THLTC TIJN - KINH NGHieiW

^

MOT SdXU Hl/dNG NOI BAT CUA THE GI6I
DO DAI DICH COVID-19 VA NHUfNG TAC DONG
DOI Vdi VIET NAM TRONG THdl GIAN T 6 |
• PGS, TSKH TRAN NGUYEN TUVfeN
Hoi dong Ly lug.n Trung uang

• Torn tdt: Dich binh COVID-19 khdi phdt tU Trung Quoc (thdng 12-2019) den nay da
lan rdng ra cdc quoc gia va trd thdnh dai dich nguy hiem, tdc dpng sau rpng tdi tdt cd cdc
Unh vUc kinh te, chinh tri, xd hpi, y ti, qud trinh todn cdu hda... doi vdi sUphdt trien todn
the gidi hiin nay vd trong thdi gian tdi. Theo long ThUky Lien Hdp quoc Antonio Guterres,
tdc dpng cua dai dich COVID-19 Id thdch thiic ldn nhdt md the gidi phdi ddi mat ki tti
sau Chien tranh the gidi ldn thUhai. Bdi viet tap trungphdn tich, ddnhgid vd dUhdo mpt
sSxu hudng noi bat cua tinh hinh the gidi qua dai dich COVID-19 vd nhiing tdc dpng doi
vdi muc tieu phdt trien nhanh vd ben vUng cua Viit Nam trong thdi gian tdi.
• Tiikhda: Dai dich COVID-19, JMuc tieuphdt trien nhanh vd ben vUng VietNam.
1. M^t sh xu hinhig n6i b3t cda th^ gidl qua
dai dich COVID-19
Tdc dpng ciia dai dich COVID-19 ddi vdi tiie
gidi theo Tdng thu ky Lien Hgp qudc Antonio
Guterres hien nay la thach thiic ldn nhat ma the
gidi phai ddi mat ke tir sau ChignttanhThe gidi
thii II. Dai dieh diln ra ttong bdi eanh thg gidi
dang phdi ddi mat vdi nhidu khd khdn thdch
thiic, bat dn. Ldn ddu tidn, cde nudc tren thd
gidi phai dp dyng cdc bien phap chua timg ed
nhu phong tda, gidn cdch xd hOi, ddng ciia bien
gidi, tam dvmg nhigu boat dOng dich vu nhu

hdng khdng, du lieh... Kinh tg thg gidi bl tde
dpng hgt siic nghidm trpng do gidn doan cde

boat dpng kmh tg, lam dut gay chudi sdn xudt
va cung ling. Dai dich ed thg dan ddn mdt cudc
suy thodi kinh tg tdi te nhat ttong lich sii hien
dai. Khiing hoang kinh te Iam cho khung hodng
xd hdi themttamttpng,su bat binh ddng xd hpi,
phan hda giau ngheo, mdu thuan chinh tri gia
tang tai nhidu nudc. Tien trinh toan cau hda
dang gdp them nhieu khd khan ttd ngai. Canh
tranh chien luge giiia cdc nudc ldn, nhat la
quan he Trung - My didn ra ngay cang gay gdt,
phiic tap.
Chu nghia dan tdc, ehii nghia ddn tiiy, chii
nghia cudng quyen, chii nghia bao hp, ehu nghia
thuc dyng cd xu hudng phat tridn ddn ddn su suy
LyLUANCHfNHTR!-So10/2020


^

THl/CTIJN - KINH NGHIEM

giam vai ttd cua nhidu the chg da phuong. An
Tai My, ca quan nghidn ciiu kuih te qudc gia
nmh phi tmyen thdng ngay cdngttdthdnh van My cho bigt, nen kmh te nudc nay da kdt thiic
dg cap bdch ddi hdi phai cd su hop tdc giua cdc giai doan tdng trudng dai nhdt ttong Uch sii vd
qude gia.
roi vao suy thoai ttong thdng 2, do anh hudng

Cd the khdi qudt mdt sd xu hudng ndi bat ciia ciia dai dich COVID-19. Ngn kinh tgsd 1 the gidi
thd gidi do dai dich COVID-19 nhu sau:
dy bdo se gidm 8% GDP ttong ndm nay.
Kinh ti thi gidi suy tboiiv^dur^trudv: nguy Tai Lien minh chau Au, biic tranh kinh tg
ca khung hoingn^Bm trgng, ddng thdi vdixu cung xudt hien mdt loat khd khan khi dieh
hudnggia tSngbitdn cbinh tri -^hdi
benh diln bien nghiem ttpng d tat ca cdc ngn
Do dich COVID-19, kmh te todn edu sau 6 kinh te ehu ehdt d chau lyc. Ngn kinh tg Eurothang dau ndm 2020 dupe nhan dinh da budc zone GDP dd gidm 3,8% ttong quy I nam 2020
vdo mpt cudc suy thodi tdi te hon so vdi cudc ttong khi san xuat kinh doanh dmh tte la miic
khiing hodng tdi chmh 2008 - 2009. Trong bdo giam Slit ldn nhdt kg tii nam 1995. GDP ciia 19
eao cdng bd ngay 24-6-2020, Quy Tidn te qudc nudc thanh vien Eurozone udc giam hon 10%
te (IMF) dd bdo dOng dai dich COVID-19 da tdc ttong nam nay.
ddng dgn tdt ca mpi khu vue dia ly trgn toan
Tai Trung Qudc, dich benh du dd dugc kigm
cau, khien GDP cua the gidi thap ban, giam sodt song tdc dgng nghiem ttpng vi kinh tg da
4,9% so vdi ndm 2019, thdp hon rat nhigu so vdi bdc Id rd hon. Kmh tg Trung Qudc suy gidm 6,8%
miic -1,7% ciia eude khung hoang tai ehinh ttong quy I nam 2020, dupe du bdo chi tdng 1,3%
ndm 2008; dai dich COVID-19 da cudn ttdi ttong quy II nam 2020. nhieu kha ndng se gidm
12.000 ty USD cua cdi trdn thd gidi. Td chiic tdc dp tang trudng tir 6,9% nam 2019 roi xudng
Hgp tac va Phat trign kmh te (OECD) cdn du cdn 1% trong ndm nay. Dich bdnh bung phdt
bdo ngu COVID-19 biing phat Ian tiiu 2, GDP ttong hdi eanh Tnmg Qudc ehiu tdc ddng ciia
toan cau cd the giam -7,6%'".
chignttanhthuang mai vdi My, bdt 6n vl chinh
Kinh tg thg gidi theo du bdo se khdi phyc tri, xd hpi (d Hdng Kdng).
chdm, keo ddi va khdng ddng deu d cdc khu
Tai Nhdt Ban, dudi tac ddng eiia dai dich
vuc bai suy thoai kinh tg diln ra ttong bdi canh COVID-19, kinh te Nhat Ban da lan dautienroi
nhilu nhdn td gdy khd khdn bat dn eung tdc vao suy thodi ke tir ndm 2015, tang trudng am hai
dgng nhu canh tranh chien luge, canh ttanh quy lien tiep; tdt ca cdc yeu td tir tieu dimg tir
thuang mai giiia cdc nude ldn gia tang, bien nhdn, chitiduvdn va xudt khau ddu ghi nhan su

dgng gia dau md qudc td, tdc ddng eiia bien ddi giam Slit.
khi hdu, nudc bidn dang, cac dau tau kinh tg
Dai dieh COVID-19 ciing tdc dgng ndng nl
nhu nhdm cac nudc G7, G20 deu gap khd den kmh tg ede nude /^EAN, IMF du bdo tdng
khdn... Nhuvay, kha ndng kinh te thg gidi phyc tnrdng GDP ciia ede nudc ASEAN sg giam 0,6%
hdi theo hinh ehii V la khd cd thg xay ra, nhieu ttong ndm 2020.
khd ndng chi cd thg phuc hdi theo hinh chii U,
Theo bdo cdo ddnh gid sabd ciia Td chiie Lao
tiic la tir hi di len, ngay ca phuang an nay ciing ddng qude tg (ILO): cude khung hoang kmh td vd
khdng dl dang, bdi cde try cdt kinh te thg gidi lao ddng do dieh COVID-19 gay ra cd the lam
deu gdp khd khdn.
tang them 25 trieu ngudi that n ^ e p uen toan
LV LUAN CHtNH TR! - So 10/2020


cdu, so vdi sd lupng thdt nghidp la 188 trieu ttong Cudc Cach mang Cdng nghiep 4.0 phdt trign
nam 2019'^'.
khd manh, ede nude chiittpnghon ddu tu, thuc
Dgi dich dd gay ra nhung hdu qud nang ng day, ling dung cae edng nghe phii hgp thich iing
lam phiic tap thgm cac vdn dg ehinh tri - xa hdi vdi mdi tnrdng xa hdi, giamtiepxiic vd gidm sdt,
eiia tiing qudc gia cung nhu nhirng vdn de d quan ly xd hdi. Viee thue hien chmh phii dien ni,
thuang mai dign tu, lam viec true tuydn tai nhd,
phamvi todn edu.
5ir chu^n dich /dn cda chudi cung Ong hgp true tuydn tir xa, khdm ehiia benh tii xa;
edng nghe 5G, SG, cdng nghe tu ddng hda, tri tue
todn ciu
Tnrdc dai dich, xu hudng dich chuyen chuoi nhan tao, edng nghe nano da ed budc phat tiidn
cung ling theo hudng gidm bdt su Id thudc vdo nhay vpt. Cdeh mang khoa hoc cdng nghe dang
Trung Qudc da xuat hien do tac ddng ciia chidn lam thay ddi thd gidi vg mpi phuong dien, cac
ttanh thuong m^, chu nghia dan tdc ndi Idn va nudc cung sg day manh cdc bien phdp edng

quan hg xau di giiia My vd Tnmg Qudc. Dai dich nghd nhdm h ^ che nguy co thach thiie vg an
COVID-19 bung phat thiic ddy cdc nudc phdt ninh mang, an ninh phi tmyen thdng.
trign, digu chinh manh hon vide dieh chuydn cde Xu hudng tieu dung, thuong mai vd xu thg
chudi cung ung ra khdi Trung Qude, ddng thdi phdt triln se thay ddi. Xudt hien cdc nganh nghd
ndng cao ndng lue tu chii doi vdi cae mat hang kmh doanh trye tuyen mdi dya tten kmh tg sd,
thigt ygu, cd tinh chign lupe eao vd ehu trpng theo nguyen tdc tir xa, han chetidpxue.
hon ddn viec khai thac tdi da thi trudng ndi dia.
Thay dSinh$n thdc vi quin tri qudcffa
Sdp tdi, cac qudc gia setimcdch gidm thieu su
Thuc tiln thiic day cac nudc nhdn thiic lai vg
phu thuOc vao mdt thi trudng, ldm thay ddi quan vai trd cua nha nudc vd mdi quan he eua nha
he thuang mai todn cdu.
nudc vdi thi trudng vd xa hdi nhdm bao dam kha
Diy nhanh hinh thdnh vi cdch tiip can mdi nang xii Iy hieu qua eae cugc khung hoang.
Nhan thiie vg gia tri, muctieuva phuang thiic
vi toin ciu hda
Tign trinh toan cdu hda dd cd xu hudng ehirng phdt tridn, dap iing nhu cdu thye te cua con
lai, phai ddi mat vdi nhieu thdch thiic, dac biet ngudi, giam thieu su phy thudc tir ben ngoai
la sy gia tdng eua ehu nghia dan tde, chu nghia ttong eac linh vue thiet yeu; mdi quan he cdng don phuong, xu hudng bao hd, canhttanhnudc tu; mdi quan he giiia quyen tu do cd nhan vd lgi
ldn. Trong bdi eanh mdi, eac nude dieu chinh Ich cdng ddng, bao dam cdc quyen chmh dang
eachtigpcan mdi ddi vditidntrinh toan cau hda eiia cd nhdn vdi lgi ich cdng ddng, xd hdi, Theo
vdi cdc bien phap hdi nhap nhdm ban ehe nil ro, dd, siic khde cdng ddng dupe ddt len tnrdc, eao
do su tuy thude ldn nhau giiia eac ndn kinh tg. han quyen tu do ca nhdn.
Vdn dg bidn gidi va chii quygn se dupe ehii ttpng Diy nhanh dinh hinh l^i md hinh quin tri
honttongquan h§ kinh td, ciing nhu vdn dg bao toin ciu
v^ siic khde cpng ddng.
Trong nhiing nam qua, eac dinh chd qudc te
Trong bdi canh mdi, todn cau hda khdng bi cdo chii chdt da khdng phdt huy hieu qua vai ttd
chung md van la xu thd khdeh quan ttong digu quan tri toan cdu do mdu thudn sau sdc giiia cdc
kien mdi cdn cd nhiing ludt choi mdi phii hop. nudc ldn cling nhu sy bat cap, han chg ciia

Thdc <^y cudc Cich m^ngCdngn^dp 4.0 nhiing dinh che nay. Dai dieh lan ndy da bde Id
LYLUAN CHfNH TRI-S610/2020


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THlfCTIJN - KINH NGHIIM

nhiing yeu kem ttdn, ddc biet id su thieu hieu chi phi chien ttanh qud cao, cd nhieu phuong
qua ttong phdi hpp qudc te ttong viec ddi phd each dg dat loi ich qudc gia ma khdng can qua
vdi dich bgnh.
chign ttanh) nhung Iai tang nguy ca giai quygt
Dai dieh eiing bdc Id nhiing khiem khuygt ldn mdu thudn 6 ngoai vi (vdn dg Bign Ddng. chidn
ttong cde co chg qudn tri toan cau, khu vuc, kg ttanh mang...). Xu thg eanhttanhchien lupc My
ca Lien Hpp qudc, ddng thdi cho thay thg gidi ca - Trung se ngay eang quyet hgt, todn dien hon.
ban van van hanhttdncdc nguyen tdc de cao lgi Cyc dien "ttanh hiing" mang tinh thd ky gjiia
ich qude gia - dan tdc vi k^. Digu nay gdn Udn vdicde nudc Idn nay smh tu truac khi dai dich biing
viec gia tang ciia xu hudng chu nghia bao hd, phdt se tigp diln ldu dai vdi dO thangttamkhdc
chii nghia dan tiiy, chu nghia cudng quyen, chu rtiiau. Vdi tdc ddng ciia diln bign tten, mOt sd
n ^ a thye dyng, dan den sy suy gjam cua nhieu cdu tnic chinh tri, an mnh qudc tg se thay ddi;
thg chd da phuang. Do vdy, trong thdi gian tdi, tinh hinh mOt so khu vucttongdo cd Bign Ddng
vaittdcdc dinh ehd qude tg se bi thdch thiic rdt ngay eang phiie tap; cde dai chidn lupc nhu
ldn, thiie day xu hudng eai edeh cac dinh chg "mpt vanh dai, mdt eon dirdng", "An Dd Duong
qudc td, hdttpeho quan tri toan cau, khdc phyc - Thai Bmh Duong tu do rdng md" setidptyc tdc
nhiing yeu kem hoc Idttongthdi gian qua.
ddng; can cd nghien ciiu sau hon dl du bdo cyc
Chuyin dich quyin l^c, cliinh sidi vi d0ng didn, trat tu the gidi 5-10 ndm sau dai dich
thii mdi cda cic nudc ldn, nhit Ii quan h$ COVID-19, trong dd quan ttpng la cdc khia
canh: Ueu cue didn,ttatty the gidi cd cdn do My
Trung-My

Tir ndm 2016 ddn nay, da cd mdt sd thay ddi va phuong Tay chi phdi hay khdng hay se la mpt
nhu: Mytigptuc la sign eudng duy nhat, nhung ttat tu that su da cue; My Ueu dd kgt thiic vai ttd
Tnmg Qudc dang nit ngdn khoang cdch tten lanh dao ehua?...
nhigu mdt, cd vl lupng va chat (kmh td, khoa hpc Vg Unh vue eanh ttanh giiia cdc nudc ldn, cdc
va cdng nghe, bdng sdng chg...), tao ra cyc dien ygu td mdi can dugc nhan manh la canh ttanh
da cue, da trung tdm nhung phdn bd quyln luc tri thiic, thdng tin, dii Ueu va edng nghg, Id cdc
khdng dgu; ceuih ttanh chign luge giiia My va Unh vyc cd tinh chdt ngdy cang quydt dinh ddi
Tnmg Qudc ngay cang gia tdng, ttong eac Unh vdi siic manh tdng hpp qudc gia.
vue kinh te, qudn su, thi trudng, cdng nghd, sd
Vin dian ninbphi truyin th6ag(mdi trudng,
hiiu tri tue... khdng chittongkhu vuc chdu A - sinh thii, dich binh, biin ddikblh$u, an ninh
Thai Binh Duang ma cdn md rdng sang cde dia m^ng...} diin biin phdc t^p
bdn khde. Canh ttanh chien luge My - Tnmg
Cdc thdch thiie an ninh phi tmygn thdng dang
hien dang cd bieu hien ciia chidn ttanh lanh. vd sg duge uutidncap honttongnghi trinh ciia
Trong cudc canhttanhchidn lupc nay khdng cd cdc qudc gia. Hudng uutiense duge thg hien 6
ngudi chidn thdng, ca hai dgu hi thiet hai, ddn chd cdc chien lupc an nmh phdt trien eiia ede
tdn cdng ciia My khdng lam Trung Qudc sup do, nude sg can toan dien, bao trum, ben vung, tiJ
trir ygu td ndi bd ciia Trung Qude; kha ndng tir cudng, cd khd ndng chdng sdc tdt ban, cae quygt
canhttanhchidn luge Trung - My it cd khd nang sdch vira can the hien tdm nhin xa, vira phai
tao ra chign ttanh quy md ldn, chienttanhkhu nhanh nhay, sdc ben kiptiidi,ttudchdt bao ddm
vyc, chidn ttanh tdng lyc (do rdn de hat nhdn, an ninh, an toan va sinh ke cho ngudi ddn.
LfLUAN CHfNH TRI-S610/2020


m

Tranh co dong phong chong COVID-19 a mot diim nut giao thong cita Hd Noi _ Anh: TTXVN

Hdu het cdc vdn dl an nmh phi tmygn thdng tuu ve phdt tridn kinh te - xa hditidptyc giiip Viet

deu mang tinh ehdt xuyen qude gia va vuot ra Nam la diem sdng hdp dan nhieu mat ddi vdi cdc
ngodi kha ndng gidi quyet ciia bdt ky qudc gia ddi tac. qua do giam thidu, hda giai cdc mat ddi
ndo, ddi hdi sund lire hpp tdc ciia tdt ca cac nudc tupng. Kha nang xii ly khiing hoang COVID-19
thanh cdng viia qua ldm tdng vi the qudc te va
ttong khu vuc va cdng ddng qude td.
2. T^c d^ng ciia cac xu th^ mdi doi vdi myc hmh anh cua Viet Nam la mdt ddi tdc tin cay,
tieu phat trien nhanh va ben vung cua Vift diem den an todnttongnhiing ndm tdi.
Nam trong thod gian tdi
Tinh hinh qudc te tdc ddng thudn ddi vdi Viet
Vdi ndn kinh tg cd dp md rdt cao va dang hdi Nam tten cac gdc dp: (i) Gia tang vai trd vj the
nhlip qudc tg sdu rdng, da ky 12 Hiep dinh tu do cua Viet Nam tren trudng qudc tg; (ii) Tao ca
thdhe mdi vdi cdc ddi tdc vd td chiic qudc te, Viet hpi thudn lgi eho viec thiic day quan he chien
Nam sg chiu tac ddng manh tir rtiiiing gi dang luge giiia Vidt Nam vdi ede nudc ldn len tdm eao
mdi; (in) Tdng vi thd eiia Viet Namttongviec ttd
dign rattongnen kinh td todn cau.
thdnh dau mdi eiia ede nd luc hpp tde vd Uen kgt
Vicabpi
Trong bdi ednh thd gidi cd nhilu bign ddng kinh tettongkhu vuc va tten the gidi. Tao digu
nhung Viet Nam vdn giii dupe nin tang ehinh tri kien cho Viet Nam tham gia chuoi san xuat va
vd mdi trudng kinh tg vi md dn dinh. Nhdn td cung iing khu vuc va todn edu mdi. Nhd chdng
nay kgt hgp vdi su phdt ttign quan he ciia Viet dieh thanh edng, nudc ta ed khdng it lgi the
Nam vdi cac ddi tde chidn lupe, quan he song trong viee phue hdi kinh te. Mdt ttong nhiing
phuang va da phuang rdng md, nhiing thanh CO hdi mdi ddi vdi ta Id xu hudng chuyen dich
LfLUAN CHfNH TRI-So 10/2020


EL

THl/CTliN-KINH NGHIEM


cac CO sd san xudt sang Ddng Nam A,ttongdd Viet Nam. ASEAN va ea chg hgp tac khu vyc
Viet Nam dupe eoi la mdt ttong nhirng digm diing trudc nguy ea hi phan hda va ehia re.
den uu tign.
Tinh hinh khu vuc chau A - Thai B'rnh Duong
diln bien phiic tap ttong bdi ednh eanh ttanh
Thich thuc
Ben canh thdi ca, Viet Nam ciing gap thdch chien lupc My - Tnmg, xudt hien dau hieu chign
thiic to ldn se gap khd khan han do myc tieu ttanh lanh mdi. Khdng loai trii thda hiep gitia cdc
tangttudng7% giai doan 2021-2025 sg khdng de nudc Idn theo kieu G2 gjiia My va Trung Qude,
thuc hienttongbdi canh mdi trudng phdt tridn digu nay sg tdc dOng den an ninh cua khu vuc
ed xu hirdng xdu di. Chung ta phai chdp nhan va Ddng Nam Attongdd cd Viet Nam.
chuan hi ngudn luc, bidn phap ling phd vdi cac
d^troi^nudc bgn canh thudn Ipi, Viet Nam
tinh hudng bdt dinh mdi se ngay cang nhieu; dang phai ddi mat vdi nhigu khd khdn va thdch
phai iing phd vdi mdi trudng dia chidn luge nay thiie nghiemttpngnhu,ttongkhi the gidi dang
shih, nhiing phiie tap ngodi tam kigm soat (canh tien vao cude Cdeh mang cdng nghiep 4.0, thi
ttanh My - Trung, cdc nen tang kinh tg, chinh tri,Viet Nam vdn chii ygu d giai dogn hai,tiicgiai
qudn tti todn cdu gap khd khan). Nhilu thdch doan gia cdng, ldp rap. Theo thdng kg, han 95%
thiic nhu vdn dg Bign Ddng, an ninh ngudn nudc doanh nghiep d Viet Nam thudc loai doanh
sdngMe Kdng chua cd giai phap can ban, ldu dai nghiep nhd vd vira, ndng luc canh ttanh, trinh
va phy thude vao nhilu ygu td.
dp khoa hpc cdng nghe, nhdt la chat lupng
rinh hmh dich benh COVID-19 cdn diln bien ngudn nhan lue cdn thap. Viee thye hien cac dot
phiic tap tai nhieu qudc gia ciing gay khd khan phd chien luge ve ca sd ha tang vd ngudn nhdn
eho quan he thuong mai giiia Viet Nam va cdc lire vd the ehe mac dii dupe chuttpng,song kdt
nudc. Cae bien phap gian cdeh xa hdi, ddng cua qua cdn han chg.
bien gidi se tiep tyc gdy dnh hudng den boat
Trong bdi canh dai dich COVID-19 dang diln
dpng xuat nhap khau cua Viet Nam vdi ede ddi bien phiic tap, miic dp giai ngdn vdn ddu tu
tac chinh ttong thdi gian tdi, ddc biet la nhiing cdng, dugc xae dinh la nhdn td quan ttpng dg

nudc dang chiu tde ddng manh me cua dai dich thiie day tdngtiirdngGDP cdn rdt chdm. Theo
COVID-19 nhu My, chdu Au.
thdng ke, 6tiidngdau nam 2020, cac Bp ngdnh
Tinh hinh the gidi, canh ttanh cdc nudc Idn dia phuong mdi giai ngdn dupe gdn 35% tdng
nhdt la quan he My - Trung dang dat ra nhigu vdn dau tu edng, nhu vdy 6 thdng cudi ndm cdn
van de mdi cho an ninh, dn dinh vd phdt tridn phai thuc hien giai ngdn tiep 65%, dg ddm bdo
ciia khu vyc Ddng Nam A ciing nhu lua chpn giai ngdn 100% tdng vdn dau tu cdng. Ddy Id
chinh sach ciia tung qude gia ttong khu vuc, nhiem vu khd khdnttongbdi canh mdi hien nay.
ttong dd cd Viet Nam. Vi lgi ich chien luge, cde Nguy CO tut hdu xa ban ve phdt trign kinh tg so
nude ldn se gia tdng can du vdo khu vuc Bien vdi eac nudcttongkhu vyc ASEAN va thg gidi vdn
Ddng, gdy ra thdch thiic ddi vdi an ninh, hpp tdc hien hiiu. Nhiing van dg xa hdi, su phdn hda giau
va phdt ttien ciia Ddng Nam A, ttong do Viet n^eo, tac ddng eiia bidn ddi khi hdu va nudc biln
Nam se chiu tde dpng nhieu ciia qua trinh tten. ddng ngdy cang ndng ng, dign bien phiic tap.
Nguy CO thda hiep giiia cdc nudc ldn cd the gay Theo Tdng cyc thdng kg, mdc tSng trudng
phuang hai ddn an ninh, ddc lap, chii quyen eiia GDP nua dau nam 2020 cua Viet Nam chi dat
LfLUAN CHfNH TRI-SolO/2020


m
1,81% so vdi cung ky nim trudc,ttongdo quy II
hi thdng qua ede ke hoaeh phat trien kinh te tdng Uirdng 0,36%, day Id mue thdp nhdt kg tii xa hdi chimg vd dai ban 5 nam 2021 - 2025 va
ndm 1991 dgn nay Digu ndy dupetiiiranhdn la 10 ndm vdi tam nhm den nam 2030,2045. Digu
thach thiic cho muetieutang tnrdng ea nam la ^ se ddn dpittong5,10 hay 25 ndm tdi la dieu
6,8%. Dg thuc hign muc tieu tang trudng khd doan dinh. Khi soan thao chign luge 2001 6,8%/ndm 2020, hai quy cudi ndm phdi tdng 2010, chua ai nghi den cudc khung hodng ttam
trudng tten 10%/ndm, day la dilu rdt khd ttong trgng bung phat nam 2008. Khi xay dung kg
bdi canh tdc ddng ciia dich bdnh COVID-19, didn hogeh 10 ndm 2011 - 2020, thudng khdng ai
bign phiie tap cua tinh hinh thg gidi vd khu vyc. hinh dung ndi dai dich COVID toan cau biing
Tai Hdi nghi giiia Thu tudng chinh phu vdi phat vao nam ehdt, do vdy nhigu chi tieu tdng
doanh nghiep, ngdy 9-5-2020, Thii tudng khdng trudng GDP binh qudn hdng ndm cua chign
dinh "Gidia luc Id xobi nen lai sdn sdng dd bung lupc 10 nam cd thg se khdng dat dugc nhu

ra, can tdp trung hon niia dd khdi ddng nin kuih mong mudn. Do vgy phai tdng cudng cdng tdc
tg, phdn ddu tang trudng GDP ndm 2020 tren nghien ciiu du bao.
Thiitu, ehiittpnghon niia tdt cd cdc Unh vuc
5%, khdng tiidp nhu IMF du bdo chi 2,7%.
Doanh nghiep Viet Nam can ddng gdp vao phdt bdo ve siic khde eon ngudi nhu edng nghe sinh
triln, kinh tg sau dich phai la hinh chti V, chii hpc, dich tl, y te du phdng, nghien ciiu san xudt
khdng phdi chti U, eang khdng phai chii W". du trii cac logi vdc xm.
Thiinam, hudng tdi xaydungnen kinh tidgc
Chinh phii nhdn manh ve trung va dai han, can
day nhanh qua trinh co eau lai ngn kinh te, sdp lap tu chu trong bdi ednh toan cau hda va hdi
xgp, td chiic lgi vd phyc hdi, day manh cdc boat nhdp qude tg. Theo hudng nay, can tdng cudng
ddng sdn xuat kinh doanh, bii ddp, giam thieu ndi luc ddt nude yeu cau chuttgngthittudngndi
dia, phdt trien cdngn^ep phuttp,da dgng hda,
cdc thidt hai"^'.
Dg thuc hidn mue tieu ndy, trong digu kidn da phuang hda thi trudng vao chuoi cung iing
hinh thudng mdi dupe xdc lap vira phdng chdng qudc tg.
dich, vua phye hdi phdt trign kinh td - xd hdi cdc Can tgn dyng ca hdi mdi ddi vdi nude ta Id xu
hudng chuygn dich eac co sdsan xuat sangDdng
gidi phdp cdn Id:
Thu nhit, edn qudn triet myc tiduphit triin Nam A, chuan hi cdc dieu kien can thiet nhdt la
nhanh vi bin vung, tdng tnrdng toan dien, can ha tang, ngudn nhan Iuc, mat bdng, nhatli thi
ddm bdo an ninh luong thuc, an ninh ndng chide chii ddng ddn ddu ddng chuygn dich vdn
dau tu nudc ngoai, ddc biet la cdc tap doan da
Iugng, an nmh mdi trudng, an ninh xd hgi.
Thuhai, van dyng thanh qua cudc Cdch mang qudc gia gdn vdi chudi gid tri va chuyin giao
cdng nghiep 4.0,tieptue ddi mdi md hinh tdng edng nghetientien0
trudng, thue hien chuygn ddi kinh te sd dg tao ra
ludt choi mdi va yeu edu cdc doanh nghiep phai
cd ddi mdi sdng tao, thieh ling nhanh neu khdng
(1). (2) Theo bao The gidi va Viet Nam sd 28, ngdy 9

mudn bi bd lgi phia sau.
Thu ba, tang cudng cdng tdc nghien ciiu dy -15-7-2020, tt.5.
bdo. Hien nay nude ta dang xdy dung va ehuan (3) Bdo Nhan Dan di$n tu, ngay 11-5-2020.
LfLUAN CHfNH TRh So 10/2020