Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 4639 4639
Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (130.01 KB, 1 trang )
In healthy people, respiration is maintained via a complex mechanism involving
the alveolocapillary network, the diaphragm and intercostal musculature, and the
central respiratory centers in the brainstem. Respiratory compromise results when
one or more components of this mechanism are affected by disease. Chronic
respiratory support may be a part of the management plan for children with
diverse disease processes, including neurologic and neuromuscular disorders,
central hypoventilation syndromes, obstructive apnea, congenital facial and
airway anomalies, and others. Processes such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia
once accounted for the majority of CRI; however, recent epidemiologic studies
have demonstrated a shift in the proportion of CRI from chronic lung disease to
neurologic and neuromuscular disorders.
Equipment
The complexity of the many tubes and attachments extending from the patient’s
airway can be overwhelming, especially in the emergent situation. Familiarity
with the equipment used in caring for a patient with a tracheostomy ensures the
emergency physician’s adept management of these situations. Starting from the
patient’s neck, each piece of equipment can be easily identified ( Fig. 135.1 ).
FIGURE 135.1 Tracheostomy parts.
