Jensens survey of the old testament adam 327
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1. Compare New Testament history with
these four descriptions of Old Testament
history: foreshadow, promise, problem,
commencement.
2. What is meant by “the four hundred
silent years”?
3. Compare Judaism of 400 B.C. with
Judaism of Jesus’ time, concerning
vernacular, places of worship, and religious
groups.
4. What were the three geographical
centers of Judaism during the silent
centuries?
5. When did the Sadducees and Pharisees
originate?
6. Name the six periods of Jewish history
during the silent years. Which was the
Period of Independence? What was the
political state of Palestine when Jesus was
born?
7. What did the Greek Septuagint version
contribute to Christianity’s rst century? To
what extent did Jesus and the apostles use
that version?
8. What were the contributions of the
Roman background to the early Christian
church and the New Testament?
II. POLITICAL SETTING
Because the New Testament writings have
a historical setting, it is natural that they
include references to secular rulers of the
Bible lands, rulers who were governing the
people at that time. This is the political
setting of the New Testament.
The gospels and Acts contain most of the
New Testament’s references to the secular
rulers. The average Bible student has
di culty identifying and associating the
references, because of confusion over
di erent kinds of rulers. (There were kings,
governors, procurators, emperors.) The
purpose of this section of study is to
distinguish between the di erent titles of
rulers, identify the lands of their rule, and
learn the names of the rulers who appear in
the Bible account.
A. THE LANDS
All the action of the New Testament takes
place in lands of the Roman Empire. That
was the “world” of such references as Acts
17:6. The territorial scope of Roman
supremacy is shown on Map D, The Roman
Empire.22 Observe the boundaries of the
Empire when Jesus was born (5 B.C.). The
capitol of the Empire was Rome, Italy. (See
Map E, page 64, for its location.) Where on
Map D is Palestine located (not identi ed by
name)? Compare its size with other lands,
such as Egypt. (See Map L, page 207.)
