INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD

ISO
4628-7
Second edition
2016-01-15

Paints and varnishes — Evaluation
of degradation of coatings —
Designation of quantity and size of
defects, and of intensity of uniform
changes in appearance —

Part 7:

Assessment of degree of chalking by
velvet method
Peintures et vernis — Évaluation de la dégradation des revêtements
— Désignation de la quantité et de la dimension des défauts, et de
l’intensité des changements uniformes d’aspect —
Partie 7: Évaluation du degré de farinage selon la méthode du
morceau de velours

Reference number
ISO 4628-7:2016(E)
© ISO 2016


ISO 4628-7:2016(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part o f this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country o f

the requester.

ISO copyright o ffice

Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47

www.iso.org

ii

© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved


ISO 4628-7:2016(E)

Contents

Page


Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ iv
1
Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2
Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3
Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4
Principle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1
5
Materials ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
6
Assessment ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2
7
Test report................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5

© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

iii


ISO 4628-7:2016(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work o f preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical


committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters o f
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
di fferent types o f ISO documents should be noted. This document was dra fted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some o f the elements o f this document may be the subject o f
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identi fying any or all such patent rights. Details o f
any patent rights identified during the development o f the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is in formation given for the convenience o f users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation on the meaning o f ISO specific terms and expressions related to con formity

assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary in formation
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9,
General test method for paints and varnishes.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4628-7:2003), which has been technically

revised with the following changes:
a) the pictorial reference standard for numerical chalking ratings 1 to 5 have been copied from
ISO 4628-6:2011;

b) a normative reference to ISO 13076 for illumination for the assessment has been added.
ISO 4628 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of
degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes
in appearance:
— Part 1: General introduction and designation system
— Part 2: Assessment of degree of blistering
— Part 3: Assessment of degree of rusting
— Part 4: Assessment of degree of cracking
— Part  5:  Assessment  of  degree  of  flaking
— Part 6: Assessment of degree of chalking by tape method
— Part 7: Assessment of degree of chalking by velvet method
— Part  8:  Assessment  of  degree  of  delamination  and  corrosion  around  a  scribe  or  other  artificial  defect
— Part  10:  Assessment  of  degree  of  filiform  corrosion
iv

© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved


INTERNATIONAL STANDARD

ISO 4628-7:2016(E)

Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of
coatings — Designation of quantity and size of defects, and
of intensity of uniform changes in appearance —

Part 7:

Assessment of degree of chalking by velvet method
1 Scope

T h i s p ar t o f I S O

4 62 8

s p e ci fie s

a me tho d s u itable, i n p ar tic u la r,

for

rati ng the de gre e o f cha l ki ng

on wh ite or coloure d ex terior co ati ngs and co ati ng s ys tem s on rough s ur face s (i . e . tho s e havi ng a

roughness greater than segment 4 of the reference comparator G as described in ISO 8503-1).
T he te s t me tho d s p e c i fie d c a n a l s o b e u s e d

fo r

the a s s e s s ment o f the de g re e o f ch a l ki ng o f co ati ngs

a nd co ati ng s ys tem s o n s mo o th s u r face s , b ut the me tho d s p e c i fie d i n

this purpose.

ISO 4628-6:2011 is preferable for

T he te s t me tho d i s ap p l ic ab le to co ati ngs a nd co ati ng s ys tem s o n m i nera l s ub s trate s , e . g. fib re cement,

brick, concrete, and renderings, independent of the structure of the surface. The method can be used

ff
f
f
site evaluation.
qu ite e

e c ti vely b y e xp er ience d op erato rs a nd i s re com mende d

o r l ab o rato r y u s e a s wel l a s

o r o n-

NO TE 1

When a re ference to th i s te s t me tho d i s i nclude d i n s p e c i fic atio n s , the te s t cond itio n s (i . e . we ather i ng

NO TE 3

Re fer to I S O 4 62 8 -1

method and substrate) have to be agreed between the interested parties.
NOTE 2 The method described in this part of ISO 4628 is a relative ranking method and is therefore not
suitable for use in agreements between parties. See, however, the Note to Table 1.
fo r

the de s ign ation s ys tem

for

qu a ntity a nd s i z e o f de fe c ts a nd the i nten s ity o f


ch a n ge s i n app e a ra nce o f co ati ngs , a s wel l a s genera l p r i nc ip le s o f the s ys tem .

2 Normative references
T he

fol lowi ng

i nd i s p en s able

do c u ments , i n whole or i n p ar t, are normatively re ference d i n th i s do c u ment a nd are

for

its

appl ic ation .

For date d re ference s ,

on ly the

e d ition

cite d appl ie s .

For u ndate d

re ference s , the late s t e d ition o f the re ference d do c u ment (i nclud i ng any amend ments) appl ie s .


ISO 13076, Paints and varnishes — Lighting and procedure for visual assessments of coatings
3 Terms and definitions
For the pu r p o s e s o f th i s do c u ment, the

fol lowi ng

term s and defi n ition s apply.

3.1
chalking
app e ara nce o f a lo o s ely ad herent fi ne p owder on the s u r face o f a fi l m a ri s i ng

one or more of its constituents

from

the degradation o f

4 Principle
L o o s ely ad herent p owder i s remove d

from

the co ati ng u nder te s t, u s i ng a s u itable

chalking is assessed with reference to a rating scale.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

fabric .


T he degre e o f

1


ISO 4628-7:2016(E)

5 Materials
5.1

Fabric,

as agreed between the interested parties, to rub against the surface being tested. Black

wool felt, velvet, and velveteen have proven particularly e ffective for light coatings and a white fabric for

dark coatings.

6 Assessment

Carry out the assessment under good illumination, as specified in ISO 13076.
Carry out the assessment in duplicate, unless otherwise agreed.
Using the index finger, press the fabric against the coating being tested with firm pressure. Rotate the

fabric once through an angle of 180°. Remove the fabric and assess the degree of chalking under diffuse
light in reference to the rating scheme shown in Table 1.
A mechanical apparatus should be pre ferred i f comparable results are obtained; the coating may also

be wiped once with the fabric.


Table 1 — Rating scheme for designating the degree of chalking (derived from
ISO 4628-1:2016, Table 3)
Rating

NOTE

0
1
2
3
4
5

Degree of chalking

unchanged, i.e. no perceptible chalking

very slight, i.e. just perceptible chalking
slight, i.e. clearly perceptible chalking
moderate, i.e. very clearly perceptible chalking

considerable, i.e. pronounced chalking
severe, i.e. intense chalking

I f specified or agreed, a simpler rating system can be used. However, in such cases, the meanings o f the ratings in

this table which are used shall not be changed in order to avoid confusion.

Examples of pictorial standards for assessing the degree of chalking are given in Figure 1 . The figure


is obtained with the tape method specified in ISO 4628-6:2011, but the degrees o f chalking 1 to 5 are
comparable to those specified in this part o f ISO 4628.
The amount o f powder may vary over a given area. There fore, the test shall be carried out at an average

location on the coating. On large surfaces, the assessment shall be made at several locations, and the
mean and range reported.
Ratings obtained with coatings exposed to natural weathering shall be treated with caution, as dirt
rom the atmosphere deposited on the sur face can give abnormally high values o f the degree o f chalking.

f

2

© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved


ISO 4628-7:2016(E)

NOTE

The right-hand end of each tape corresponds to chalking rating of 0.
Figure 1 — Pictorial reference standards for numerical chalking ratings 1 to 5

7 Test report

The test report shall contain at least the following information:
a)

a l l de ta i l s ne ce s s a r y to identi fy the co ati ng te s te d;


b) a reference to this part of ISO 4628, i.e. ISO 4628-7;
c)

the typ e o f s u r face exam i ne d, its s i z e a nd, i f appropriate , its lo c ation;

© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

3


ISO 4628-7:2016(E)

d) the numerical rating of the degree of chalking in accordance with Clause 6 (mean value, range, and
number of assessments);
e)

a l l de tai l s ne ce s s ar y to identi fy the

fabric

f)

whe ther the re s u lt wa s ob tai ne d u s i ng the i nde x fi nger or a p a r tic u l ar app aratus (de ta i l s to b e

g)

de tai l s o f any devi ation

h)


any u nus ua l

u s e d;

indicated);

fe ature s

from

the pro ce du re s p e ci fie d;

(a noma l ie s) ob s er ve d du ri ng the as s e s s ment;

i) the date of the examination.

4

© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved


ISO 4628-7:2016(E)

Bibliography

[1]

ISO 4628-1, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of
quantity and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 1: General
introduction and designation system


[2]

ISO 4628-6, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of
quantity and size ofdefects, and ofintensity ofuniform changes in appearance — Part 6: Assessment
of degree of chalking by tape method

[3]

ISO 8503-1, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products —
Surface  roughness  characteristics  of  blast-cleaned  steel  substrates  —  Part  1:  Specifications  and 
definitions  for  ISO  surface  pro file  comparators  for  the  assessment  of  abrasive  blast-cleaned  surfaces

© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

5


ISO 4628-7:2016(E)

ICS  87.040

Price based on 5 pages
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved