Sĩìxes: -al/ -able...................................................................... 228
VII. Grammar focus: Infinitives of purpose “in order to+ inf, so as to + in f\. 229
VIII. Further exercises ........................................................................................... 232
IX. Further reading...................................................................................................2334
X. Post-reading task..................................................................................................2335
Review in Part I I ..........................................................................................................2236
Glossaries in Texlbook.........................................................................................................2239
References in Textbook........................................................................................................29.97
PARTI
KINDS OF SPORTS WITHOUT A BALL
PHÀN 1
CÁC MÔN THỂ THAO KHƠNG DÙNG BĨNG
Unútt 1
GYMNASTIC:S
I. PRE - READING TASK
1. Can you match the names of the sport events to the pictures below?
A. uneven bars
B. balance beam
c. íloor exercise
D. still rings
E. high bar
F. pommel horse
4 ............................
5.............................
6 .....................
2. Do you think that Gy mnastics is the sport of beauty and danger? Why?
II. READING TEXT
Gymnastics is a sport involving the performance of
exercises requiring physical strength, ílexibility, agility,
coordination, and balance. Gymnastics evolved from
exercises used by the ancient Greeks that included skills for
mounting and dismounting a horse and from circus
performance skills.
UI,
------ — ---- „ ,T
%,
Part I: Kinds o/Sports Without A Ball
15
Intemationally, all o f the gymnastic sports are govemed by the Fédération
Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG). Each country has its own national goveming
body aíĩĩliated to FIG.
Competitive Artistic gymnastics is the
best knovvn of the gymnastic sports. It
typically involves the women's events of
uneven bars, balance beam, floor exercise,
and vault. Men's events are floor exercise,
pommel horse, still rings, vault, parallel
bars, and high bar.
Participants can include children as
young as two years old doing children's
gymnastics, recreational gymnasts o f ages 5
and up, competitive gymnasts at varying levels o f skill and world class athletes.
History
Exercises of the ancient Greeks began
with athletic feats períbrmed by each
individual according to his own notion. The
youth were encouraged to combine amusement
with exercise. In time, this kind of exercise
was incorporated into a system that íĩgured
prominently in the State regulations for
education. In fact, the period for exercise or
gytnnastics was equal to the time spent on art and music combined. All Greek cities
had a gymnasium, a courtyard for jumping, running and wrestling. In 393 After
Chnst (AD), The Emperor Theodosius abolished the Olympic Games, which by then
had become corrupt and gymnastics, along with other sports, declined. For centuries,
gyirnastics was all but forgotten. In the year 1569, Girolamo Mercuriale from Forlì
(Italy) wrote Le Arte Gymnastica, that brought together his study o f the attitudes of
the incients toward diet, exercise and hygiene, and the use of natural methods for
the cure of disease. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century Germany, two
pioreer physical educators - Johann Friedrich GutsMuths (1759-1839) and Friedrich
LudvVÍg Jahn (1778-1852), created exercises for boys and young men
on apparatus they had designed that ultimately led to what is considered
mocem gymnastics.
16
Giáo trình Tiếng Anh trong Thế t.hiao
By the end of the nineteenth century, men's
gymnastics competition was popular enough to be included
in the íirst "modem" Olympic Games in 1896. From then
on until the early 1950s, both national and intemational
competitions involved a changing variety of exercises
gathered ụnder the rubric, gymnastics, that would seem
strange to today's audiences and that included for example,
synchronized team floor calisthenics, rope climbing, high
jumping, running, horizontal ladder.
/B B L
G Y M N A S T IC S
Artistic gymnastics
Artistic gymnastics is usiuallly
divided into Men's and VVormesnVs
Gymnastics. Typically men competie con
six events: Floor Exercise, Ponrumiel
Horse, Still Rings, Vault, Parallel [Bíairs,
and High Bar. While women compette: (on
four events: Vault, Uneven Bars, Ballaimce
Beam, and Floor Exercise. In ssoirme
countries, women at one time com peỉtted
on the rings, high bar, and parallel teaars
(For example, in the 1950s in the USỈSỈPR).
Though routines períbrmed on eíaach
event may be short, they are physiiceaklly
Ĩđiausting
Í Ẽ and pushl the Ể
ế strength,
gymnast's
strenị.
exhausting
ílexibility, endurance and awarenesss 3 to
the limit.
In 2006, FIG introduced a new points system for Artistic gymnastics in wltihich
scores are no longer limited to 10 points. The system is used in the us for elite lccvvel
competition. Unlike the old code of points, there are two separate scores,. /A n
execution score and a diíĩĩculty score. In the previous system, the “execution stccoDre”
was the only score. It was and still is out of 10.00. During the gymmaaast's
períormance, the judges deduct from this score only. A fall, on or off the eventt, i;is a
1.00 deduction, in elite level gymnastics. The introduction of the diíĩĩculty scorre ■i is a
signiíĩcant change. The gymnast's difficulty score is based on what elements tthhey
perform and is subject to change if they do not perform or complete all the skilllss.i, or
they do not connect a skill meant to be connected to another. Connection bomiuuses
are the most common deduction from a diíĩiculty score, as it can be difficiulltlt to
connect multiple ílight elements. It is very hard to connect skills if the first skki ilill is
not períịrmed correctly. The new code of points allows the gymnasts to gain hiiịglghcr
scores based on the diffìculty of the skills, they perform as well as their executiconn.n.
iPart I: Kinds o f Sporís Without A Ball
1III. NE\V WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
- gymnastics ['cÌ3 Ìm'naỉstiks] (n): mơn thề dục
- involve [irTvolv] (v): bao gồm, liên quan
- períormance [psToimgns] (n): sự biểu diễn, sự thể hiện
- physical [Tizikl] (adj): liên quan đến cơ thể, vật lý, vật chất
- strength ['strer|0] (n): sức mạnh
- ílexibility [’fleks3'biliti] (n): sự mềm dẻo, uyền chuyển, linh hoạt
- agility [s'd 2 Ìlỉti] (n): sự nhanh nhẹn
- co-ordination [kou^rdi^eiỊn] (n): sự phối hợp
- balance ['basbns] (n): sự thăng băng
- evolve [i'v3Ỉv] (v): suy ra, tiến triển
- mount [maunt] (v): trèo lên, cưỡi
- disư.ount [dis'maunt] (v): xuống
- horsí [ho:s] (n): con ngựa
- circus ['ss:k3s] (n): rạp xiếc
- atTil ate [a'filjeit] (v): nhập, liên kết
- une\en [An'i:vn] (adj): không bàng phẳng, không đều, lệch
- bar [ba:] (n): thanh, xà
- bean [bi:m] (n): thanh thăng bằng
- vaul: [vo:lt] (n): mái vòm, khung vòm để nhảy qua
- Porrmel horse ['poml ho:s] (n): ngựa gỗ tay quay
- ring[rir|] (n): vòng
- paralel ['paeralel] (adj): song song, tương đưcmg, ngang hàng
- partcipam [pri:'tisipont] (n): người tham gia
- recrtational ['rckri'eiÍ3nl] (adj): có tính tiêu khiển
- corroetitive [k3m'petitiv] (adj): có tính ganh đua
- feat fi:st] (n): kỳ cơng, kỳ tích, sự điêu luyện
- gyrmast ['dsimnasst] (n): huấn luyện viên thể dục, chuyên viên thể dục
- vpíy{Ịveéxi 1 (v*)ỉ'thay đồi, làm cho khác
17
18
Giảo trình Tiếng Anh trong Thể thiao
- athlete ['ae01i:t] (n): vận động viên
- exhausting [ig'zo:stir|] (ađj): làm cho mệt lữ, kiệt sức
- endurance [in'dju3r3ns] (n): sức bền, sức chịu đụng
- avvareness [aVesnas] (n): sự nhận thức
- no longer (idiom) [nou 'lorịga]: khơng cịn... nữa
- elite ỊTlita] (adj): xuất sấc, ưu tú
- separate ['seprat] (adj): riêng lẻ, tách biệt
- execution ['eksi'k.ju:Jn] (n): sự thực hiện
- previous [’pri:vÌ3s] (adj): trước, trước đây
- judge ['d3Ad3] (n): nguời phán xét, phân xử, trọng tài
- ded u ct [di'dAkt] (v ): trừ di
- significant [sig'nifik3nt] (adj): có ý nghĩa, quan trọng, đáng kể
- bonus ['bounss] (n): tiền thưởng, phần cho thêm
- allovv [s'lau] (v): cho phép
- gain [gein] (v): đạt được, có được
IV.
READING COMPREHENSION
1. Answer the following questions
a. What characteristics does Gymnastics require?
b. What did Gymnastics develop from?
c. What does FIG stand for?
d. What is the difference betvveen Gymnastics for men and women?
e. Who can be the participants o f Gymnastics?
f. Who contributed creating modem gymnastics?
g. What events did Gymnastics include in the early 1950s?
h. What happened to Artist Gymnastics in 2006?
i. What are the scores o f the new points system?
j. What is the advantage o f the new code o f points?
2. Dccide whether the following statements arc True (T) or False (F)
a. Gymnastics originated in Greece.
Pari i Kinds o f Sports Without A Ball
19
b. The exercises used by the ancient Greeks included skills for going up and đown
a horse.
c. The Tédération Internationale de Gymnastique" is an English phrase.
d. Each country has its own national goveming body that is FIG.
e. Thcre are four events in Gymnastics for both men and women.
f. Coinpetitive gymnasts and athletes can’t take part in Gymnastics competitions.
g. AI Greek cities had a gymnasium, a courtyard for jumping, running, and vvrestling.
h. Wcmen's gymnastics competition was popular enough to be included in the first
"modem" Olympic Games in 1896.
i. Artstic gymnastics isn’t usually divided into Men's and Women's Gymnastics.
j. The gymnast's easy score is based on what elements they perform.
V. VOCABULARY
1. Fillin each blank vvith a vvord/phrase provided in thc box
judges
competed
equal
involves
bonuses
goveming
elite
pioneer
gathered
young
a. Ea;h counừy has its own national.................... body aíĩiliated to FIG.
b. It lypically.................... the women's events o f uneven bars, balance beam, floor
extrcise, and vault.
c. Paticipants can include children as .................... as two years old doing
chldren's gymnastics.
d. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century Germany, three .....................
ph/sical educators created exercises for boys and young men on apparatus.
e. In some countries, vvomen at one time .................... on the rings, high bar, and
paallel bars.
f. Bah national and intemational competitions involved a changing variety of
exircises.................... under the rubric, gymnastics.
g. Intầct, the period for exercise or gymnastics vvas.................... to the time spent
onart and music combined.
h. Th; system is used in the u s f o r .................... level competition.
20
Giáo trình Tiếng Anh trong Thể thcao
i. During the gymnast's períịrmance, th e ..................... deduct from this score onlly.
j.
Connection.................... are the most conưnon deduction from a difficulty :scoorc.
2. Match a word in A to its deíinition or synonym in B
A
B
1. Involve
a. vvork together
2. Coordinate
b. very old, dating from very long time ago
3. Evolve
c. get off a horse or a bike
4. Ancient
d. include
5. Dismount
e. link with, connect with
6. Govem
f. develop from
7. Affiliate
g. control, direct or rule
8. Competitive
h. trying very hard to be better than others
9. Participant
i.
connected vvith entertainment, amusememt
j.
the person who is taking part in an event
or activity
10. Recreational
VI.
WORD STUDY: COMPOUND ADJECTIVES
Examples:
1. The boy is 5 vears old. —» He is a 5-vears-old boy.
Noun
Adjective
2. We took a tour that lasted one month. —» We took a one-month tour.
Noun
Adjective
We can use this íòrmation to form adjectives from a number and a motuiun in
singular form. When numbers are used as an adịective, (time, age, etc.), remermbeier to
use a hyphen:
Num ber- Noun (in singular form) —» Adjective
1. My son is 5 years old.
2. My 5-year-old son starts kindergarten this year.
3. That student wrote a report that was ten pages long.
4. That student wrote a ten-page report.
Parll: Kincls o f Sports ÍVithoul A Ba 11
21
Excrciisc 1: Com plctc thc second sentcncc so that it has the same mcaning as the
iìrst, using the structure num ber-noun
1. Her call to London lasted 20 minutes.
—* She- made a .................................................................................................... to London.
2. Sarm’s new apartment is in a building which has twelve storeys.
—* Sann’s new apartment is in a ..........................................................................................
3. The manager said that the sale vvould last for 2 days.
—» The manager said that it vvould be a ........................
4. Mark bought a tool set containing 79 pieces.
—» Mark bought a ..............................................................
5 . 1 need two tables that are 1.2 meters high.
—* I nced ............................................................................
6. My parents savv a play in 3 acts last night.
—* My parents saw a .........................................................
.... lastnight.
7 . 1 met a man who is 100 kilograms this moming.
—* I met a ............................................................................
this moming.
8. She has just bought three skirts with 35 dollars each
—* She has just bought three ...........................................
9. This well is lOmeters deep.
—» This is a .........................................................................
10.1 like a mobile phone vvhich can hold 2 sims.
—* I like a ...........................................................................
Excrcỉse 2. Convcrt the dcscriptions of the undcrlincd noun phrascs into
attributive adjectives.
1. Her daughter is a ping-pong player who slams hard.
—> She has a ............................................................................................................................
2. It looked like a trophy that had been hard to vvin.
—* It looked like a .................................................................................................................
3. Our sumo Champion \veighs 200 kilograms.
—>We have a ..........................................................................................................................
Giáo trình Tiếng Anh trong Thể thao
22
4. After that T.v. program, our baby’s hair turned green.
—>We now have a ..................................................................................................................
5. The tail of the lizard I caught was three feet long.
—* I caught a lizard w ith ..........................................................................................................
VII.
GRAMMAR FOCUS: TAG QUESTIONS
Examples:
1. Gymnastics is the sport o f beauty and danger, isn 't (7?
2. Gymnastics originated in Greece, didn 7 ifí
In the two sentences above, isn ’t it and didn 't it are Tag Questions, so, ía Tag
Question includes:
•
A tag question tollovvs a statement and after stands a comma.
•
A tag question consists of 2 words only.
•
When thc statement is affirmative, the tag question is negative.
•
When the statement is negative, the tag question is affưmative.
Example:
He shouldn’t smoke, should he?
•
The structure o f a tag question is: V + s.
•
The subject of a tag question must be a pronoun.
Example:
Herparents went to America last year, didn’t theyl
If ửie verbs in the statement are be and modal verbs (can, could, shouldl, nmust,
may, will...), we reuse that kind of verbs in the tag question.
Example:
You can’t swim, can you?
If the verbs in the statement are Ordinary Verbs, we use correspimrmdiriỊ’
auxiliary verb (do, does, did) in the tag question.
Example:
She goes to school by bus, doesn’t she?
If the tag question is negative, the verb must be in the reduction form.
Example:
They have lived here for 5 years, haven’t they?
Purl 1: Kinds o f Sports ỈVithout A Ball
23
EXERCISES
Excrcise 1: Put a tag question at the end of the sentences
1. You are talking to T o m ,.................................................................
2. Nam đid the work w e ll,..................................................................
3.1 ditín’t have to speak to m e ,..........................................................
4. Herson won’t fall down, ...............................................................
5. You wouldn’t like that s h ir t,.........................................................
6. He used to write diaries, ................................................................
7. She came very la te ,.........................................................................
8. The Smiths often go svvimming at the w eekend,.......................
9. Tha;’s what you want, ...................................................................
10. There was an examination yesterday,.......................................
11. Míry and Tom have been studying French for 2 years, .........
12. His family always have beer for m e a ls,....................................
13. She is collecting stickers,.............................................................
14. We often vvatch TV in the aítemoon, .......................................
15. You have cleaned your b ik e ........................................................
16. Jotn and Max don't like M aths,..................................................
17. Peer played handball yesterday,................................................
18. Thiy are going home from school, ............................................
19. Míry didn't do her homework last Monday, ...........................
20. Hecould have bought a new c a r ,...............................................
Eiercise 2: Choose the correct question tag
1. H e’: not com ing,....................................... ?
a. isn’t he
b. is he
2. 1’rr not la te ,...............................................?
a. am I
b. am I not
3.Thi bank lenthim the m oney,....................?
a. didn’t it
4.
Yoi shouldn't do
b. isn’t
it
that.................. ?
a. shouldn’t you
b. should you
24
Giáo trình Tiếng Anh trong Thề thiao
5. You don’t take sugar in coffee,.............. ?
a. isn’t it
b. do you
6. She looks tired ,..........................................?
a. does she
b. doesn’t she
7. There’s a cinema near the station,..........?
a. isn’t it
b. isn’t there
8. He arrived la te ,.......................................... ?
a. isn’t it
b. didn’t he
9. Your parents have arrived y e t,................?
a. have they
b. haven’t they
10. It’s time to g o ,..........................................?
a. isn’t it
b. isn’t there
11.1’m rig h t,...................................................?
a. aren’t I
b. am I
12. You had seen it b ị re ,.......................... ?
a. hadn’t you
b. don’t you
13. Everybody looked so m iserable,.............?
a. didn’t everybody b. didrTt they
14. You wouldn’t do th a t,.......................... ?
a. vvould you
b. wouldn’t you
15. He’11 b e th e re ,........................................ ?
a. won’t he
b. isn’t he
16. Everybody will be ử iere,.............. ?
a. won’t it
b. won’t they
17. She’s had too much to do lately,.............?
a. isn’t she
b. hasn’t she
18. It won’t happen,.................................... ?
a. will it
b. doesn’t it
19. They should be here so o n ,................... ?
a. shouldn’t they
b. shan’t ửiey
