BD GlAD DUC DAD TAO
TRU'ONG DR NGO~I NGV' - TIN HQC TP.HCM
KHOA CONG NGHt THONG TIN

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KHOA LUAN
TOT NGHIEP
•
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Tim hien cac cong cl} WAP Proxy.XD mQt so
ung dl}ng Wap dQng vOi PHP/MYSQL d~
DEMO kha nang eua m6i cong cl}

GIANG VIEN HU"ONG DAN : Ths.D~ng Tuin Nghia
SINH VlEN THlfC HI~N

: Quan Bfru Minh

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TP.HO CHi MINH - NAM 2009


Tim hi~u cong Cl) WAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mot so (Png dl)ng WAP dong

GVHD:f)~ng Tu~n Nghia

TP. HO CHi MINH - 2009

L01 CAM ON
8~u tien em xin gil'i lo'i dim an SflUs~c d~n th~y 8~ng Tu~n Nghi'a, th~y
da t~n tinh giup dO'chung em trong su6t qua trinh thlfc hi~n d~ an nay. M~c dli
trong qua trinh thlfc hi~n d~ tai em co nhfrng ch~m tr~ va nhfrng thi~u sot dang
trach nhung thAy v~n t~n tinh giup do' va gillp em khong nhfrng hoan thanh d~ tai
ma can co th~ tll hoan thi~n minh.
Ben c~nh Slf giup dO'cua th~y 8~ng Tu~n Nghia, em cung nh~n duQ'c
nhi~u S~l'gillp do' tu phfa truang, Sll gillp do' tu phfa cac th~y co , Sl)'giup do ttl'
phfa kho~ Cong Ngh~ Thong Tin .... 80 la nhfrng di~u ma em se mai ghi nhO' Vel

khong the nao quen dm;>'C.
M~c dli em <.ta c6 g~ng lam bai nhung khong th~ tranh duQ'c nhu'ng sai sot,
kfnh mong quy thAy co thong cam va t~n tinh chi bao cho em. Em rfrt mong nh~n
duQ'c S\1' dong gop cua Quy Th~y Co va nhfrng b~n dQc co quan tam d~n d~ tai
cua em . Sau cling, nhom xin gu'i l6'i cam an chan thanh d~n VP Khoa CNTT da
t~o di~u ki~n cho nhom duQ'c thllC hi~n d~ tai nay. Th~y £)~ng Tu~n NghTa da
khong ngung h6 trQ'em trong thai gian thlfC hi~n d~ tai. Th~y (Co) phan bi~n da
cho em nhfrng dong gop hfru feh.
Xin Chan thanh cam 011!

SVTH:Quan BtfU Minh

Trang 1


Tim hieu cong Cl) WAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mot

s6 ling

dl)ng WAP dong
GVHD:D~ng Tu~n Nghia

Chu'ong 1 T8ng quan v~ d~ tai

4

Chu'011g 2 T8ng quan v~ WAP
5
2.1 W AP lit gi
5

2.1.1 Khai ni~m v~ W AP
5
2.1.2 Lich su- ella W AP
5
2.1.3 Mo hinh ki~n truc giao thu'c W AP
6
2.1.4 W AP ho~t dQng nhu' th~ nao ?
9
2.1.5 WML la gi ?
10
2.1.6 Cach su' d1}ng WML
II
2.1.7 Tim hi~u v~ Deck?
19
2.1.8 C~u hinh server cho WML?
21
2.2 W ALL4 PUP
23
2.2.1 Wall4php la gi ?
23
2.2.2 Uuong ddn cai d~t Wall4php
23
2.2.3 Cac the du'Q'c h8 trQ'
25
2.3 Zen d Fra mew 0 rk ..
29
2.3.1 Gim thi~u v~ Zend FrameWork
29
2.3.2 Thanh Ph~n cua Zend Framwork
29

2.3.3 Cai d~t Zend FrameWork
31
2.3.4 M 0 hin h MV C
31
2.4 Tim hi~u SMS gateway ,
33
.
2.4.1 Cong ngh~ tin ohaD SMS
33
2.4.1.1 Khai ni~m cO"ban
33
2.4.1.2 Nhfrng tin nhAn SMS m~ng nhan
34
2.4.1.3 Tin nhAn SMS m~ng ki~n truc va nQi Protocols 36
2.4.2 GSM SMS
38
2.4.2.1 Tin nhAn SMS nhAn tin vm mQt di~n tho~i
38
2.4.2.2 K~t nAi di~n tho~i vm PC b~ng cap RS232
39
2.4.2.3 K~t nAi di~n tho~i vm PC b~ng cap USB
41
2.4.2.4 K~t nAi di~n tho~i vm PC vm c8ng hAng ngo~i . 44
2.4.2.5 K~t nAi di~n tho~i vm PC voi Bluetooth (BT) ... 44
2.4.3 Cai d~t may cho
45
A
'"
2.4.3.1 Phan cu'ng va phan mem yeu cau
45

2.4.3.2 Cac bu'o-c cai d~t
45
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SVTH:Quan StIU Minh

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Trang 2


TIm hi~u cong Cl,lWAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mot 56 CPngdl,lng WAP dong
GVHD:D~ng

Tudn Nghia

2.4.3.3 Cai dM trinh di~u khi~n
56
2.4.3.3.1 HU'01Ig dftn cdu hinh GSM Modem
58
2.4.3.3.2 Kho; dqng GSM modem k~t n&i..
61
2.4.3.4 Cai d~t trinh Plugins
61
2.4.3.4.1 HU'CYngdftn cftu hinh CoosO'dti'li~u plugin. 63
2.4.4 Huong dftn SUo d\lng va cach thay dAi user
70

ChU'o'ng 3 Thi~t k~ h~ th&ng demo
3.1 Thi~t k~ co' so' dti'li~u
3.1.1 Me) hinh thU'c th~ k~t htYn
3.1.2 Chi ti~t th\l'~ th~
~~
3.1.3 Me) ta chi ti~t cac bang

3.2 Site map
3.3 Giao Di~n va chu'c nang
3.3.1 Phan quan trj
3.3.2 PhAn nguo; su d1}.ng
3.3.2.1 Giao di~n tren web (may vi Hnh)
3.3.2.2 Giao di~n WAP (Di~n Tho~i Di Dqng)
Chu'O'ng 4: ~~t lu~n
4.1 Ket qua (fat duo.c
4.2 H ,!,ong phat trieD
4.3 Ket lu ~n
Danh m\lc tai li~u tham khao

.

SVTH:Quan Bli'u Minh

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82
82
82
83
86
88
90
90
99
99
101

104
104
105
105
106

Trang 3


Tim hieu cong Cl,JWAP PROXY.Xay dl,J'ng mot so (Png dl,Jng WAP dong
GVHD:D~ng TuAn Nghia

?

,

,

ChU'ong 1 Tong quan ve de tili
Cong ngh~ phat tri~n , cung voi Sl,l'Ion mC;lnhclla internet da phat sinh ra
cae thi~t bj eelm tay nhi~u ehlfe nang. Sl,l'Ion nwnh clla cae thi~t bj di dQng va Sl,l'
ph6 bi~n ella ehi~c di~n thoC;lidi dQng, da thu hut cac nha delu tu nghien elm trong
lanh v\fe nay. Ngay eang ph6 bi~n, ehi~c di~n tho~i da dUQ'ephat tri~n nhu mQt
chi~c may tinh thu nh6 dely dll ehue nang nhlf : giai tri, nghe nh~c , van phong ,
luot web v.v ... N~m b~t dUQ'eSl,l'phat tri~n do cae nha cung eftp dieh V\l da ph at
tri~n W AP - Dtll1g eho cae chi~c di~n thoC;lidi dQng luot web
Hang lo~t chu~n clla di~n thoC;lida va dang dU"Q"c
phat tri~n nhfim giup
chi~c di~n thO~likhong dan thueln la nghe VelgQi ma tro- thanh mQt pheln khong
th~ thi~u clla con nguai trong eong vi~e, trong cUQc s6ng. Song song do cae nha

phat tri~n web cling da xay d\fng nen chu~n moi nhanh han, ti~n IQ'ihan eho
chi~e di~n tho~i, va do chfnh la S\f ra dai Clla WAP
f)~tai "Tim hi~u cae eong e\l WAP- PROXY. Xay dVng mQt s6 ung d\lng
W AP dQng" la mQt d~ tai thuQc huang tim hi~u cong ngh~ va phat tri~n ung
d\lI1g. Website duQ'c xay dl,l'ng bfing each tieh hgp voi WAP-PROXY lam eho
trang web tro- nen linh hOC;ltvtra co th~ luot web bfing may tinh va wa co th~ tmy
c~p bfing di~n thoC;liqua cae chmln nhu GPRS ,3G.
Ngoai ra d6i voi cae di~n thoC;lithuCYngchi co cac tinh nang ca ban nhu
nghe gQi va nh~n tin cling co th~ tra euu di~m thi thong qua tin nh~n SMS.
D\l'a VflOyeu celu ma d~ tai da giao, em
hi~n chuc nang cho phep tim ki~m va tra cuu
bfing cach Slr d\lng trinh duy~t Web tren may
di~n thoC;liva d~c bi~e co th~ tra elm di~m thi
bi~n va thong d\:mg nh:lt la nh~n tin SMS.

SVTH:Quan 81.i'uMinh

da Xay dv'ng mQt Website th\l'c
di~m thi Clla sinh vien khoa CNTT
vi tfnh ho~c trinh duy~t Wap Clla
tren di~n thoC;libfing chue nang ph6

Trang 4


Tim hi~u cong Cl,JWAP PROXY.Xay dl,J'ng mot so ling dl,Jng WAP dong
GVHD:D~ng Tufin Nghia

?


Chrrong 2 Tong quan

ve Wap
,

2.1 WAP lit gi
2.1.1 Khai ni~m v~ WAP
W AP chinh 1£1tu vi~t tilt eua Wireless Access Protocol (mQt s6 sach dung
Wireless Application Protocol)-giao thll'c truy c~p thong tin khong day, day 1£1
mQt thu~t ngu' chung dung d~ chi cac giao thll'c da tfmg hay cac cong ngh~ nh~m
m~ICdich dua nQi dung Clla mQt trang Web d~n cac thi~t bi di dQng nhu PDA
ho~c di~n tho~t di dQng.
Khong nhu h~ may PC, cac thi~t bi tren thucmg duQ'c am chi ngay d~n cac
lo?i may nh6 be, b6'i vi chlmg c6 dt nhiSu gi6i h?n khi hi~n thl, nh~p thong tin,
bQ nh6 I?i nh6, CPU kem, hay phAn clrng ho~c nhi~u kha nang khac. N~n tang
"go b6" k~t hqp v6i duang truy~n ch~m ( nhi~u khi chi phi qua t6n kem) cua
thi~t bi va cac m?ng lu6i lien quan, khi~n diu chuy~n khai thac cac ti~n ich sfrn
c6 cua giao thuc Internet chu~n g?P b~ tilc. Vi~c suod1,1ngmQt cong ngh~ m6i nhll'
W AP, kem v6i cac cong C\l tien ti~n giup chung ta khilc ph\lc nhi~u di~m y~u
tren.
M?c dil tieu chu~n nay chua duQ'c chu~n h6a tren toan cAu, nhung nhfrng
lrng d1,1ngcua giao thuc nay da tac dQng dt 16n d~n nganh cong nghi~p di dQng
va cac IInh V1,1'C
djch V1,1
lien quan. W AP leigiao thuc truy~n thong mang l~i dt
nhi~u ung d1,1ngcho nguai SIT d1,1ngthi~t bj dAu cu6i di dQng nhu Email, web,
mua ban tf1,1'C
tuy~n, ngan hang t~rc tuy~n thong tin chung khoan, v.v ...
2.1.2 Lich Slf clla WAP
W AP chi cac cong ngh~, giao thu'c m6' fQng dung d~ khai thac ti~n ich

Internet til thi~t bj di dQng. Cau chuy~n WAP dll'Q'ckh6'i dAu giCi'anhCi'ngnam 90,
vao thai gian d6 da c6 mQt s6 nha phan ph6i hang h6a su d\lng Internet qua thi~t
bj di dQng nhu 1£1mQt cQng ql qmh tranh, hQ suod\lng mQt s6 cong ngh~ nhu :
Nokia's Narrow Band Sockets (NBS) and Tagged Text Markup
Language (TTML)
Ericsson's Intelligent Terminal Transfer Protocol (ITTP)
Unwired Planet's Handheld Device Markup Language (HDML)

SVTH:Quan Bt'ru Minh

Trang 5


TIm hi~u cong Cl,JWAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mot

s6 (Png dl,Jng WAP

dong
GVHD:D~ng Tu~n Nghia

•

M6i cong ngh~ co uu va nhugc di~m rieng, I11Qts6 thi trlll1g l~p Ifln nhau.
Tinh da dc;lI1gnay de dQa S1)'khai d~u Clla WAP, khi~n buac ti~n cua no chi ph\l
thuQc van cac t~p doan cung c~p. Nhung Th~t l11ayl11~nkhi van gifra nam 1997,
vi elfU tinh WAPforum dugc thanh l~p, cuu v01:W AP, Iien k~t cac nha phat tri~n
va thuc d~y vi~c dua ra I11Qtchu~n chung cho cae giao thuc va cong ngh~. Cling
lrong nam do, nganh cong nghi~p W AP ti~n them mQt buac lo-n vo-i S\,l'hinh
thanh cua Lien Minh OMA (Open Mobile Alliance) , k~t hgp mQi huang phat
tri~n va nhi~u chufrn khac nhau thanh mQt.


2.1.3 Mo hinh ki~n truc giao thil'c WAP
Mo hinh WAP chinh la 1110hinh WWW (World Wide Web) vo-i I11Qts6 tinh nang
nang cao. Trong do, hai tinh nang quan trQng nh~t la: dAy (Push) va h6 trQ'tho~i.
NQi dung thong tin W AP dugc truy~n tai nho' I11Qtt~p cac giao thtl'c truy~n thong
tieu chu~n trong t~p giao thuc WAP. WAP dinh nghia mQt t~p cac thanh ph~n
tieu chuAn cho phep truy~n thong gifra thi~t bi d~u cu6i va may chu m~ng g6m:
Mo hinh ten tieu chu:in: Cac URL dugc suod\lng d~ nh~n d~ng nQi dung
W AP tren cac may chu, URI dugc suod\lng d~ nh~n d~ng tai nguyen trong
mQt thi~t bi, vi d\l nhu chuc nang di~u khi~n cUQc gQi.
Ki~u nQi dung: dugc dua ra tren ki~u d~c tmng gi6ng nhu WWW.
Cac khuon d~ng nQi dung tieu chu:in: d1)'atren cong ngh~ WWW va bao
g6m ngon ngfr danh d~u, thong tin lich, cac d6i tugng, hinh anh va ngon
ngfr kich ban (Script).
Cac giao thue truy~n thong tieu ehu~n: eho phep truy~n thong cae yeu e~u
d~u eu6i di dQng to-i may chu m~ng thong qua e6ng WAP. Cac tieu chu:in
nay t6i uu theo huang cua thi~t bi d~u eu6i Slr d\lng.

Tuang tv nhu rna hinh k~t n6i h~ th6ng rna OSI, cae ngan x~p eua giao thue
WAP dugc chia thanh cac lap cho phep d~ dang rna rQng, thay d6i va phat tri~n.
Giao thu'c truy nh~p ung d\mg va tuy~n W AP g6m co 5 10-p:
L6'p truy~n hii: giao thtl'e datagram va tuy~n (WOP)
Lo-p bao m~t: giao th(l'c 10-ptruy~n tai va tuy~n (WTLS)
Lo'P giao v~n: giao thtl'e giao v~n va tuy~n (WTP)
Lo'p phien: giao thu'c phien va tuy~n (WSP)
Lap u'ng dl,lng: Moi tnl'Crng (rng d\ll1g va tuy~n (WAE)

SVTH:Quan Btl'u Minh

Trang 6



Tim hi~u cong Cl.lWAP PROXY.Xay dl,Png mot so (Png dl.lng WAP dong

GVHD:D~ng Tufin Nghia

Tfrt ca cae ngan x~p giao thuc WAP d~u duQ'c thi~t k~ d~ phil hQ'p v6'i cac di6u
ki~n rang bUQccua ITIl;lngdi dQng. M6i ITIQtl6'p cung cfrp mQt t~p cac chuc nang
ho~c cac dich V\l t6'i cac dich Y\l va ung d\lng khac qua t~p giao di~n tieu chu~n.
Ki~n truc WAP tach cac giao ti~p dich V\l til cac giao thuc cung cfrp dich V\1d~
cho phep ITIarQng cac d~c tfnh va t\f do l\fa chQn cac giao thuc thfch hQ'Pcho
ITIQtnQi dung C\1th~. Rfrt nhi~u cac dich V\1trong ngan x~p co th~ dUQ"ch6 trQ"bai
ITIQtho~c nhi~u giao thtrc. Vf d\l dich V\1tlUy~n da phuang ti~n dUQ"ch6 trQ"bai 2
giao thuc HTTP va WSP.
Cac giao thtrc tren l6'p nay dUQ"cthi~t k~ va chQn l\fa d~ di~u h~mh tren nhi~u
djch V\1mang khac nhau, bao g6m nh~n tin ng~n SMS, dll"li~u chuy~n nll;lch
kenh va dfr li~u goi. Cac kenh ITIangdua ra nhi~u ITItl'Cchfrt lUQ"ngdjch V\l khac
nhau tuang trng v6'i thong lUQ"ng,ti l~ l6i, va dQ tr~. Cac giao thtrc l6'p ITIang
thong tin dUQ"ct<;10ra nh~ITIkh~c pll\lc cac di~ITIy~u Clla kenh mang thong tin,
tuy bi~n theo ttrng lo~i hinh dich V\l.
LOll dich v\I truy~n tai

L6'p nay cung cfrp S\f hQi t\1gifra cac dich V\1ITIangv6'i cac phfrn con ll;licua ngan
x~p W AP. Giao thuc dfr li~u vo tuy~n WDP (Wireless Datagram Protocol) chua
mQt t~p cac k~t n6i kenh ITIangkhac nhau va h6 trQ"cac k:9 thu~t d~ cac giao thuc
chl;ly tren no. Cac t~p k~t n6i nay thay d6i theo hl;ltfrng ca sa ml;lng va cac dich
V\1tlUy~n thong cfrn cung cfrp. WDP truy~n va nh~n cac dfr li~u tir cac thi~t bi
dfru cu6i ITIl;lng,WDP cling th\fc hi~n vi~c phan dOl;lngoi tin va dong goi cac
datagram cho phil hQ"pv6'i d~c tfnh cua kenh mang thong tin. Giao thuc ban tin
di~u khi~n vo tuy~n WSMP lit mQt phfrn me)"rQng cua WDP lit giao thtl"c bao cao

l6i co cO"ch~ tuang t\f ICMP trong Internet, giao thuc nay huu d\lng khi W AP
khong Slr d\1ng tren kenh mang IP ho~c cho m\lC dfch thu th~p thong tin va ch~n
doan ml;lng.

M\lc tieu cua bao m~t l6'p truy~n tai vo tuy~n WTLS (Wireless Transport Layer
Security) la dam bao tfnh nang bao m~t gifra cac thi~t bi dfru cu6i W AP va
c6ng/uy quy~n WAP. WTLS dua ra khung lam vi~c cho cac k~t n6i an toan cho
cac ung d\lng tlUy~n thong 2 chi~u. WTLS suod\lng cac thanh phfrn til cac giao
thtl'c bao m~t cO"ban cua Internet nhu lo-p socket an toan SSL (Socket Security
Layer) va bao m~t l6'p truy~n tai TLS (Transport Layer Security). Nguyen t~c
SVTH:Quan Btl"U Minh

Trang 7


Tim hieu cong Cl,JWAP PROXY.Xay dl,J'ng mot so CPngdl,Jng WAP dong
GVHD:D~ng TuAn Nghia

Clla WTLS cho phep chung nh~n cac dli' li~u g6c, xac nh~n ban quy~n cua ban
tin. £)~ dam bao tinh rieng ill va tinh toan v~n clia dfr li~u, cac ky thu~t ma hoa
va cac ma nh~n thl,fc ban tin duqc Sll'd\lng. £)~ thi~t l~p cac delu n6i an toan,
trong pha thi~t l~p duqc t(;lOra cac tham s6 cfrn thi~t nhu: d~t tham s6, chuy~n d6i
khm1, va nh~n th1,1'C.
Gi6ng nhu cac giao thuc khac cua WAP, WTLS t6i uu cho
cac kenh truyLOll giao v~n
Giao thtl'c giao v~n vo tuy~n WTP (Wireless Transaction Protocol) co nhi~m v1,1
dap ung cac yeu cfru va tra lo'i v~ phuong ti~n truy~n thong tu nguai Sll"d1,1ngt6"i
may chu trng d1,1ngva nguqc l(;li.WTP tuong thich v6"i cac di~u ki~n rang bUQc
v~ bang thong h(fp Clla moi truang vo tuy~n, trong do no t6i thi~u tieu d~ giao

thtl"cqua vi~c t6i thi~u s6 luqng l~n phat l(,ii.Cac d~c tinh chu ch6t cua WTP la
cung celp cac djch V1,1
giao v~n cho cac hO(;ltdQng trl,l'ctuy~n nhu duy~t Web.
WTP duqc thi~t k~ d~ tang s6 IUQ'ngcac pha giao v~n, giam cac thu t1,1Cphat l(,ii,
xac nh~n va thu t1,1C
giai phong. Ngoai ra, WTP can co th~ ma rQng chuc nang
phan dO(;lnva t(;lOl(;liban tin. T6 hqp giao thtl'c giao v~n vo tuy~n WTP va giao
thuc phien vo tuy~n WSP (Wireless Session Protocol) cung celp djch V1,1 truy~n
tai sieu van ban (hypermedia) gifra cac phfrn tu' m(;lng qua truy~n tai phi k~t n6i,
trong khi giao thuc truy~n tai sieu van ban HTTP cung celp djch V1,1truy~n tai
sieu van ban qua truy~n tai co hu6ng k~t n6i.
L6'P phien
Giao thuc 16"pphien vo tuy~n WSP ho trq 16"ptrng d1,1ngcua W AP mo ta trong
phien vai mQt giao ti~p Clla 2 djch V1,1phien: k~t n6i co hu6"ng dam bao dQ tin c~y
va phi k~t n6i khong dam bao dQ tin c~y. WTP cung celp cac phuong ti~n truy~n
thong nhu:
Ho trq chuc nang HTTP, d~ giam tai cho WSP thi Slr d1,1ngphien ban
HTTP 1.1.
Ghep n6i nguai dung vao thanh vien cua phien truy~n thong dfr li~u co
thai gian truy~n 1611.
Yeu cfru cho cac may chu dfiy dll' Ii~u tai nguai Slr d1,1ng.
T(;lora mQt chuoi thu tl,lc cho phep ung d1,1ngmay chu xac djnh nguai dung
co ho~c khong ho trO'cae phuung ti~n va celu hinh giao thtl'c thich hqp.
SVTH:Quan BlfU Minh

Trang 8


Tim hieu c6ng Cl,IWAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mQt so ling dl,lng WAP dQng
GVHD:D~ng Tuftn Nghia

Klui nang ngung va tai t~o phien.
WSP h6 trQ'co ch~ cache tieu d~ d~ tang hi~u qua kenh tmy~n. Giao thtrc HTTP
tnly~n th6ng khong h6 trQ'cache tieu d~ nen khoang 90% cae yeu c~u chua cac
tieu d~ c6 dinh v~n phai chuy~n tren m~ng.
L&p u.ng d\lng
Moi truo'ng ung d\lI1g vo tuy~n WAE (Wireless Application Enviroment) nfim
trong lap trng d1,1ngcung c~p moi tm'cyng cho phep rna rQng mi~n cac ung d\ll1g
duQ'c Slr d\ll1g tren cac thi~t bi vo tuy~n bao g6m ca dich V1,1
tin nh~n da phuong
ti~n [3]. W AP co hai ki~u tac nhan (agent) trong thi~t bi vo tuy~n: tac nhan slf
d\ll1g WML (Wireless Markup Language) va agent su d\ll1g WT A (Wireless
Telephony Application) d~ h6 trQ'tho~i.
2.1.4 WAP ho~t dQng nhtl" th~ nao ?
Ph~n nay se t?P trung VaGco ch~ hi~n thi nQi dung mot trang WML d~n thi~t bi
di dQng thong qua cac cong ngh~ m~ng lien quan. Tuy hi~n nay co nhi~u giao
thuc va cong ngh~ v?n hanh W AP nhung chung tuong d6i gi6ng nhau, m?ng
lu&i cac thi~t bi khong day cua cac nha cung c~p dich V1,1
se duQ'c n6i v&i m?ng
lu&i Internet thong qua mQt proxy server (can duQ'c g9i la W AP Gateway).

Internet

Hinh 1.1 C6ng WAP k~t n6i gil1a Internet va M~ng lu&i thi~t

bi

khong day

W AP Gateway se thl,fc hi~n nhi~m V1,1

quan ly s\r tmy~n-nh?n thong tin gifra thiet
bi khong day v&i cac Internet server, gi6ng nhu la mQt chi~c ctmg thong d~n
m~ng lu&i Internet V?y. W AP Gateway ti~n hanh luu trl1 nQi dung c~n hi~n thi,
trong mQt s6 tru'ang hQ'pchung ti~n hanh chuy~n trang HTML tho sang mQt d~ng

SVTH:Quan Buu Minh

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Tim hi~u cong Cl) WAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mot

s6 ling

dl)ng WAP dong

GVHD:D~ng Tudn Nghia

phu hqp v6i giao thuc W AP, VI dv nhu WML.
Thong thucmg thi cac thiet bj di dQng ngay nay d~u duQ'c cai s~n trinh duy~t hi~u
WML. Cho du cac nha cung cfrp dich vv Slr d\lI1g nhi~u lo~i trinh duy~t khac
nhau nhung helu h~t chung d~u h6 trQ'WML, co khi dll'Q'ccai s~n ho~c djch
WML sang HDML. Can ve HDML, no duQ'c coi nhu la mQt chuAn ph6 bi~n ti~n
than cua WML, ngon ngu' danh dfru dimh cho cac thi~t bj celm tay HDML (
Handheld Device Markup Language) v~n can t6n t~i tren mQt s6 it thiet bi. Tuy
nhien, do nhi~u gi6i h~n cua nguai anh HDML, WML deln tro' thanh ngon ngu'
dll'Q'csuod\lI1g rQng rai han.
Hay cAn th~n : N~u k~ ho~ch Clla b~n d\l'a vao mQt n~n tang thi~t bi rieng bi~t,
cach t6t nhfrt Iii ti~n hanh ki~m tra th~t ky tren lo~i thi~t bj do. MQt khi xay d\rng
k~ ho~ch cho m\lC dfch cong cQng, b~n nen Sll'dVng chuAn chung d~ ph at tri~n,

nen tranh suodVng cac pheln ma rQng (1Qcquy~n .
2.1.5 WML lit gi ?
WML la ngon ngfr duQ'c Slr dVng nhi~u nhAt tren cac thi~t bj khong day hi~n nay.
V ~ ca ban, WML 1£1mQt d~ng ngon ngfr ma rQng cua HTML, nhung no I~i duQ'c
phat tri~n dlJa tren XML. Do do, n~u b~n da quen v6i XML thi vi~c ti~p c~n,xay
d\l'ng ung d\ll1g v6i WML tra nen d~ dang han.
ChuAn WML hi~n da co phien ban 1.3, m~c du nhi~u thi~t bj duQ'c suod\ll1g tren
thj truang chi h6 trQ'phien ban 1.1. Do v~y, khi phat tri~n WML b~n nen lo~i bo
nhfrng d~c tinh m6i cua WML 1.3, n~u khong b~n phai bi~t r~ng thj truang m\lc
tieu cua minh da s~n sang v6i WML 1.3.
MQt vai di~m khac nhau gifra WML va chuAn HTML :
WML 1£1mQt d~ng ngon ngfr co cfru truc b~c cao, rfrt ch~c che v~ cll phap. MQt s6
trinh duy~t HTML hi~n hiInh cho phep thi~u cac c~p tag hay djnh d~ng lQn xQn.
Nhung nhfrng 16i nhu v~y khong duQ'c phep t6n t~i trong WML, n~u co trinh
duy~t WML se bao 16i va khong hi~n thj nQi dung.
WML 1£1mQt ngon ngfr rfrt nh~y. Hai tab <b> va <B> duac xem nhu hai tab khac
nhau cho du chung d~u co chtl'c nang lam to d~m chfr. Do do, b~n phai cAn th~n
khi dong va ma mQt tab nao.
Nhi~u tab doi hoi phai co thuQc tlnh. Trong HTML, b~n chi tinh d~n thuQc tinh
ma b~n celn, nhung WML yeu celu b~n phai chi ra dely du thuQc tlnh, th~m chi
SVTH:Quan BifU Minh

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Tim hieu c6ng Cl,JWAP PROXY.Xay dl,J'ng mot so (Png dl,Jng WAP dong
GVHD:D~ng Tu~n Nghia

cho du chung r6ng hay m~c dinh.
Trang WML duQ'c cftu truc trong cac "deck", cha plH~pnhi~u trang duQ'c dinh

nghTa trong mQt file WML.
WML cung co d~ng ngon ngu' kjch ban phia may khach, do la WMLScript, no
h6 tr9' vi9C thvc thi nhi~u ti~n trinh, quan Iy xuftt nh~p thong tin, .... WMLScript
la mQt dc;lI1gma rQng clla JavaScript.

2.1.6 each su- dt,lDg WML
Dinh dang WML:
- Decks va The (Card) :
WML cac trang web thuang dU"Q"c
gQi la "decks". MQt deck ch{ra mQt bQ cac the.
MQt the co th~ ch{ra cac y~u t6 van ban, danh d~u, lien k~t, d~u vao-l1nh V\JC,
nhi~m vv, hinh anh va nhi~u han mla. The co th~ dUQ'clien quan d~n vai nhau
bftng SV' lien k~t.
Khi mQt trang WML duQ'c truy c~p tu di~n tho~i di dQng, t~t ca cac the trong
trang duQ'Ctai xu6ng tu cac may chli WAP. Danh mvc chinh gifra cac the duQ'C
thvc hi~n bai cac may tinh di~n tho~i - di~n tho~i ben trong - ma kh6ng c~n them
b~t ky quy~n truy c~p VaGmay server
Vi d1,1nhu :
<?xml version=" I.O"?>
'' />
WML I.lI/EN"

<wml>
<card id="no 1" title="Card I">

Hello World!

<Icard>
<card id="na2" title="Card 2">

Welcome to our WAP Tutorial!

<Icard>

SVTH:Quan

BLflI

Minh

Trang 11


Tim hieu cong Cl,JWAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mot so (Png dl,Jng WAP dong
GVHD:D~ng Tufin Nghia

</wml>

K~t qua trong di~n tho(;li di dQng hi~n thj (Iuu
thj t(;liniQt thai di~m):

y r~ng chi

co mQt the se du'Q'chi~n

Hello World!
- Dong va doan van Breaks:
MQt the WML co th~ duQ'c thi~t I~p d~ hi~n thj cac dO(;lnvan va dong:
<?xml version=" I.O"?>
'' />
WML I.IIIEN"

<wml>

<card title="Paragraphs">

This is a paragraph

This is another
with

a line break

<Icard>
</wml>
K~t qua trong di~n tho(;lidi dQng cua b(;lnhi~n thj:

------ Paragraphs -----This is a paragraph
This is another

SVTH:Quan

Btl'll

Minh

Trang 12


Tim hieu cong Cl) WAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mot so (Png dl)ng WAP dong

GVHD:D~ng Tu~n Nghia

with a line break
- Dinh dang van ban:
MQt the WML co th~ duQ'c thi6t l~p d6 hi6n thj van ban theo djnh d~ng :
<?xml version=" 1.0"?>
'' /><wml>
<card title="Formatting">

normal

<em>emp has ized</ em>

<s tron g>s tron g</ stro ng>

<b>bold</b>

<i>i tali c</i >

<u>underl ine</u>

<big>big</big>

<small>small</small>

<Icard>
</wml>
K6t qua trong di~n tho~i di dQng cua b~n hi~n thj:
----- Formatting ----normal
emphasized

strong
bold
italic
underline
big

small

SVTH:Quan Buu Minh

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Tim hieu cong Cl,lWAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mot so li'ng dl,lng WAP dong

GVHD:D~ng Tu~n Nghia

- Table:
Mot the WML co th~ duQ'c thi~t I~p d~ hi~n thi Table:
<?xml version=" I.O"?>
'' />
WML I.IIIEN"

<wml>
<card title="Table">

<table columns="3 ">
<tr>
<td>Cell 1<ltd>
<td>Cell 2</td>
<td>Cell 3</td>

</tr>
</table>

<Icard>
</wml>
K~t qua trong di~n tho~i di dong cua b~n hi~n thi:
------ Table -----Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3
Links:
- <anchor> :
Cac ill khoa <anchor> luan luan co mot nhi~m V1,1
( "di", "prev", ho~c "refresh")
duQ'c xac dinh. Dinh nghla v~ cang vi~c phai lam gi khi ngwJi Slr d1,1ngIva ch<;m
cac lien k~t. Trang vi d1,1nay, khi nguai Slr d1,1ngIva chQn la "Next Page", thi se
link t6i trang test.wml
<?xml version=" 1.0"?>
'' /><wml>
<card title="Anchor Tag">

SVTH:Quan Btru Minh

Trang 14


Tim hieu cong

Cl,J

WAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mot so CPngdl:mg WAP dong

GVHD:D~ng Tufin Nghia

<anchor>Next page
<go href="test.wml"l>
</anchor>

<Icard>
</wml>
- <a>:
Cac ill khoa <a> luon luon thl)"Chi~n mot nhi~m \'1,1"di" , khong co bi6n. Vi d~1
duai day hi~n gi6ng nhu tlf khoa <anchor> vi d~:
<'?xml version=" I .O",?>
'' /><wml>
<card title="A Tag">

<a href="test.wml">Next

<Icard>
</wml>
-

WML I.IIIEN"

page</a>

<img>:

Mot the WML co th~ duqc thi~t I~p d~ hi~n thj mot hinh anh:
<?xml version=" 1.0"?>

'' /><wml>
<card title="Image">

This is an image
in a paragraph

SVTH:Quan

Btru Minh

alt="stickman"

WML 1.lI/EN"

I>

Trang 15


Tim hi~u cong Cl) WAP PROXY.Xay

dl)'ng mot

s6 ling

dl)ng WAP dong
GVHD:D~ng Tuftn Nghia

•

<Icard>
</wml>
K~t qua trong di~n tho~i di dQng Clla b~n hi~n th!:
------ Image ------

This is an image
paragraph

l in a

y r~ng.

Wbmp chi la mQt I09i hinh anh co th~ duQ'c hi~n thj trong Clra s6
trinh duy~t WAP.
LU1.1

Input:
- <Input> :
MQt the WML co th~ duQ'c thi~t l~p d~ cho phep mQt nguoi dung nh~p thong tin,
nhu trong vi dl) nay ch(rng to:
<?xml version=" 1.0"'1>
WML 1.1I/EN"
'' /><wml>
<card title="Input">

Name: <input name="Name" size=" I 5"/>

Age: <input name="Age" size=" IS" format="*N"/>

Sex: <input name="Sex" size=" 15"/>

<Icard>
</wml>

SVTH:Quan Btru Minh

Trang 16


TIm hieu cong Cl) WAP PROXY.Xay

dl)'ng mot so (Png dl)ng WAP dong
GVHD:D~"g Tuft" Nghia

K~t qua trong di~n tho<;tidi dQng Clla b<;tnhi~n thj:
----- Input ----------

r' -

Name:
Age :
Sex:

-

Select va Option:

MQt the WML co th6 duQ'c thi~t I~p d~ hi~n thj cac I\ra chQn :
<?xml version=" I.O",?>

'' /><wml>

List 1">

<select>
<option value="htm">HTML Tutorial<loption>
<option value="xml ">XML Tutorial</option>
<option value="wap">WAP Tutorial<loption>
</select>

<Icard>
</wml>
K~t qua trong di~n tho<;tidi dQng cua b<;tnhi6n thj:
--- Selectable List 1---

SVTH:Quan Buu Minh

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Tim hieu cong Cl,JWAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mot so (Png dl,Jng WAP dong
GVHD:D~"g Tuft" Nghia

C

HTML Tutorial

C XML Tutorial
C

W AP Tutorial

Vi d~l khac :
<'?xml version=" 1.0",?>
'' /><wml>

List 2">

<select multiple="true">
<option value="htm">HTML Tutorial</option>
<option value="xml">XML Tutorial</option>
<option value="wap">WAP Tutorial</option>
</select>

<Icard>
</wml>
K~t qua trong di~n tho~i di d(>ng clla b~n hi~n thi:

--- Selectable List 2---

r~
r

r

HTML Tutorial
XML Tutorial
W AP Tutorial

SVTH:Quan 8tI'U Minh

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Tim hieu cong Cl) WAP PROXY.Xay

dl)'ng mot so ung dl)ng WAP dong

GVHD:D~ng Tuftn Nghia

2.1.7 Tim hi~u v~ Deck?
Cac trang WML dugc c~u truc ben trong mQt deck, deck cho pIH~Pnhi~u trang
(con dugc gQi la card) dugc dinh nghia trong m6i file WML. Chuc nang nay cho
phep nhi~u card dugc tai v~ thi~t bi cung h.lc, giam thi~u hoa tho'i gian v~n hanh.
Tuy nhien, bQ nh6 h~n ch~ trong h~u h~t cac thi~t bi da gi6i h~n kich thu6t Clla
deck, thong thuo'ng la nh6 hun 1024 byte. Do v~y, hay din th~n xem xet va len
mQt k~ ho~ch dai hO'icho trng d\lI1g W AP Clla b~n, dung nen ti~n hanh cong vi~c
ma khong b6 chut it thi gio' phan tich 1'6 rang.
Hay c~n th~n : Luon luon nh6 d~n nguo'i dung. HQ thuang nhanh chong cUQn

qua cac card va chi kip nhin dugc tren man hinh mQt s6 ki tv, thuang la it hun 20
ki tv v6i khoang 10 dong. B~n nen c6 g~ng t6i thi~u hoa nQi dung trang W AP,
cung c~p mQt cach duy~t th~t trvc quan, t6i tnt deck mQt cach t6t nh~t.
Hay duy tri each hinh dung ra c~u truc v~t Iy Clla deck g6m cac card, di~u nay se
giup b~n hi~u nguyen Iy ho~t dQng cua WML. Hay xem vi d1,1sau , gia Slr chung
ta co 3 card dun dugc chi ra ben du6i :

1

2

3

Hinh : C~u truc v~t Iy clla cac card cho phep ta hi~u dlfgC WML ho~t dQng th~
,
nao
Cac card g~n v6i nhau t~o thanh mQt deck, va chung se dUQ'ctai v~ thi~t bi di
dQng chi trong mQt file. Bay gia b~n hay tUOng tugng r~ng cac card se lien k~t

SVTH:Quan StfU Minh

Trang 19


Tim hi~u cong Cl) WAP PROXY.Xay dl,J'ng mot

s6 lfng

dl)ng WAP dong

GVHD:D~ng Tuftn Nghia

vai nhau, card thu nh:lt k~t n6i d~n card thll' hai, chinh card thu hai IC;lidua bC;ln
d~n card thu ba, ... tC;lim6i card IC;lico them mQt lien k~t "back" dfrn chung ta tro
IC;licard truac do. Khi ngucJi xem duy~t mQt deck mlo, ta se co mQt card stack t6n
tC;litrong bQ nh6' duQ'c hinh dung nhu hinh sau:

1
2
3

Hinh : card stack t6n tC;litrong bQ nha khi nguai dung duy~t mQt deck
H~u h~t cac nha phat tri~n WML d~u da quen thuQc vai HTML, trong khi bE>
sung cac duang lien ket cho deck hQ da nghi den vi~c them vao tinh nang
"back",nh~m ml,lc dfch chi ra nQi dung Clla card truac do. Th~t la ti~n IQ'i,di~u
nay IC;ligiup thi~t bi di dQng goi IC;liyeu c~u den deck va tien hanh hi~n thi ICfi
card da t6n tCfitrong bQ nha
Chuc nang back se ra l~nh cho trinh duy~t 10C;lib6 card hi~n hanh va hi~n thi card
truac do trong History list (gi6ng nhu bC;lnsu dl)ng phim Back tren Internet
Explorer clla h~ may PC). H~n nhien la nQi dung Clla card truac do se duQ'c nCfp
ICfim6i l~n no duQ'c truy xu:lt, bC;lnhay c6 hinh dung nhu sau :
3

1
2

I
Hinh : card 3 bi d:ly kh6i stack ( ra ngoai danh sach History), trinh duy~t tien
hanh hi~n thi IC;licard 2 len man hinh.
SVTH:Quan Btru Minh

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Tim hi~u cong Cl,JWAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mot so Li'ng dl,Jng WAP dong
GVHD:I>~og Tu~o Nghia

2.1.8 C~u hioh server cho WML ?
D~ thi~t d~t cho server cua b~n h6 trQ'WML, vi~c d~u tien la phai xae dinh duQ'c
lo~i file MIME lien quan danh cho WML. Web server va trinh duy~t phia cac
thi~t bi su d\;mg MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) d~ chia se dii'
li~u duQ'c truy~n. TruO'c khi g6i dll' li~u, server se g6i thong tin nh~n d~ng MIME
d~n trinh duy~t , chi ra ki~u dinh d~ng cho duoli~u theo sau. Trinh duy~t co th~
doc va ti~n hanh c~p nh~p dfr li~u. H~u h~t cac ung d\mg lien quan WML d~u doi
hoi ba lo~i MIME, chung du'Q'cIi~t ke 6 ban sau :
File Extension MIME Type Definition Use
.wml text/vnd.wap.wml WML source file
.wmls text/vnd.wap.wmlscript WML script file
.wbmp image/vnd.wap.wbmp Wireless bitmap file (image)
Cac loqi MIME dta WML
Chu y: f)~c~u hinh server b~n phai dang nh~p vao h~ th6ng b~ng tai khoan
administrator.
Citi d~t MIME tren Apache server
f)~ them cac d~ng MIME vao Apache, b~n phai chinh sfra file httpd.conftrong
thu m\lc b~n da cai Apache. Dung c\lm tu "AddType" d~ xac djnh MIME, trong
file httpd.confva them vao cac dong sau:
AddType text/vnd.\vap.wrnl .wml
AddType text/vnd.wap.wmlscript
.wmls
Add'rype image/vnd.wap.vvbmp .\vbmp

Sau do ti~n hanh Save va thoat khoi hUpd.conf , kh6i dQng I~i Apache d~ nhfrng
thi~t d~t MIME co hi~u IIJc.
hay truy c~p vao website />tai v~ bQ cong
phat tri~n WML Openwave SDK
Sau do hay t~o I file XML co nQi dung nhu sau :
<?xml version=" I.O"?>
SVTH:Quan 8lfU Minh

C\l

d~

Trang 21


Tim hieu cong Cl,JWAP PROXY.Xay dl,J'ng mOt so (Png dl,Jng WAP dOng
GVHD:f)~ng Tu~n Nghia

'' /><wml>
<card id="Card I" title="Vi Du">

Xin chao moi nguoi

<Icard>
</wml>
Luu tile vao mQt thu nwc tren server. xet quy~n truy c~p file ttl' trinh duy~t ben
ngoai . Hay ch~y thll' Openwave simulator va b~n se th5y thanh qua clla minh :

~.

~"

G,) ; http://loo:.~lho~u}lg.:r_~b/in,jex.wr,,,1

SVTH:Quan

StIll

Minh

.v I

Trang 22


Tim hi~u cong Cl) WAP PROXY.Xay

dl)'ng mot so CPngdl)ng WAP dong

GVHD:D~ng Tu~n Nghia

2.2 WALL4PHP
2.2.1 Wall4php lit gi ?
W ALL4PHP la stJ tri~n khai clla WALL(Wireless Abstraction Library d~u ticn
dm;rc t(,lObo'i Luca Passani cho Java)cho PHP. Mvc tieu chinh clla WALL la giup
dO' nhfi'ng nguai phat tri~n site cho thiet bj di dQng b~ng cach cung c~p mQt cai
nhin t6ng quat dan gian v~ markup language.
Dan Clf mQt vi d\l, mQt s6 thi~t bj h6 tl"Q'XHTML,WML,mQt s6 khac h6

trQ'mQt vai ma rQng thay th~ cho nhu'ng ngon ngu' nay.MQt s6 khac khong h6 trQ'
nhfrng d~c di~m Co' ban.V~y b~ng cach nao chung ta bi~t duQ'c di~u do?
Trong tnfang hQ'Pma chung ta dang theo d6i .Gia slf r~ng b(,lnmu6n in
d~m mQt vai Chef trang mQt lien k~t.
./ Trang WML no se gi6ng nhu th~ nay: <a href="link">this is <b>bold<lb>
and this is not</a> .
./ Trang XHML thi slf dVng the <strang>.
MQt s6 thiet bj khong h6 trQ'in d~m chfr.Han the 1111'a
chung lam cho phuc
t(,lPva xu~t hi~n 16i.Nguai dung d~u cu6i b6i r6i.
Va bay gia WALL la mQt trang nhling cach dall gian d~ giai quy~t v~n d~
nay. Trang truang hQ'Ptren gia chung ta se ghi nhu sau: href="link">this is <wall:b>bold</wall:b> and this is not</wall:a>. Thu vi~n
WALL se I~y n6 tLfday va hi~n thi XHTMLho~c WML tren nhu'ng thi~t bj
rna hi~u n6
2.2.2 HU'ong d~n citi d~t Wall4php
Hay download bQ thu vi~n Wa1l4php ttf d6 giai nen ra.
Sao chep t~p tin Wall.php va thu rnvc Wall van thu rnvc web server ma b(,ln
mu6n Sll' dVng thu vi~n nay.
Va day la I vi dV din ban cho vi~c SUo dVng Wa1l4php
<?php include 'wall-prepend.php'; ?><wall:document><wall:head>
<wall:title enforce_title="true">My
Document</wall:title>
<!--sent to all devices as it is -->
<meta narne="value" content="value" I>

SVTH:Quan Bu'u Minh

I>

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Tlm hieu cong Cl) WAP PROXY.Xay dl)'ng mot

s5 li'ng

dl)ng WAP dong
GVHD:D~ng Tu~n Nghia

</wall:head>
<wall: body>
<wall:block>
UA:

<wall:marquee>
<?php echo getenvCHTTP _USER_AGENT); ?>
</wa II:marquee>
<wall:br />
Body part 2
</wall:block>
</wall: body>
</wall: document>
K~t qua khi ch<;tytren Qi~n thQai di Q9ng clla vi d\,l tren:

SVTH:Quan 81ru Minh

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