Cac nhan to anh hu'dng den
dong li/c lam viec cua nhan vien
tai cac doanh nghiep nho va vifa
cf huyen Don DUOng, tinh Lam Dong
NGtlYlN TH! PHCrcJNG THAO"
MGUYIN VAIS TCf"

Tom t^t
Tren ca sd tdng hop ly thuyi't tff nhffng nghiin cffu trudc ddy. bdi vii't ndy de xudt mo hinh gom
8 nhdn tdtdc dgng di'n dgng lffc ldm viic cua nhdn viin tgi cdc doanh nghiep nho va vffa trin
dia bdn huyen Dan Duang, tinh Ldm Dong. Kit qud chi ra 6 nhdn tddnh hudng den dgng lffc
ldm viec cua nhdn vien. do Id: Quan he ddng nghiip; Ca hgi thdng tie'n; Sff cong nhdn; Dgc
diem cong viic; Chinh sdch tien luang; Ldnh dgo. Tren ca sd dd. nghien cffu dUa ra mgt so
hdm y qudn tri nham thuc day ddng luc ldm viic cho ngudi lao dgng.
Tuf khoa: dgng lffc ldm viic, nhdn vien, doanh nghiap nhd vd vffa
Summary
Based on theories from previous studies, this study proposes a model of eight factors
affecting employee motivation in small and medium-sized enterprises in Don Duong
district, Lam Dong province. The outcome discovers only six determinants, which are
Relationships with peers; Promotion opportunities; Recognition; Job characteristics;
Wage policy; Leadership. From this finding, some implications are provided to strengthen
employee motivation.
Keywords: work motivation, employee, small and medium-sized enterprises
GlOfI THIEU
D l cd thl dat dtfdc cac chi tidu ke' hoach cung nhtf
miic lieu chie'n Itfdc da de ra. mdi doanh nghidp c^n
cd stf ke't hdp va stf dung nhilu nguon Itfc kbac nhau,
trong do khdng the khdng ke de'n nguon Itfc con ngtfdi.
Thtfc te'cho tha'y, doanh nghiep ndo sdhi?unguln nhan
Itfc chat Itfdng va stf dung td'i nguon Itfc ndy, thi doanh
nghidp do se thdnh cdng.

Viec stf dung td't nguon nhdn Itfc thl hidn qua
nhieu ndi dung, trong do cd boat dong tao ddng Itfc
cho ngtfdi lao ddng. Vi vay. nam bdt dtfdc cdc nhdn
Id' tac dgng de'n dgng Itfc Idm vide cua nhdn vidn Id
rat quan trgng trong chid'n Itfdc nhan stf. Dd cung la
ly do thtfc day nhdm tdc gia thtfc hien ngbien ctfu
nay, qua dd giup ldnh dao cua cac doanh nghidp xdy
dtfng chie'n Itfdc nhdn stf td't nhat, tao ra mdi trtfdng
lam viec td'i tfli, ma d do cdc nhan vien phdt huy he't
tilm Itfc cua minh, ddng gdp cho stf phdt trien chung
cua doanh nghidp.

CO s d LY THUYET
D$ng Itfc lam viec
Theo tac gia Nguyln Van Diem vd
Nguyen Nggc Quan (2007): "Ddng Itfc
lao ddng Id stf khao khat, ttf nguydn etfa
ngtfdi lao ddng de tang ctfdng no Itfc
nham htfdng tdi mdt muc lieu kit oua
ndo dd".
Cdn Biii Anh Tuan (2005) cho rang"Ddng Itfc lam vide la nhffng nhan to'
bdn trong kich thich con ngtfdi tich
lam vide trong dieu kidn eho nhe
nang sud't, hidu qua cao Bieu h
'^
ddng Itfc la stf san sans nd Itfr
'""^
lam viec nhdm dat dtfdc'muc r " ^ ^^
chtfc cung nhtf ban than ngtfdi I'^^i^"^ I?
Ttf cdc khdi niem tren c'^th-'°h^-'

ban chd't cua ddng luc Iam " i^^^
hien hdnh ddng va thai dd'^'^ ^^i^*^*^^

• Khoa Kinh te - Quan trj kinh doanh, Trtfdng Dai hgc Da L^t
"aBND huyen Ddn Dtfdng, tinh Lam Dong
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 20/5/2020; Ngdy phdn bi^n. 22/6/2020: Ngdy duy$i ddng 26/6/2020


ngtfdi lao ddng trong cdng viec vd dd'i
HiMH: MO HINH NGHIEN CQU DE XGAT
vdi to chtfc. Dieu nay cd nghia Id ddng
Moi Iru6ng ]ai
life mang tinh cd nhdn. Mdi ngtfdi lao
ddng dam nhiem nhiTng cdng viec khac
nhau cd the cd nhiJng dgng life khac nhau
de lam viec tich ctfc hdn.
Cac nhSn td' anh h t f ^ g den ddng
l^c lam vi^c cua nhan vidn
Cd rd't nhieu nghidn culi lidn quan
de'n ddng Itfc Iam vide cua nhan vien,
trong do tieu bieu Id thuye't hai nhan td'
dtfdc nha tam Iy hgc ngtfdi My Frederick
Herzberg khdi xtfdng nam 1959. Hgc
thuye't nay da vd dang du'dc cac nha quan
\^ doanh nghidp ap dung rdng rai.
De xay dtfng hgc thuyd't hai nhan to',
Herzberg da tid'n hanh phong van 203
nhdn vien kd' todn va ky stf tai My. Phdt (CN); Quan he dong nghidp (DN); Ldnh dao (CT). Md
hidn cua Herzberg da tao ra mgt stf ngac hinh nghidn cu\i dtfdc the hien nbtf Hinh.
nhidn ldn, vi nd da dao Idn nhan thtfc

Gia thuyd't nghien ciJu dtfdc trinb bay nhtf sau:
thdng thtfdng. Cac nha quan ly thtfdng
Gid thuyi't HI: Mdi trtfdng lam viec cd lac ddng
cho rang, dd'i ngtfdc vdi thoa man la ba't ctfng chieu den dong life Iam viec cua nhan vien
man va ngtfdc lai. Nhtfng, Herzberg Iai
Gid thuyi't H2: Chinh sach tiln Itfdng tdc ddng cung
cho rang, dd'i nghich vdi bd't man khdng chilu dd'n dgng Itfc lam viec cua nhan vidn
phai la thda man, ma la khdng bd't man
Gid thuyet H3: Chinh sach phtfc ldi lac ddng cung
va dd'i nghich vdi thda man khdng phai chieu de'n dgng Itfc ldm vide eua nhan vien
la bat man, ma la khdng thda man.
Gid ihuyi'i H4: Dac dilm edng vide cd tdc ddng
Hgc thuye't nay phan ra hai nhdm eung chieu de'n ddng Itfc lam viec etfa nhdn vidn
nhan td'cd tac dung tao ddng Itfc:
Gid thuye't H5: Cd hgi thang tie'n cd tac ddng cung
- Nhdm nhan id' thuc d^y: gIm edc ehilu dd'n ddng Itfc lam vide cua nhan vien
Gia thuyet H6: Stf cdng nhdn ed tdc dgng cung chieu
nhan to thudc ben trong cdng vide, do
la: stf thanh dat, stf cdng nhdn. ban thdn dd'n ddng life lam vide cua nhdn vidn
cdng vide, trdch nhidm. stf thang tie'n,
Gid thuyet H7: Quan hd dong nghidp ed tac ddng
phat trid'n cd nhdn. Ddy ehinh la nhtfng cung chieu de'n dgng Itfc Iam viec etfa nhan vien
Gid thuyi't H8: Lanh dao cd tac dgng cung chilu
nhu ciu cd ban eua ngtfdi lao ddng khi
tham gia Iam vide. Dac didm eua nhdm de'n dgng Itfc lam viec cua nhan vien
nay la ne'u khdng dtfdc thda man, thi ddn
PHU'DNG PHAP NGHIEN CLfU
dd'n bat man; ne'u dtfdc thda man. thi se
cd tac dung tao ddng Itfc.
Trong nghien ciJu nay. nhdm tdc gia stf dung thang

- Nhdm nhan to' duy tri: gom cde
nhan to thudc vl mdi trtfdng lam vide. do Likert 5 ca'p do ttf 1 - Hoan toan khdng dong y de'n
nhtf: chinh sach va quy dinh cua doanh 5 - Hoan toan dong y. Dtf lieu dtfdc thu thap bdng bang
nghidp, stf giam sat, tiln Itfdng, dieu cau hoi khao sat gtfi de'n 300 nhan vien dang cdng tac
kidn Iam vide, quan he vdi dong nghiep. tai cde doanh nghiep nhd va vtfa tren dia ban huyen
Cdc nhan td' nay khi dtfdc td chtfc td't se Ddn Dtfdng, tinh Lam Dong ttf thang 11/2019 dd'n
ngdn ngtfa stf khdng thoa man dd'i vdi thang 3/2020. Kd't qua thu vl la 245 mdu, sau khi loai
nhtfng bang hdi tra ldi thid'u thdng tin. khdng trung thtfe
cdng viec cua ngtfdi lao ddng.
va sai sdt, con lai 230 bang du tidu chua'n d l phan tich
Md hinh va gia thuyd't nghien ctfu
trong
nghien ctfu nay. Phtfdng phap phdn ticli nhan to'
Nhdm tdc gia van dung thuye't hai
nhdn to cua Herzberg (1959), cung vdi kham pha (EFA) va phdn tieh hoi quy bdi dtfdc su" dung
tham khao y kie'n chuydn gia, ttf dd xay de phan tich dtf lieu (Bdi vii'l sff dung cdch vie't sdlhgp
dtfng md hinh nghien ciJu gom 8 nhdn to' phdn theo chuan quoc ti').
dnh htfdng tdi Dgng life lam vide (DL) cua
nhdn vien tai cac doanh nghiep nho va
KET QUA NGHIEN CL/U
vtfa, cu thl: Mdi trtfdng lam viec (MT);
Chinh sach tien Itfdng (TL); Chinh sdch
Danh gia dg tin c^y cua thang do
phuc Idi (PL); Ddc dilm cdng viec (CV);
Theo ke't qua trinb bay tai Bang 1, td't ca cdc thanh
Cd hdi thang tid'n (TT); Stf cdng nhdn phan dpc lap cua md hinh nghien ei?u diu cd he so'
Economy and Forecast Review

51



BANG 1: Hf SO CROMBACH'S ALPHA
CUA CAC THAMH PHAN THANG DO
Blfii
quan

Trung binh
Phrftfngsai TndngqnU Cranliach's
tbang do
thSBgdo
bi^n
ASfibml^
D^|llll«Illl^ l>filtlia!bi&
Thanh phin Chinh sach ti^n littfng: Cronbach's AJpha = 0.850
TLOI
11.05
8.439
.7931
.780
TL02
.818
.661
11.27
9.010
.813
.686
TL03
11.46
9.490
.839

.586
TL04
9.440
11.22
.838
.582
TL05
10.91
10.062
Thanh phin MSi trtfcfng lam vi^c: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.837
.780
12.84
7.585
MT06
.720
,795
.671
7.955
MT07
12.85
,793
.678
MTOS
12.98
7.956
.802
.654
12.59
MT09
8.496

.846
.488
13.07
MTIO
8.633
Thanh phan Chinb s^ch phuc l<^: Cronhach's Alplia = 0.734
.657
PLll
11.62
2 804
.554
2 955
PL12
11.80
.5531
.661
.749
413
12.11
2.878
PL13
.630
607
PLM
2.825
1193
Thanh phin Quan h$ dSng nghiap: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.816
.772
2,484
631

DN15
11.64
.784
.608
2.372
DN16
11.54
.770
.638
2.548
DN17
11.50
.750
.676
DN18
11.53
2,329
Thanh nhin Lanh dao: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.859
,822
710
14 34
6.523
CT19
.858
581
7.020
14 50
CT20
806
.782

7.020
14.37
CT21
814
.743
6,986
14.41
CT22
.848
.600
7,572
14.38
CT23
Thanh phin D$c di^'m cdng vi^c: Cronbach's Al nha = 0.814
.783
587
8.030
18.75
CV24
.758
690
7.421
18.71
CV25
.776
617
7.742
18.73
CV26
.759

699
7.758
18.43
CV27
778
.609
7.901
18.53
CV28
.844
.278
9.351
18.75
CV29
Thanh phin CO hoi thSng tl^'n: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.888
4714
768
10.14
,851
TT30
4.473
10.26
.759
,856
rr3i
10.05
4.605
.811
,835
TT32

9.95
4.993
.687
,881
Tr33
Thanh phin Sif cOng nhSn: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.808
6.12
1.819
639
CN34
,755
1.604
6.47
.719
CN35
.668
1.756
6.38
613
CN36
.781
Th&nh phin D$ng Wc lam vi^c: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.821
11.35
3.548
DL37
.794
.604
11.60
3.254
DL38

.775
.645
11.45
3.034
.753
DL39
.691
11.53
3 063
DL40
.6461
.776

PhSn tfeh EFA ,'^1'»''"^"f'jfbicn
Ke-t qua EFA cua thang do cac ^28,
doc lap cho thay, cac quan ^^' .-,ji
r T 2 0 CV27 va CV29 co trong so

^S^SJ'^ao^S^-'^"-^'*"
^nSquansi.c.nl,ido,*g^08
nhan 16' doc lap d f * trfch vao 08 nhan
Sta,Ei"envaiue= 1.119 vaphUOng sai
hrfat 69 P7%, d6ng thM, duoc rut
Sioc'?"nha„t'.J(FactorLoad,r,g)d,t
;™u chua-n > 0.5 va chenh ISch n-ong so ta.
nhan to (Factor Loading) > 0.3.
KlquikiemtraCronbach'sAlphatat
ca cac thang do diu co he so Cronbach's
Alpha > 0.6 (Bang 2) vii co tirong quan
bien tong deu > 0.3. _

, .- , .
Nhit vay. vdi 36 bien quan sat da phan
tich EFA, kS't qua phdn tfch nit trich dirjc
08 nhan to' nhil trong mo hinh de xuat.
Trpng so cua cac bien quan sat diu > 0.5
va he so tai nhan to cua cac bie'n vdi cac
nhdm nhan to' < 0.3, cho tha'y thang do
dat dirdc gia tri hpi tu.
Phan tich EFA cho bife'n phu thufic
Theo ke't qua phan tich EFA tai Bang
3, he so KMO = 0.758 vdi miJc y nghia
la 0.00 trong kiem dinh Bartlett. Tong
phUdng sai trich la 65.268% > 50% va
chi so Eigenvalue la 2.611 >1. Cac bie'n
CO he so tai >0.5. Nhu vay, thang do dat
gia tri dung mpt nhan to' nhU mo hinh dS
xua't, dong thdi dat do gia tri hoi tii do CO
he so' tai nhan to' > 0.5, tong phifdng sai
trich tren 50%.

Ki^m dinh mfi hinh nghian ctfu
bang ph9n tich hSi quy b^i
Phdn tich tuang quan
TrUdc khi tien hanh phan tich hSi quy
boi, phai xem xet moi tuong quan tuyen
tinh giOa bien phu thupc va tCtng bie'n ddc
lap, cung nhil_gitta cac bie'n dac ISp vdi
nhau. N & bien phu thudc v4 biin doc
lap cd moi tUOng quan tuye'n tinh, thi tiS'n
hanh phSn tich hoi quy.

K 6 qua cho thay tSn tai m S wonE
quan giffa bien phu thupc (Dong luc |im
viec) vdi cic bien dpc lap (Chinh sarh
tien Wdng; Lanh dao; Co hoi thang tis^,
Quan he dong nghiep; Dac diln, cS,
Cronbach's Alpha djt ngirSng cho phep (tren 0.6) yi viec; Chinh sach phiic loi; s u cong nth$ so MOng quan bien long > 0.3, nen diioc chap nhan va Moi trudng lam viec) vdi mile v „„i,l"
1% va 5%. Nhu vay, dc bi»'n dac ij !
de dUa vao phan Iich EFA

52

°"">»bi„


the difa vao md hinh de giai thich cho
ddtig life lam vide cua nhdn vien tai cdc
doanh nghiep nhd va viCa d huyen Ddn
Difdng. Ngoai ra, he so' tifdng quan giffa
cac bid'n ddc ldp nam d mu'c tii"0.106 de'n
0.621, nen khdng gdy quan ngai ve hien
lu'dng da cong tuyd'n giii'a cac bie'n ddc
ldp trong qua trinh phan tich h6i quy.
Phdn tich hoi quy bgi
Nhdm tde gia difa ta't ca 08 bien ddc
lap trong md hinh nghidn ciJu vao phan
lich h6i quy bdi bang phifdng phdp difa
vao ciing mot liic (Enter).
Bang 4 cho tha'y, he sd' R binh phifdng
hieu chinh bdng 0.519, nghta la md hinh
hoi quy tuye'n tinh bdi da xay difng phCi

hdp vdi tap dff lieu la 51.9%. Hay ndi
each khac, cd Ichoang 51.9% bie'n thidn
ciia Dong life lam viec difdc giai ihich
bdi cac nhan to' trong md hinh.
Theo ke't qua d Bang 5, tri thd'ng ke
F dffdc linh tif R square cua md hinh cd
miJc y nghia quan sat rat nho (Sig. =
0.000), cho tha'y md hinh hoi quy tuye'n
tinh boi phil hdp vdi tap dff lidu va cd th^
siJdung dffdc.
Ke't qua he so' hoi quy cua cac bie'n
ddc lap d Bang 6 cho bie't, 6 bie'n ddc lap
cd y nghia thd'ng ke vdi Sig. < 0.05, ffng
vdi mffc y nghia 95%, do la: Chinh sdch
lien Iffdng; Cd hdi thang tid'n; Lanh dao,
Quan he dong nghiep; Dac diem cdng
viec va Sff cdng nhdn. Nhff vay, ca 6 bie'n
d^u anh hffdng tich cffc de'n Ddng life
ldm viec. Cdn lai 2 bien la Mdi tnfdng
lam viec va Chinh sdch phiic ldi cd Sig.
> 0.05, nen khdng cd y nghTa Ihd'ng ke.
Nhff vay, 6 gia thuyet gom: H2, H4, H5,
H6, H7 va H8 dffdc cha'p nhdn, trong khi
gia thuyet HI va H3 bi bac bo.
K^t qua cua nghien cffu ciing chi ra,
Ddng Iffc lam vide eia nhan vien chiu lac
ddng manh nha't bdi Quan he dong nghiep
(beta = 0.464); tiep do id Cd hdi thdng
tid'n (beta = 0.310); Sff cdng nhdn (beta =
0.309); Ddc diem cdng viec (beta = 0.258);

Chinh sdch tien Iffdng (beta = 0.186) va
cud'i ciing la Lanh dao (beta = 0.160).

BAMG 2: KET QUA EFA CUA CAC BIEN DQC LAP
Cdcnbdnt^
1
3
2
4
5
6
7
.876
.768
.762
.671
.581
.826
.803
.797
.716
.632
.839
.810
.789
.708
.850
.771
.760
.718

.751
.734
.720
.703
.775
.769
.754
.596
.871
.773
.763

Bi^nouansSt

8
TLOl
TL03
TL02
TL05
TL04
MT06
MT07
MTOS
MT09
MTIO
TT32
TT31
TT30
TT33
CT22

CT21
CT19
CT23
DN18
DN15
DNI7
DN16
PLM
PLll
PL12
PL13
CV25
CV26
CV24
CN35
.788
CN34
779
741
CN36
Cronbach's Alpha 0.850 0.837 0.888 0.858 0.816 0.734 0.839 0.808
BAMG 3: KET QUA PHAM TICH EFA CUA BEEN PHQ THOQC
He so KMO = 0.758
Mu'c y nghTa cua kiem dinh Bartlett = 0.000
Bien quan sat
DL39
DL38
DL40
DL37
Chi so Eigenvalue


Sir hJi long
.837
.810
.805
778
2.611
65.268%
0821

Phu'dng sal trich
Cronbach's Alpha
BANG 4: CHI TIEU DANH GIA MO HINH HOI QUY

HAM Y QUAN TRj

Model Summaiy

Kd't qua cho thd'y, trong so' 8 nhan Id'
de xua'l ban dau, thl cd 6 nhan to cd dnh
hffdng vdi do tin cay 95% de'n Ddng Iffc
ldm viec cua nhdn vien tai cac doanh
nghiep nho va vffa, bao g6m: Quan he
dong nghidp; Cd hdi thang lien; Sff cdng
nhan; Dac diem cdng vide; Chinh sach
Economy and Forecast Review

Mo
hinh


R

R bmh phtfdng Sai so chuSn
He so
"' R
binh phuong h i ^ chinh
Durbin-Watson

.69334303
1 990
.536
519
1 .732
a. Bien doc lap. (HSng so). CN. TT, CV, LD, DN. PL, MT, TL
b. Bien phu thuoc; DL

53


BAMG 1: HE SO CRONBACH'S ALPHA
CUA CAC THANH PHAN THANG DO
Bigb
Trung bmh
nnfilttgBai Tifffngquan Cn)nbach*s
quan
blCii
Alpha neu
thang do
ting
lo9ibiSh

sat
nfu lo^i bi€ii • i l ! i i l o ^ i &
Thanh phSn Chinh sach tiln lUdng: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.850
TLOI
,780
11,05
8.4391
.793
TL02
.818
9.010
11.27
.661
TL03
813
.686
11.46
9.490
TL04
.839
586
9.440
11.22
.838
TL05
.582
10.91
10.062
Thanh phdn Mdi trifdng lam vifc: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.837
12.84

MT06
.780
7.585
.720
12.85
.671
MT07
7 955
.795
MTOS
12.98
.793
.678
7.956
.654
MT09
8.496
12.59
.802
13.07
MT!0
8.633
.846
.488
Thanh ph^n Chinh sach phuc 1^: Cronbach^s Al aha = 0.734
11.62
2.804
.554
PLll
.657

.661
.553
PL12
11.80
2.955
.749
.413
PL13
12.11
2.878
.607
PL! 4
.630
11.93
2.825
Thanh phdn Quan h& dSng nghifp: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.816
2.484
.772
DN15
11.64
.631
.784
.608
DN16
11 54
2.372
.770
.638
DN17
11 50

2.548
.750
.676
11
53
2.329
DN18
Tbanh phdn Lanh dao: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.859
,822
6 523
14 34
.710
CT19
858
7 020
14.50
.581
CT20
806
.782
14.37
7.020
CT21
814
.743
1441
6.986
CT22
,848
.600

7.572
14.38
CT23
Thanh phan Ddc di^m cdng vifc: Cronbach's Al pha = 0.814
,587
.783
18.75
8.030
CV24
690
.758
18.71
7.421
CV25
.617
.776
18,73
7.742
CV26
.699
.759
7 758
CV27
18.43
.609
.778
7 901
18.53
CV28
.278

844
9 351
18.75
CV29
Thanh nhdn Cd hoi thang ti£'n: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.888
.768
851
4 714
10.14
TT30
856
.759
4 473
10.26
TT31
.835
,811
4,605
TT32|
10.05
,687
.881
4.993
TT331
9.95
Thanh phin Si^cfing nhSn: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.808
639
755
1.819
6.12

CN34
,719
1.604
6.47
.668
CN35
,613
1.756
6.38
.781
CN36
Thanh phin Dfng li/c lam vifc: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.821
,604
3.548
.794
11.35
DL37
,645
3.254
11.60
.775
DL38
,691
3.034
11.45
.753
DL39
,646
3 063
11.53

776
DL40

PMn tich EFA cho bien dpc 1JP,_^
Ke't qua EFA cda thang ^o « '
doc lap cho Ihay,
'^^'ITJllsddi
CT20, CV27 va CV29 cd m " * * ° / , ^
nhan 6-hoac la < 0,5, hoac chenh l^g^
he so-tai nhan t* coa cac bien vd. nhom
nhan to deu > 0,3, nen bi lo?i.
Ka-.,qua,phan * h EFA c o^cong

;*s.sS';So?X^'«"-^-

nhan to-d6c lap dU* trich vao 08 nhan
to' tai Eigenvalue = 1.119 va phifdng
trich da, 69.127*. ,dSng thai, duclcru
trich vao cac nhan t6 (Factor Loading)_,d^t
tieu chuiin > 0,5 va chenh lech trpng so ta,
nhan toCFactor Loading) > 0.3,
Ket qua kiem tra Cronbach s Alpha tat
ca cac thang do diu co he so Cronbach's
Alpha > 0.6 (Bang 2) va co tirong quan
bid'n long deu > 0.3.
Nhu vSy, vdi 36 bien quan sat da phan
ti'ch EFA, ke't qua phan tich rut trich iMc
08 nhan to nhir ffong mo hinh de xuS't.
Trong so cua cac bien quan sat deu > 0.5
va he so tai nhan to'ciia cac bie'n vdi cac

nhdm nhan 16' < 0.3, cho thay thang do
dat dUdc gia tri hOi tu.
PhSn tich EFA cho bie'n phy thuSc
Theo ke't qua phan tich EFA tai Bang
3, he s6' KMO = 0.758 vdi miJc y nghia
\i 0.00 trong kiem dinh Bartlett. Tong
phuang sai trich la 65.268% > 50% va
chi so Eigenvalue la 2.611 >1. Cac bid'n
cd he sd'tai > 0.5. NhU vay, thang do dat
gia tri diing mot nhan to nhu mo hinh de
xuift, dong thdi dat do gia tri hdi tu do cd
he so' tai nhiin to > 0,5, tong phifdng sai
trich ffen 50%,
^ Kig'm dinh md hinh nghidn Clhl
b^ng phSn tich h6i quy bpi
Phdn tkh tucmg quan
Tnrdc khi tie'n hanh phan tich hoi quy
bdi, phai xem x^t md'i tudng quan tuye'n
tinh giiJa bie'n phu thuoc va tirng bien doc
lap, cung nhir giii'a cac bien ddc lap vdi
nhau, N^u bien phu thudc va bie'n doc
lap cd moi ttfdng cjuan tuye'n tinh, thi tid'n
hanh phan tich hdi quy,
Ke't qui cjio thay, t6n tai md'i Mdng
quan giOa bien phu thudc (Ddng Itfc lam
vide) vdi cac bien ddc lip (Chinh sich
tien Itfdng; Lanh dao; Co hdi thang tie'nQuan hd dong nghiep; Bac diem cdns
lec. Chinh sach phiic ldi; Stf cdng nl,3„
Cronbach's Alpha dat ngffSng cho ph^p (tren 0.6) va
he so' Itfdng quan bien long > 0.3, nen dffdc chd'p nhdn \h Mdi trtfdng lam vide) vdi mtfc y nghia

1% va 59c. Nhtf vay, cac bien ddc 13
de dffa vao phdn tich EFA.

52

«D«bi„


th6 diia vao mo hinh de giai thich cho
dong lU'c iam viec cua nhdn vi6n tai cac
doanh nghiep nho va vita d huyen Don
Du'dng. Ngoai ra, hd so'tu'ong quan giiJa
cdc bien doc lap nam d mu'c tiJf 0.106 de'n
0.621, nen khdng gay quan ngai ve hien
tifdng da cdng tuye'n giUa cdc bien doc
lap trong qua trinh phan tich hoi quy.
Phdn lich hoi quy boi
Nhom tac gia difa td't ca 08 bid'n doc
Idp trong mo hinh nghien ciJu vdo phan
tich hoi quy boi bang phifdng phdp difa
vdo ciJng mot liic (Enter).
Bang 4 cho thd'y, he so'R binh phifdng
hidu chinh bang 0.519, nghia la mo hinh
h6i quy tuyen tinh boi da xay ddng phU
hdp vdi tap dff Ii6u Id 51.9%. Hay ndi
cdch khac, co khoang 51.9% bien thien
cua Dong life lam viec du'dc giai thich
bdi cac nhan to trong mo hinh.
Theo ket qua d Bdng 5, tri thong ke
F du'cfc tinh tii R square cua mo hinh co

mi?c y nghia quan sat rd't nho (Sig. =
0.000), cho tha'y mo hinh h6i quy tuye'n
linh boi phu hdp vdi tap dff lidu va cd th^
su' dung difdc.
Ke't qua he so' hoi quy cua cac bie'n
dgc lap d Bang 6 cho bie't, 6 bie'n dgc lap
CO y nghia tho'ng ke vdi Sig. < 0.05, iJug
vdi mu'c y nghia 95%, do Id: Chinh sdch
tien lifdng; Cd hoi thang tid'n; Ldnh dao,
Quan he dong nghiep; Ddc didm cong
viec va Sif cong nhan. Nhif vdy, ca 6 bie'n
deu anh hifdng tich cifc dd'n D6ng lU'c
Iam viec. Con lai 2 bie'n Id Moi tru'dng
Iam vide va Chinh sdch phiic Idi cd Sig.
> 0.05, nen khong co y nghia tho'ng kd.
Nhif vdy, 6 gia thuye't gom; H2, H4, H5,
H6, H7 va H8 difdc chd'p nhdn, trong khi
gia thuyd'l HI va H3 bi bdc bo.
Kd't qua cua nghien cuia cung chi ra,
Ddng life Idm vide cua nhan vidn chiu tdc
ddng manh nha't bdi Quan he dong nghiep
(beta = 0.464); tie'p dd la Cd hgi thang
tien (beta = 0.310); Sif cdng nhan (beta =
0.309); Ddc di^m cong viec (beta = 0.258);
Chinh sach tiin lifdng (beta = 0.186) va
cud'i ciing la Lanh dao (beta = 0.160).

BAriG 2: KET QGA EFA CUA CAC BIEN DOC LAP
Bien quan sat
C&cnhSHtS'

1
2
4
.5
6
8
7
TLOI
,876
TL03
-768
TL02
,762
TL05
,671
TL04
,581
MT06
,826
MT07
.803
MT08
797
MTOS
716
MTIO
.632
TT32
.839
Tr31

810
rr30
789
TT33
.708
CT22
.850
CT21
.771
.760
CT19
CT23
.718
.751
DN18
,734
DN15
DN17
,720
,703
DN16
,775
PL14
,769
PLll
,754
PL12
,596
PL13
.871

CV25
.773
CV26
CV24
.763
788
CN35
.779
CN34
.741
CN36
Cronbach's Alpha 0 850 0.837 0.888 0.858 0,816 0.734 0 839 0 808

»

BANG 3: KET QUA PHAN TICH EFA CGA BIEN PHg THUQC
Hes6'KMO = 0 758
MiJc y nghTa ciia kiem dinh Bartlett = 0.000
Bi6'nquan sat
DL39
DL.^8
DL40
DL37
Chi so Eigenvalue

Sifhai long
.837
.810
.805
-778

2.6il
65.268%
0.821

Phirong sai trich
Cronbach's Alpha
BANG 4: CHI TIEU DANH GIA MO HIMH HOI QUY

HAM Y QUAN TRj

Model Summary'*

Kd't qua cho thd'y, trong s6' 8 nhan td'
di xua't ban dau, thi cd 6 nhan to' cd anh
hu'dng vdi do tin cdy 95% dd'n Dong life
ldm viec cua nhan vien tai cdc doanh
nghiep nho va vifa, bao gom: Quan hd
d6ng nghidp; Cd hdi thang tid'n; S\i cong
nhan; Dac di^m cdng viec; Chinh sach
Economy and Forecast Review

Mo
hinh

R

R binh phu'dng Sai so chuan
H? so
R
binh phirong hifiu chinh cua \Sdc lifdng Durbin-Watson


-519
69334303
1.990
536
1 732
a. Bien d5e lap: (Hang so), CN, TT, CV. LD. DN. PL, MT. TL
b. Bie'n phu thu6c: DL

53


B A N O 5 : P H A N TICH A N O V A TRONG MO HINH HOI Q U V

ANOVA'
Mo hinh Tone blnh phiGfiur
Blnh vbmoR ennK binh .. ,F
Hoi quy
122,760
8
15,345 31921
1
SodU
106,240
221
,481
Tonn
229,000
229
a, Big'n doc lao: (Hane so), CN, TT, CV, LD, DN, PL, MT, TL

b, Bien phu tliuoc. DL

Sis.
,000

BANG 6; H | SO HOI QUY CHUAN HOA VA CHtfA CHUAN HOA
Coefficients'
Thong ke da
H$ so hoi quy
HS so hfii quy
Sig.
cdne tuyen
chiTa chuan lioa
da chuan h6a
Md tunh
t
Tolerance VIF
Sai so chain
Beta
B
(Constanl) 1.153E-016
046
000 1,000
1-000 1.000
TL
.186
.046
.186 4.051 non
-.011 -.235 814
I-000 1.000

MT
-.011
.046
1.000 1.000
TT
.310
.046
.3iO 6.765 .000
1
1.000 1.000
LD
160
046
.160 3.484 .001
1 000 1.000
464
046
.464 10.125 .000
DN
046
.051 1.106 .270
1.000 1 000
PL
.051
.258 5.624 .000
1.000 1.000
CV
.258
.046
1.000 1000

CN
.309
.046
.309 6.755 000
a. Bien phu thuoc DL
INgu6n- K e i qua ntjhien ( uu cua nhom lac qia

tien lu'dng; Lanh dao. Tren cd sd do, nhdm tac gia d l
xua't cac giai phdp nham thiic day Dong life lam vide
cua nhan vien trong cac doanh nghidp nho va vifa d
huyen Ddn Difdng, tinh Ldm Dong nhif sau:
Thff nhdt, xdy dffng mdi quan he dong nghiep. Quan
hd d6ng nghiep td't, than thien se lam tang sif thda man,
hai long trong cong viec, tif do lang dpng li/c lam vi^c
cho nhdn vien. Vi vdy, cac doanh nghiep can thiic dd'y
vdn hda h§ trd nhau trong cdng viec, giiip nhau ciing
lien bp, sdn sang h§ trd cdng viec cho nhau. Ben canh
do, c^n thuc day Iam vide nhdm dd' cai thidn moi quan
hd giii'a cac nhan vien.
Thff hai. tgo ca hgi thdng tii'n cho nhdn vien Bdi,
thang tid'n la mot nhu cau thid'l Ihi/c cua ngifdi lam vide

trong bd't ky doanh nghiep ndo, s"/ *^"p
tid'n tao cd hoi cho cd nhan. tang dia Vl,
uy tin, cung nhi/quyen life cua hP-/^h^
thdi ldng ddng life lam vide giil chan no
,
vdi td chii'c.
Thff ba. hodn thiin chinh sach^ khen
Ihffdng vd cong nhdn nhffng dong gop cua

nhdn vien. Khi difdc ddnh gia dung vdi
Idia ndng va cong siic bo ra, nhan vien se
cd'ng hie'n khdng ngiftig.
Thff tff sdp xi'p cdng viec phit hgp vm
ndng luc nhdn vien. Khi phan cong, bo
h:i edng viec, lanh dao doanh nghiep can
lifu y xem xet cdng vide cd phti hdp vdi
kha nang cua nhdn vien dd kh6n|; phai
thdng bao rd cho nhan vien bie't ve cdn|
viec hp se lam, qua do nhdn vien c6 the
phdt huy the' manh cua minh.
Thff ndm. ddm bdo tien lUOng hap ly.
cdng bang. Cdc doanh nghiep can xay
difng chid'n lu'de kinh doanh phu hdp,
qua do tang doanh thu nhdm tdng quy
tien lifdng, nang cao thu nhdp cho ngifdi
lao dpng, vi tien lifcfng la md'i quan tdm
hang dau vd la nhan tdduy tri dpng life
lam viec cua ngifdi lao dpng. Phifdng
phdp phdn chia tien lifdng phai dara
bao difdc cdc nguydn tac: tra lifdng theo
chu'c danh cdng vide; tra lifdng theo vi
tri cong viec: trd lifdng theo kd'l qua
cong vide.
Thff sdu, ldnh dgo nen tin tudng vdo
ndng lite cua nhdn viin, giao quyin tif
quye'i trong cong vide cho nhan vidn,
han chd' blnh ludn, nha'c nhd mpt cdch
qua lieu cu'c. Nhu vdy, mdi lara tang sif
thda man trong cong vide, giup nhdn

vidn cam thay hai Idng va cd dpng life de
lam viec hdn.Q

TAI LIEU THAMKHAO
1. Nguyen Van Diera, Nguydn Ngpc Quan (2007). Gido trinh qudn tri nhdn luc, Nxb Dai hpc
Kinh td'Quo'c ddn
2. Hodng Trpng, Chu Nguydn Mdng Ngoc (2008). Phdn tich dff lieu nghien cffu khoa hgc vdi
SPSS, Nxb Hong DiJc
3. Btii Anh Tua'n (2009). Gido trinh hdnh vi td chffc, Nxb Dai hpe Kinh te Quoc dan
4. Tran Kim Dung, Nguydn Ngpc Lan V\ (2011). Thang do dpng vidn nhdn vien, Tap c/ii'P/,dr
trien Kinb te, so 244, thang 2/2011
5. Pham Thi Minh Ly vd Dao Thanh Nguydt Nga (2015). Cac nhan to' tac dgng de'n dpng luc
lam viec cua gidng vien dai hpc tai cdc tnfdng dai hoc tren dia ban Thanh phd'Ho Chi Minh Tao
chi Kinh leva Phdt trien, so'223, 90-99
' "^
6. Cao Thi Thanh. Tr^n Quang Hdhg (2018). Cdc nhan td anh hifdng de'n dpng life lam vide cQa
ngifdi lao dpng tai trung tdm hua'n luyen va thi da'u thd' due the thao iinh Thanh Hda. Tgp chi Kho
hgc vd Cong nghe, 46, 78-84
7. Frederick Herzberg (1959). The Motivation to Work, Harvard Business Review Classics
New York

54