Andersons pediatric cardiology 2332
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inFontancirculation,1327–1328
perinatalmanagementof,138
pharmacotherapyfor,138–140
treatmentresultsfor,140–141,141f
Atrialtachycardia
focal,357
multifocal,349,349f
Atrioventricularblock(AV),337–338
2:1,338
complete,congenital,338–340,338b,339f–340f
first-degree,337
post-operative,340
second-degree
advanced,338,338f
MobitztypeI,337–338,337f
MobitztypeII,337–338,337f
third-degree,338
Atrioventricularcanal,embryologyof,40,40f,46
Atrioventricularcanaldefect(AVCD),1414
Atrioventricularconductiontissuesinatrioventricularseptaldefects,530,531f
Atrioventricularjunctions,9,9f–10f
biventricular,10,11f–12f
inisomericatrialappendages,448f
common,inisomericatrialappendages,442f–443f
echocardiographyanalysisof,296
embryologyof,37,38f
univentricular,inisomericatrialappendages,448
Atrioventricularmuscularsandwich,20–21
Atrioventricularnode
anatomyof,29f,31,31f
tumorsof,975
Atrioventricularreentranttachycardia(AVRT),137,342,345
Atrioventricularseptaldefects,521–554
anatomyof,521–533
angiocardiographyin,543,544f
atrioventricularconductiontissuesand,530,531f
atrioventricularjunctionmorphologyand,521–531,522f–524f
cardiaccatheterizationin,543
categoriesof,527–530
chestradiographyin,535
clinicalfindingsin,535
common,525,526f
dominanceofchambersand,530
Dopplerimagingin,542,542f
inDownsyndrome,521,543
surgicaltreatmentof,554
echocardiographyin,536–542,536f–537f
ofcommonvalvarorifice,540–541,540f–541f
separatevalvarorificeson,537–540,538f–540f
ofvariantswithseparatevalvesoracommonvalvarorifice,541–542,541f–542f
Eisenmengersyndromeand,534–535
electrocardiographyin,535–536,536f
etiologyof,521
leftatrioventricularvalveabnormalitiesand,528
leftventricularoutflowtractand,529–530
lesionsrelatedto,530–531
magneticresonanceimagingin,543,543f
malformationsassociatedwith,530
medicaltreatmentof,544
morphogenesisof,531–533,532f–533f
morphologyof,523–527,524f–526f,528f
naturalhistoryof,543–544
pathophysiologyof,533–534
atrialshuntingand,533
pressureloadingand,534
ventricularshuntingand,533
ventriculoatrialshuntingand,534
volumeloadingand,534
presentationandsymptomsof,534–535
prevalenceof,521
Rastelliclassificationof,528–529,529f
shuntingacross,potentialfor,527–528,528f
surgicaltreatmentof,544–552
associationwithtetralogyofFallotand,553
avoidanceofconductiontissuesand,549–551,550f
closureofseptaldefectand,545–549,545f–549f,548t
inDownsyndrome,554
fordualorificesinleftatrioventricularvalve,553
indicationsfor,544–545
intraoperativeechocardiographyand,553
objectivesof,545
postoperativemanagementand,553
repairofleftatrioventricularvalveand,551–552,551f–552f
resultsof,553–554
three-dimensionalechocardiographyin,309,310f,542,543f
unbalanced,inuniventricularhearts,1256–1257
valvarleafletarrangementrelativetoatrioventricularorificesand,525f–526f,527,528f
Atrioventricularvalvaratresia,inuniventricularhearts,1250–1253,1251f–1252f
Atrioventricularvalves
anatomyof,26–27,27f
arrangementof,10f,12–13,12f
atresiaof,9,10f
echocardiographicquantificationandidentificationofpatternsofflowin,304,304f
formationof,inearlymyocardialdevelopment,61
left,abnormalitiesof,528
pulse-waveDopplerof,131,132f
univentricular,11,11f
valvarleafletarrangementrelativetoatrioventricularoutletand,527–528,528f
Atrium
anatomyof,withisomericatrialappendages,442–443,442f–444f
left,anatomyof,21–22,21f–22f
right
anatomyof,18–21,20f–21f
directconnectionofpulmonaryveinsto,478,478f
dividedmorphologically,519–520,520f
Attenuation,ofultrasoundwave,281–282
Atypicaldisease,980–981
