TRIBOLOGY - LUBRICANTS AND LUBRICATION Part 1 docx
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TRIBOLOGY - LUBRICANTS
AND LUBRICATION
Edited by Chang-Hung Kuo
Tribology - Lubricants and Lubrication
Edited by Chang-Hung Kuo
Published by InTech
Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Copyright © 2011 InTech
All chapters are Open Access articles distributed under the Creative Commons
Non Commercial Share Alike Attribution 3.0 license, which permits to copy,
distribute, transmit, and adapt the work in any medium, so long as the original
work is properly cited. After this work has been published by InTech, authors
have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they
are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication,
referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source.
Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors
and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted
for the accuracy of information contained in the published articles. The publisher
assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out
of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book.
Publishing Process Manager Iva Simcic
Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic
Cover Designer Jan Hyrat
Image Copyright Sergej Khakimullin, 2011. Used under license from Shutterstock.com
First published September, 2011
Printed in Croatia
A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from
Tribology - Lubricants and Lubrication, Edited by Chang-Hung Kuo
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-307-371-2
Contents
Preface IX
Part 1 Hydrodynamic Lubrication 1
Chapter 1 Theory of Tribo-Systems 3
Xie You-Bai
Chapter 2 Tribological Aspects of Rolling Bearing Failures 33
Jürgen Gegner
Chapter 3 Methodology of Calculation of Dynamics
and Hydromechanical Characteristics of
Heavy-Loaded Tribounits, Lubricated with
Structurally-Non-Uniform and Non-Newtonian Fluids 95
Juri Rozhdestvenskiy, Elena Zadorozhnaya, Konstantin Gavrilov
Igor Levanov, Igor Mukhortov and Nadezhda Khozenyuk
Chapter 4 The Bearing Friction of Compound Planetary Gears in
the Early Stage Design for Cost Saving and Efficiency 119
Attila Csobán
Chapter 5 Three-Dimensional Stress-Strain State of a Pipe
with Corrosion Damage Under Complex Loading 139
S. Sherbakov
Part 2 Lubrication Tests and Biodegradable Lubricants 173
Chapter 6 Experimental Evaluation on Lubricity of
RBD Palm Olein Using Fourball Tribotester 175
Tiong Chiong Ing, Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir,
Nor Azwadi Che Sidik and Syahrullail Samion
Chapter 7 Biodegradable Lubricants and
Their Production Via Chemical Catalysis 185
José André Cavalcanti da Silva
VI Contents
Chapter 8 Lubricating Greases Based on
Fatty By-Products and Jojoba Constituents 201
Refaat A. El-Adly and Enas A. Ismail
Chapter 9 Characterization of Lubricant on Ophthalmic Lenses 223
Nobuyuki Tadokoro
Chapter 10 Lubricating Oil Additives 249
Nehal S. Ahmed and Amal M. Nassar
Part 3 Solid Lubricants and Coatings 269
Chapter 11 Tribological Behaviour of
Solid Lubricants in Hydrogen Environment 271
Thomas Gradt
Chapter 12 Alternative Cr+6-Free Coatings
Sliding Against NBR Elastomer 287
Beatriz Fernandez-Diaz, Raquel Bayón and Amaya Igartua
Chapter 13 The New Methods for Scuffing and
Pitting Investigation of Coated Materials
for Heavy Loaded, Lubricated Elements 305
Remigiusz Michalczewski, Witold Piekoszewski,
Waldemar Tuszynski, Marian Szczerek and Jan Wulczynski
Preface
In the past decades, significant advances in tribology have been made as engineers
strive to develop more reliable and high performance products. The advancements are
mainly driven by the evolution of computational techniques and experimental
characterization that leads to a thorough understanding of tribological process on both
macro- and microscales. Although great strides have been made in tribology, there are
imminent challenges for researchers in the 21
st
century to develop more environmental
friendly and energy efficient technology. The purpose of this book is to present recent
progress of researchers on the hydrodynamic lubrication analysis and the lubrication
tests for biodegradable lubricants.
The book comprises three sections. The first section, Hydrodynamic Lubrication,
covers the fundamental aspects of hydrodynamic lubrication modeling and analysis. It
consists of five chapters including theory of tribo-systems, hydrodynamic lubrication
analysis of heavy-loaded tribounits lubricated with non-newtonian fluid, tribological
aspects of rolling bearing failures, bearing friction of compound planetary gears, and
the three-dimensional stress calculation of a damaged pipe under complex loading.
The second section, Lubrication Tests and Biodegradable Lubricants, covers recent
development of biodegradable lubricants. It consists five chapters including lubricity
of RBD palm olein, biodegradable lubricants and production via chemical catalysis,
lubricating greases based on fatty by-products and jojoba constituents, and
characterization of lubricant on ophthalmic lenses. The third section, Solid Lubricant
and Coatings, covers the applications of solid lubricants and surface coatings to wear
resistant. The section includes investigation of tribological behavior of solid lubricants
in hydrogen environment, alternative Cr+6-free coatings sliding against NBR
elastomer, and the new methods for scuffing and pitting investigation of coated
materials for heavy loaded, lubricated elements.
I wish to sincerely thank the authors for writing comprehensive chapters on a tight
schedule. I would also like to express my sincere appreciation to the publisher, and in
particular to Ms. Iva Simcic for her patience and excellent cooperation.
Chang-Hung Kuo
National Chi Nan University,
Taiwan
Part 1
Hydrodynamic Lubrication
