CELLULAR NETWORKS ͳ
POSITIONING,
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS,
RELIABILITY
Edited by Agassi Melikov
Cellular Networks - Positioning, Performance Analysis, Reliability
Edited by Agassi Melikov
Published by InTech
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Copyright © 2011 InTech
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Cellular Networks - Positioning, Performance Analysis, Reliability,
Edited by Agassi Melikov
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-307-246-3
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Part 1
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Part 2
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Preface IX
Positioning Problems in Cellular Networks 1
Wireless Positioning: Fundamentals, Systems
and State of the Art Signal Processing Techniques 3
Lingwen Zhang, Cheng Tao and Gang Yang
Positioning in Cellular Networks 51
Mirjana Simić and Predrag Pejović
Middleware for Positioning in Cellular Networks 77
Israel Martin-Escalona, Francisco Barcelo-Arroyo and Marc Ciurana
Hexagonal vs Circular Cell Shape:
A Comparative Analysis and Evaluation
of the Two Popular Modeling Approximations 103
Konstantinos B. Baltzis

An Insight into the Use of Smart Antennas
in Mobile Cellular Networks 123
Carmen B. Rodríguez-Estrello and Felipe A. Cruz Pérez
Mathematical Models and Methods
in Cellular Networks 149
Approximated Mathematical Analysis
Methods of Guard-Channel-Based Call
Admission Control in Cellular Networks 151
Felipe A. Cruz-Pérez, Ricardo Toledo-Marín
and Genaro Hernández-Valdez
Numerical Approach to Performance
Analysis of Multi-Parametric CAC
in Multi-Service Wireless Networks 169
Agassi Melikov and Mehriban Fattakhova
Contents
Contents
VI
Call-Level Performance Sensitivity in Cellular Networks 193
Felipe A. Cruz-Pérez, Genaro Hernández-Valdez
and Andrés Rico-Páez
Channel Assignment in Multihop Cellular Networks 211
Xue Jun Li and Peter Han Joo Chong
Mobility and QoS-Aware Service Management
for Cellular Networks 243
Omneya Issa
Radio Resource Management
in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks 267
Olabisi E. Falowo and H. Anthony Chan
Providing Emergency Services
in Public Cellular Networks 285

Jiazhen Zhou and Cory Beard
Performance Analysis of Seamless Handover
in Mobile IPv6-based Cellular Networks 305
Liyan Zhang, Li Jun Zhang and Samuel Pierre
Reliabilty Issuses in Cellular Networks 331
Automation of Cellular Network Faults 333
Okuthe P. Kogeda and Johnson I. Agbinya
Forward Error Correction for Reliable
e-MBMS Transmissions in LTE Networks 353
Antonios Alexiou, Christos Bouras, Vasileios Kokkinos,
Andreas Papazois and Georgia Tseliou
Coordination of the Cellular Networks
through Signaling 375
Metabolic Networking through Enzymatic Sensing,
Signaling and Response to Homeostatic Fluctuations 377
Victoria Bunik
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Part 3
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Part 4
Chapter 16


Pref ac e

Wireless cellular networks are an integral part of modern telecommunication systems.
Today it is hard to imagine our life without the use of such networks. Nevertheless, the
development, implementation and operation of these networks require engineers and
scientists to address a number of interrelated problems. Among them are the problem
of choosing the proper geometric shape and dimensions of cells based on geographic
location, fi nding the optimal location of cell base station, selection the scheme divid-
ing the total net bandwidth between its cells, organization of the handover of a call
between cells, information security and network reliability, and many others.
This book mainly focuses on three types of problems from the above list - Positioning,
Performance Analysis and Reliability. It contains four sections. The fi rst part is devoted
to problems of Positioning and contains fi ve chapters. Here, the fi rst three chapters
discuss various methods and models to solve these problems. Chapter 1 is a review
devoted to a detailed analysis of the main problems regarding Positioning in wireless
networks. Chapter 4 is devoted to a comparative analysis of the two most popular
choices of the geometric structure of a cell - hexagon and circle. The fi nal chapter 5 of
this part discusses some issues on signal processing using Smart Antennas.
Part 2 contains eight Chapters which are devoted to quality of service (QoS) metrics
analysis of wireless cellular networks. Chapter 6 is a review of known algorithms to
calculate QoS metrics in wireless cellular networks with call admission control based
on guard channels. Unifi ed approximate approach to QoS metrics calculations in
multi-service wireless cellular networks under two multi-parametric call admission
controls is proposed in Chapter 7. The proposed approach provides high accuracy. In
Chapter 8, QoS metrics sensitivity to the fi rst three moments of both cell dwell time
and unencumbered interruption time in cellular networks is investigated. In Chapter
9, authors propose two channel assignment schemes in multihop cellular networks -
asymmetric fi xed channel assignment and multihop dynamic channel assignment. For
both schemes exact and an approximated multi-dimensional Markov chain models are
developed to analyze its QoS metrics. In Chapter 10, call admission control and adapta-
tion (degradation and improvement) issues for elastic calls under restricted resources
and bandwidth fl uctuation has been considered. In Chapter 11, joint call admission

controls algorithms in heterogeneous cellular networks are developed and their per-
formance is investigated through numerical simulations. In Chapter 12, three call
admission control strategies (i.e. resource reservation, queuing, and preemption) in
public cellular networks with emergency services is proposed. Novel analytical mod-
els to evaluate the performance of seamless handover in mobile IPv6-based cellular
networks are developed in Chapter 13.
X
Preface
Part 3 contains two Chapters and these Chapters deal with reliability issues of wireless
cellular networks. In Chapter 14 Bayesian network model and mobile intelligent agents
approaches are combined for automating fault prediction in wireless cellular networks.
In Chapter 15, the application of forward error correction in Multimedia Broadcast over
Single Frequency Network transmissions over long term evolution wireless cellular
networks is examined.
Last Part 4 is a special one and it contains only one Chapter 16 in which basic mecha-
nisms of the metabolic network coordination are proposed and their applications in
both primary and complex networks are shown.
The book will be useful to researches in academia and industry and also to post-gradute
students in telecommunication specialitiies.
Prof. Dr Agassi Melikov
Institute of Cybernetics, National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaij an,
Azerbaij an


Part 1
Positioning Problems in Cellular Networks