Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 4534 4534
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TABLE 132.1
CHARACTERISTICS OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGIC ATTACKS
Chemical weapons attack
(differences in comparison to
“routine” hazardous materials
incidents)
Biologic weapons attack (differences
in comparison to natural infectious
disease epidemics)
Intent to cause mass casualties
Intent to cause mass casualties
More toxic substances
More virulent agents
Initial substance identification delayed Rare, nonendemic diseases, delayed
diagnosis
Greater risk to EMS first responders
Greater risk to physicians and other
first receivers
Overwhelming numbers of patients
Overwhelming numbers of patients
Many “worried well”
Many “worried well”
Mass hysteria, panic
Mass hysteria, panic
Discovery of chemical dispersal device Discovery of biologic agent dispersal
device
Time frame may or may not be
More compressed time frame of
compressed
outbreak
High attack rates near release site
Very high infection rates, morbidity,
mortality
Dead and dying animals
More respiratory forms of disease than
in natural forms
Multiple epidemics at once
Reduced rate of infection in sheltered
persons
Infected, dying animals
EMS, emergency medical services.
Adapted from Henretig FM, Cieslak TJ, Eitzen EM Jr. Biological and chemical terrorism. J Pediatr
2002;141:311–326. Copyright © 2002 Elsevier. With permission.
