BS EN
818-5:1999
+A1:2008

BRITISH STANDARD

Short link chain for
lifting purposes —
Safety —
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Part 5: Chain slings — Grade 4

ICS 53.020.30

12&23<,1*:,7+287%6,3(50,66,21(;&(37$63(50,77('%<&23<5,*+7/$:

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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008

National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008.
It supersedes BS EN 818-5:1999 which is withdrawn.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in

the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the
CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is
indicated by !".
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee
MHE/1, Chains and fittings.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.

This British Standard was
published under the authority
of the Standards Committee
and comes into effect
on 15 September 1999

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication
Date

Comments

30 September 2008

Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2008

© BSI 2008

ISBN 978 0 580 64081 0

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EUROPEAN STANDARD

EN 818-5:1999+A1

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM

April 2008

ICS 53.020.30

Supersedes EN 818-5:1999

Short link chain for lifting purposes - Safety - Part 5: Chain slings
- Grade 4
Chnes de levage à maillons courts - Sécurité - Partie 5:
Elingues en chnes - Classe 4

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English Version

Kurzgliedrige Rundstahlketten für Hebezwecke - Sicherheit
- Teil 5: Anschlagketten - Güteklasse 4

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 April 1999 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 10 February 2008.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36

© 2008 CEN

B-1050 Brussels

All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved
worldwide for CEN national Members.


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Ref. No. EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008: E


BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

Contents

Page

Foreword..............................................................................................................................................................4
Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................5
1

Scope ......................................................................................................................................................5

2

Normative references ............................................................................................................................5

3

Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................6


4

Hazards .................................................................................................................................................10

5
5.1
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.1.3
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.3
5.3.1
5.3.2
5.3.3

Safety requirements ............................................................................................................................10
Components of a chain sling..............................................................................................................10
Chain .....................................................................................................................................................10
Links......................................................................................................................................................10
Hooks ....................................................................................................................................................11
Design and construction.....................................................................................................................11
Assembly of chain slings....................................................................................................................11
Endless chain slings ...........................................................................................................................11
Tolerance on length of the chain sling ..............................................................................................11
Working load rating .............................................................................................................................11
Single-leg chain slings ........................................................................................................................11

Multi-leg chain slings ..........................................................................................................................11
Endless chain slings ...........................................................................................................................12

6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.3.3

Verification of safety requirements....................................................................................................13
Qualification of personnel ..................................................................................................................13
Components of a chain sling..............................................................................................................13
Manufacturing proof force test for the chain sling ..........................................................................13
General..................................................................................................................................................13
Manufacturing proof force factors .....................................................................................................13
Post-test examination .........................................................................................................................13

7
7.1
7.2
7.3

Marking, labelling and packaging ......................................................................................................14
General..................................................................................................................................................14
Single-leg chain slings ........................................................................................................................14
Multi-leg chain slings rated for a range of angles from 0° to 45° to the vertical...........................15

8


Manufacturer's certificate ...................................................................................................................15

9

Information for use ..............................................................................................................................16

Annex A (normative) Alternative method of rating and marking a chain sling for a specific lifting
application and not for use in general lifting purposes ..................................................................17
A.1
General..................................................................................................................................................17
A.2
Alternative method of rating...............................................................................................................17
A.3
Manufacturing proof force ..................................................................................................................17
A.4
Marking of chain slings rated by the alternative method of rating.................................................18
Annex B (informative) !Bases for calculation of values for the working load limits" ........................19
B.1
Calculated values of working load limit (WLL) for single-leg chain slings ...................................19
B.2
Calculated values of working load limits (WLL) for multi-leg chain slings ...................................19
Annex C (informative) Designation system for chain slings - Grade 4........................................................20
Annex D (informative) Identification tags for chain slings............................................................................21
D.1
General..................................................................................................................................................21
D.2
Tags for chain slings ...........................................................................................................................21

2


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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC............................................................................................23
Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC........................................................................................24
!Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................25

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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

Foreword
This document (EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 168 “Chains,
ropes, webbing, slings and accessories - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2008 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by October 2008.
This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-02-10.
This document supersedes EN 818-5:1999.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ".
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this
document.
The other Parts of EN 818 are:
Part 1:
Part 2:
Part 3:
Part 4:
Part 6:
Part 7:

General conditions of acceptance
Medium tolerance chain for chain slings - Grade 8
Medium tolerance chain for chain slings - Grade 4
Chain slings - Grade 8
Chain slings - Specifications for information for use and maintenance to be provided by the

manufacturer
Fine tolerance chain for hoists, Grade T (types T, DAT, DT)

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

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4

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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

Introduction
This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonized standard to provide one means of complying
with the essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA regulations.
The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope. In addition, lifting equipment shall conform
as appropriate to !EN ISO 12100" for hazards which are not covered by this standard.
!This standard is a Type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.

When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for equipment
that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard."

1

Scope

This Part of EN 818 specifies the requirements related to safety, methods of rating and testing of single-, two-,
three-, four-leg and endless chain slings, assembled by welding, using short link grade 4 medium tolerance
chain conforming to !EN 818-3:1999+A1" together with the appropriate range of components of the same
grade in accordance with !EN 1677-5:2001+A1" and !-6:2001+A1". These chain slings are intended
for lifting objects, materials or goods.
NOTE

Instructions for use and maintenance of chain slings are covered by !EN 818-6:2000+A1".

The hazards covered by this Part of the standard are identified in clause 4.
Annex A gives an alternative method of rating and marking a chain sling for a specific lifting application.
Annex B contains the bases for calculation of working load limits.
Annex C gives an example of a designation system for chain slings.
Annex D gives an example of identification tags for chain slings.
!Annexes ZA and ZB give" the relationship with EU Directives.

2

Normative references

This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed

hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of any of these publications apply to
this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
!deleted text"
!EN 818-1:1996+A1", Short link chain for lifting purposes - Safety – Part 1: General conditions of
acceptance
!EN 818-3:1999+A1", Short link chain for lifting purposes - Safety – Part 3: Medium tolerance chain for
chain slings - Grade 4

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5


BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

!EN 818-6:2000+A1", Short link chain for lifting purposes - Safety – Part 6: Chain slings - Specification
for information for use and maintenance to be provided by the manufacturer
EN 1050:1996, Safety of machinery - Principles for risk assessment
!EN 1677-5:2001+A1", Components for slings - Safety – Part 5: Forged steel lifting hooks with latch Grade 4
!EN 1677-6:2001+A1", Components for slings - Safety – Part 6: Links - Grade 4
!deleted text"

!EN ISO 12100-1, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)
EN ISO 12100-2, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical
principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)"

3

Terms and definitions

!For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions and symbols given in EN 818-1:1996+A1 and the
following apply."
!3.1
chain sling
assembly consisting of a chain leg or chain legs joined to upper and lower terminals for attaching loads to the hook of a
crane or other lifting machine
NOTE

See Figures 1 to 4."

3.2
nominal size of chain sling
The nominal size of short link chain, in millimetres, used in the manufacture of the chain sling.
3.3
grade of chain sling
For the purpose of designation in accordance with annex C, is the same as the grade of the short link chain
used in the manufacture of the chain sling i.e. 4.
3.4
master link
A link forming the upper terminal of a chain sling by means of which the chain sling is attached to the hook of
a crane or other lifting machine. !deleted text".

!NOTE

See Figures 1 to 4."

3.5
length of !deleted text" chain sling
For a finished chain sling, the length from the lower bearing point of the lower terminal to the upper bearing
point of the upper terminal !deleted text".
!NOTE

See Figures 1 to 4."

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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

3.6
intermediate master link
A link used to connect one or two legs of a chain sling to a master link used during the assembly of a three- or
four-leg chain sling !deleted text".

!NOTE

See Figures 3 and 4."

3.7
lower terminal
A link, hook or other device fitted at the end of a leg of a chain sling, remote from the master link or upper
terminal.

!NOTE

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3.8
joining link
A welded link fitted to the end of a chain to connect it either directly or through an intermediate link to an upper
or lower terminal or intermediate master link !deleted text" or in the case of an endless chain sling to the
other end of the chain.
See Figures 1 to 4."

3.9
intermediate link
A welded link used to form a connection between the terminal and the joining link fitted to the chain !deleted
text".
!NOTE

See Figures 1 to 4."

3.10
manufacturing proof force (MPF) of a chain sling

A force applied, during manufacture, as a test to the whole chain sling or a force applied as a test to a section
of a chain sling.
3.11
Working load limit (WLL) of a chain sling
The maximum mass which a chain sling is authorized to sustain in general lifting service.
!3.12
master link assembly
assembly consisting of a master link together with two intermediate master links"

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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008

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EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

1. Master link
2. Intermediate link (if required)
3. Joining link
4. Chain
NOTE


5. Joining link
6. Intermediate link (if required)
7. Hook or other lower terminal

L = length of chain sling

Figure 1 — Single-leg chain sling

1. Master link
2. Intermediate link (if required)
3. Joining link
4. Chain
NOTE

5. Joining link
6. Intermediate link (if required)
7. Hook or other lower terminal

L = length of chain sling

Figure 2 — Two-leg chain sling

8

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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

1. Master link
2. Intermediate master link
3. Joining link
4. Chain
NOTE

5. Joining link
6. Intermediate link (if required)
7. Hook or other lower terminal

L = length of chain sling
Figure 3 — Three-leg chain sling

1. Master link
2. Intermediate master link
3. Joining link
4. Chain
NOTE

5. Joining link
6. Intermediate link (if required)
7. Hook or other lower terminal

L = length of chain sling
Figure 4 — Four-leg chain sling


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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

4

Hazards

!Accidental release of a load, or release of a load due to" failure of lifting accessories such as chain
slings or their component parts puts at risk either directly or indirectly the safety or health of those persons
within the danger zone of lifting equipment.
In order to provide the necessary strength and durability of lifting accessories this Part of EN 818 lays down
requirements for the design, manufacture and testing to ensure that specified levels of performance are met.
Fatigue failure has not been identified as a hazard when chain slings having the specified levels of
performance given in this Part of EN 818 are used in general lifting service.
Since failure can be caused by the incorrect choice of grade and specification of lifting accessories this Part of
EN 818 also gives the requirements for marking and the manufacturer's certificate.
Errors in fitting together of welded chain slings can also lead to premature failure and this European Standard
contains dimensional requirements to allow correct fit.

Those aspects of safe use associated with good practice are given in !EN 818-6:2000+A1".
Table 1 contains those hazards, which require action to reduce risk identified by risk assessment as being
specific and significant for chain slings grade 4.
Table 1 — Hazards and associated requirements
Hazards identified in annex A of
EN 1050: 1996
1 e)

15

5

Mechanical hazard
due to inadequacy
of strength

Relevant clause/sub-clause
this Part of EN 818

!deleted text"

Errors of fitting hazard

5
5
5
6
7
8
5.2


Safety requirements

5.1
5.1.1

Components of a chain sling
Chain

The chain shall conform to !EN 818-3:1999+A1".
5.1.2

Links

Master links and intermediate master links shall conform to !EN 1677-6:2001+A1".
Lower terminal links shall conform to !EN 1677-6:2001+A1" except for those clauses related to link
dimensions.
Joining links and intermediate links shall conform to !EN 1677-6:2001+A1" except for those clauses
related to link dimensions.

10
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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

Lower terminal links, joining links and intermediate links shall satisfy the appropriate requirements of 5.2.
5.1.3

Hooks

Forged steel lifting hooks with latch shall conform to !EN 1677-5:2001+A1".

Design and construction

5.2.1

Assembly of chain slings

5.2.1.1

Pear-shaped links shall not be used as terminals.

5.2.1.2
Joining links and intermediate links shall have a working load limit not less than that of the chains to
which they are connected in a chain sling.
5.2.1.3
The dimensions of joining links and intermediate links shall be such as to ensure adequate
articulation with parts of the chain sling which they connect.
5.2.2

Endless chain slings


Endless chain slings shall be manufactured by the use of a welded joining link of the same size or one size
larger than the nominal size of the chain.
5.2.3

Tolerance on length of the chain sling

5.2.3.1

When constructing a chain sling the actual length of each leg shall be the nominal length with a

tolerance of

+2
0

chain link pitches.

5.2.3.2
When constructing a multi-leg chain sling, the differences in length between the longest and
shortest legs which are nominally the same length shall, when measured under equivalent tension, be not
greater than 6 mm for nominal leg lengths up to and including 2 m and not greater than 3 mm/m for nominal
leg lengths over 2 m.

5.3

Working load rating

5.3.1


Single-leg chain slings

Single-leg chain slings shall be rated at a working load limit in accordance with table 2.
5.3.2

Multi-leg chain slings

Multi-leg chain slings shall be rated for symmetrically distributed loads only and in accordance with table 2.
Each chain sling shall have a single working load limit for the range of angles from 0° up to and including 45°
to the vertical or additionally a working load limit for the range of angles from 45° up to and including 60° to
the vertical.
NOTE 1

An alternative method for rating and marking of chain slings for a specific lifting application is given in

annex A.
NOTE 2

For rating of chain slings with asymmetrically distributed loads see !EN 818-6:2000+A1".

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5.2


BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

5.3.3

Endless chain slings

Endless chain slings shall be rated for choke-hitch only, and shall be in accordance with table 2.
Table 2 — Working load limits
Working load limits, t, for

Singleleg chain
slings

mm

Two leg chain slings

0° < β ≤ 45°
Factor 1,4

45° < β ≤ 60°
Factor 1,0

Three- and four-leg chain
slings


0° < β ≤ 45°
Factor 2,1

Endless chain
slings in choke
hitch

45° < β ≤ 60°
Factor 1,5

Factor 1,6

7
8

0,75
1

1,06
1,4

0,75
1

1,6
2,12

1,12
1,5


1,25
1,6

10

1,6

2,24

1,6

3,25

2,36

2,5

13

2,65

3,75

2,65

5,6

4

4,25


16

4

5,6

4

8,5

6

6,3

18

5

7,1

5

10,6

7,5

8

19


5,6

8

5,6

11,8

8,5

9

20

6,3

8,5

6,3

13,2

9,5

10

22

7,5


10,6

7,5

16

11,2

11,8

23

8

11,8

8

17

12,5

13,2

25

10

14


10

20

15

16

26

10,6

15

10,6

22,4

16

17

28

12,5

17

12,5


25

18

20

32

16

22,4

16

33,5

23,6

25

36

20

28

20

42,5


30

31,5

40

25

35,5

25

53

37,5

40

45

31,5

45

31,5

67

47,5


50

!deleted text"

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Nominal
size of
chain
sling


BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

6

Verification of safety requirements

6.1


Qualification of personnel

All testing and examination shall be carried out by a competent person.

6.2

Components of a chain sling

The
verification
clauses
of
!EN
818-3:1999+A1",
!EN
1677-5:2001+A1"
and
!EN 1677-6:2001+A1" shall be fulfilled for the chain, hooks and links respectively used in the
construction of the chain sling.

6.3

Manufacturing proof force test for the chain sling

6.3.1

General

If the whole chain sling is heat treated it shall be subjected to the manufacturing proof force(s) and

subsequently examined. The manufacturer shall also verify that all components remain in accordance with the
appropriate standards specified in 5.1.
If only the inserted links are heat treated they and any parts of the chain sling affected by their processing
shall be subjected to the manufacturing proof force(s) and subsequently examined, provided that the chain
and all other components have been certified as having been subjected to the manufacturing proof force test
as specified in:
a)

!EN 818-1:1996+A1" and !EN 818-3:1999+A1" for short link chain of grade 4;

a)

!EN 1677-6:2001+A1" for links and !EN 1677-5:2001+A1" for forged steel hooks with latch.

6.3.2

Manufacturing proof force factors

Sections of welded chain slings shall be subjected to manufacturing proof forces in kilonewtons, at least
equivalent to loads calculated by multiplying the working load limit of the relevant chain size by the factors
given in table 3.
Table 3 — Manufacturing proof force factors
Section to which
manufacturing proof force is
applied

Manufacturing proof
force factors

(see figure 5)


--`,````,,``,,,,,````,`,,`,```,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

6.3.3

MPF1

2,0

MPF2

2,8

MPF3

3,2

MPF4

4,2

Post-test examination

After completion of the manufacturing proof force test, and the removal of the force, the chain sling shall be
examined. Any faulty chain or component shall be replaced, and the chain sling re-tested and re-examined.

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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

a) Single-leg chain sling

b) Two-leg chain sling

c) Three-leg chain sling

d) Four-leg chain sling

Figure 5 — Sections of chain slings to which manufacturing proof force is applied

7
7.1

Marking, labelling and packaging
General

Each chain sling shall be marked in accordance with this clause.
The information specified in 7.2 and 7.3 shall be either:
a)

marked on a metal tag as shown in the example given in annex D, permanently attached to the master
link or to a link immediately adjacent to it; or


b)

marked on the master link, provided that the mechanical properties of the master link are not impaired.

7.2

Single-leg chain slings

The following information shall be marked:
a)

!the working load limit in tonnes, unit t to be included;"

b)

the individual identification mark (related to the manufacturer's certificate);

14

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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

c)

the grade of the chain sling i.e. "4";

d)

the chain sling manufacturer's name or symbol;

e)

the number of legs i.e. "1".

NOTE

7.3

The nominal size may also be marked.

Multi-leg chain slings rated for a range of angles from 0° to 45° to the vertical

The following information shall be marked:
a)

the working load limit, and the range of angles

--`,````,,``,,,,,````,`,,`,```,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---


example: 16 t 0° to 45°;
b)

the individual identification mark (related to the manufacturer's certificate);

c)

the grade of the chain sling i.e. "4";

d)

the chain sling manufacturer's name or symbol;

e)

the number of legs;

NOTE
The tag or a separate additional tag attached in a similar manner may be marked with the working load limit
applicable for use at 45 ° to 60 ° to the vertical.

example: 11,2 t 45° to 60°.
NOTE

8

The nominal size may also be marked

Manufacturer's certificate


Each assembled chain sling shall be provided with a dated certificate stating conformity to this part of EN 818
and giving at least the following information:
a)

the name of the chain sling manufacturer including date of issue of the certificate and authentication;

b)

number of this part of EN 818, i.e.: EN 818-5;

c)

the identification number or symbol of the chain sling;

d)

a description of the chain sling;

e)

nominal size of the chain sling and grade mark "4";

f)

the nominal length;

g)

the working load limit (WLL) related to the angle β;


h)

the manufacturing proof force or proof forces applied;

i)

the name of the person or establishment which carried out the manufacturing proof force test and final
examination.

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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

9

Information for use

Information for use shall accompany the chain sling and shall be in accordance with the relevant clauses of
!EN 818-6:2000+A1".

--`,````,,``,,,,,````,`,,`,```,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---


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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

Annex A
(normative)
Alternative method of rating and marking a chain sling for a specific
lifting application and not for use in general lifting purposes

A.1 General
The rating of a chain sling used for a specific application is given in A.2 and may be used as an alternative to
the method of rating given in 5.3.
The chain sling shall be rated at a working load limit according to the particular angle of the legs to the vertical
at which the chain sling is to be used. The manufacturer shall ensure that the master link selected possesses
mechanical properties appropriate to the application.

A.2 Alternative method of rating
A.2.1 Two-leg chain slings
For two-leg chain slings used at an angle β to the vertical, the working load limit (WLL), in tonnes, shall be as
given by the following formula:
WLL = 2 × WLL for a single-leg × cos β.


A.2.2 Three-leg chain slings
For three-leg chain slings used at an angle β of any leg to the vertical, the working load limit (WLL), in tonnes,
shall be as given by the following formula:
WLL = 3 × WLL for a single-leg × cos β.

A.2.3 Four-leg chain slings
For four-leg chain slings used at an angle β of any leg to the vertical, the working load limit (WLL), in tonnes,
shall be as given by the following formula:

NOTE

This assumes that there is an equal distribution of the load between each leg.

A.3 Manufacturing proof force

--`,````,,``,,,,,````,`,,`,```,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

WLL = 4 × WLL of a single-leg × cos β

Where the alternative method of rating is adopted welded chain slings with accessories shall be subjected to a
manufacturing proof force test generally in accordance with 6.3 except that the manufacturing proof force
factors shall be as given in table A.1.

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BS EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008
EN 818-5:1999+A1:2008 (E)

Table A.1 — Manufacturing proof force factors for the alternative method of rating

Section to which
manufacturing proof force is
applied (see figure 5)

Manufacturing proof force
factors

MPF1

2

MPF2

4

MPF3

4

MPF4 - 3 leg

6


MPF4 - 4 leg

8

A.4 Marking of chain slings rated by the alternative method of rating

The information specified in A.4.2 shall be either:
a)

marked on a metal tag permanently attached to the master link or to a link immediately adjacent to it; or

b)

marked on the master link provided that the mechanical properties of the !master link" are not impaired

A.4.2 Multi-leg chain slings rated by the alternative method
The following information shall be marked:
a)

the working load limit and the angle at which rated;
example: 16 t 27 °;

b)

the individual identification mark (related to the manufacturer's certificate);

c)

the manufacturer's name or symbol;


d)

the grade of the chain sling i.e. "4";

e)

the number of legs.

NOTE

The nominal size may also be marked.

18

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--`,````,,``,,,,,````,`,,`,```,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

A.4.1 General