Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 2952 2952
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Clinical entity Symptoms and
signs
Investigations
Myocardial
fibrosis
Exertional dyspnea, Chest radiograph
orthopnea, angina
EKG
pectoris
Echocardiogram
Distant heart
Gated nuclearsounds, gallop
ventricular scans
rhythm,
arrhythmias
Pulmonary
Cough, dyspnea
Chest radiograph,
interstitial
Dry crackles
EKG
fibrosis
Pulmonary function
Cor pulmonale
tests, including
CO diffusion
High-resolution CT,
bronchoalveolar
lavage
Lung biopsy
Pulmonary
Acute dyspnea
Chest radiograph
hypertension Increased P2 and
EKG
Echocardiogram
widely split S2
Right-sided heart
catheterization
Lung biopsy
Scleroderma
Severe headache,
Electrolytes, BUN
renal crisis
blurred vision,
Creatinine
congestive heart Plasma renin activity
failure, seizures
Malignant
hypertension,
retinopathy
Impending
gangrene
Pain, loss of
Cryoglobulins
sensation in distal Doppler flow studies
digits
Trophic changes
Treatments
Digoxin
Diuretics
Antiarrhythmics
Corticosteroids
Oxygen,
bronchodilators
Treatment of rightsided heart failure
Corticosteroids
Calcium-channel
blockers
ACE inhibitors
Direct PA installation
of vasodilators
Captopril and other
ACE inhibitors
Minoxidil and other
vasodilators, βblockers
Diuretics, dialysis; in
refractory cases,
nephrectomy
Topical vasodilators
Sympathetic
ganglionic blockade
(digital, regional),
prostaglandin E1
infusion
