Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 3571 3571
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With neck extension, the larynx, trachea, and esophagus are exposed to direct
trauma and a blunt force may crush these structures against the posterior spinal
column. A tracheal tear or rupture may occur from a sudden increase in
intratracheal pressure against a closed glottis, direct blunt trauma, crush, or
acceleration/deceleration injury. Shearing forces can cause edema, submucosal
hematoma, laceration, perforation, vocal cord injury, and, less commonly, partial
or complete airway transection. A prime target for airway fracture is the cricoid
ring, which is the only complete tracheal ring.
