Andersons pediatric cardiology 1291
Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (142.78 KB, 3 trang )
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
1974
1975
1980
1983
1985
1985
1987
1987
1989
1990
1991
1997
1997
1998
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
1999
1999
2002
2003
2004
2004
2005
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2009
2009
2009
2011
2011
2011
2012
2012
2013
2013
2015
2016
2017
2015
Moes
Lawrence
Hirano
Diaz-Gongora
Cabrera
Culham
Gerlis
Herrera
Gerlis
Geva
Gibbin
Einzig
Donti
Marinho-daSilva
Wanga
Lambert
McMahon
Yang
Suda
Parmara
Park
Baranowska
Johnston
Lee
Khan
Kirsch
Bernheimer
Santoro
Kligerman
Akhfash
Linhares
Khajali
Camarda
Tehrai
Furtado
Murugan
Warrier
Schicchi
Naimo
Tretter
Nicholsona
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
Double-barreledaortawithpatentarterialduct
Double-barreledaortawithpatentarterialduct
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaortawithpatentarterialduct
Double-barreledaortawithpatentarterialductandcoarctation
Double-barreledaortawithcoarctation
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaortawithcoarctation
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaorta
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
Double-barreledaorta(right)andleftpulmonaryarteryfromaorta
Double-barreledaortawithpatentarterialductandcoarctation
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaortawithcoarctation
Double-barreledaorta(left)andleftpulmonaryarteryfromaorta
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaortawithpatentarterialduct
Double-barreledaorticarch
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaortawithcoarctationandpatentarterialduct
Double-barreledaortawithpatentarterialduct
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaortawithcoarctation
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaortawithcoarctation
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaortawithcoarctation
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaortawithpatentarterialduct
Double-barreledaortawithcoarctation
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaorta
Double-barreledaorta(left)andleftpulmonaryarteryfromaorta
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
aCasesthatweinterpretasrequiringdualorbilateralfiftharcharteriestoexplaintheanatomy.
FIG.48.7 Echocardiographicimageobtainedfromapatientwitha
double-barreledaortashowingthattheoriginofthelowerchannelis
oppositeordistaltothetake-offofthepersistentlypatentarterialduct
(Video48.1).Thismakesaninterpretationonthebasisofpersistenceofa
collateralchanneljustaslikelyifnotmoresothanthealternative
explanationofpersistenceofthearteryofthefifthpharyngealarch.
Aortic-to-PulmonaryArterialCommunications
(Table48.2)
Aortic-to-PulmonaryArterialConfluence
Whenassessingtheallegedfindingsoffiftharcharteriesindevelopinghuman
embryos,Congdonstatedthat“ifitisestablishedthatthesevesselsaretruefifth
arches,theirusualterminationwouldindicatestronglythattheupperendofthe
pulmonaryarchisthehomologueofthedistalportionofthefifth.”2Wetakethis
statementtoindicatethatifitisafiftharcharterythatfeedsthepulmonary
arteries,itmustincorporatewithinthechannelthedorsalcomponentofoneof
thearteriesofthesixtharch.Thisinclusionofthepatentarterialductaspartof
thechannelmayexplaintheresponsetoprostaglandinE1infusioninsome
cases.Itisdifficulttoaccountfortheseabnormalconnectionsonthebasisofour
currentunderstandingofthedevelopmentofpharyngealarcharterieswithout
invokingthepresenceofafiftharcharteryor,alternatively,acollateral
channel.3,7–12Ineitherevent,toqualifyasfiftharcharteries,thechannelsmust
incorporatepartoftheoriginalsixtharcharteriestofeedthepulmonary
confluence,andhencetakeaserpentinecourse.Thusterminationatthe
confluenceofthepulmonaryarteriesprovidesthestrongestsupportforinclusion
ofthefiftharchartery.Thechannelsmusthaveanunequivocaloriginfromthe
ascendingaortaproximaltothebrachiocephalicarteryratherthanthetransverse
segmentoftheaorticarch.Extensiveremodelingofthearterialduct,
nonetheless,canalsoprovideanequallyappropriateexplanationinsomeofthe
reportedcases.68,70
Table48.2
AlltheCasesPublishedintheWorldLiteratureThatHave
ImplicatedPersistenceofArteryoftheFifthArchProducingVarious
FormsofAortic-to-PulmonaryArterialConnections
Sl
No.
1
2
3
4
Year Author
Case
AnatomyofthePutativeFifthArch
Reference
1974
1987
1987
1989
1of8cases
1
2
3
Aortatopulmonaryarteryconfluence
Aortatopulmonaryartery
Aortatorightpulmonaryartery
AortatopulmonaryarteryconfluencemimickingdistalAP
window
Aortatopulmonaryarteryconfluence
AortatopulmonaryarteryconfluencemimickingdistalAP
window
Double-barreledaorta(right)andleftpulmonaryartery
fromaorta
AortatopulmonaryarteryconfluencemimickingdistalAP
window
AortatopulmonaryarteryconfluencemimickingdistalAP
window
AortatopulmonaryarteryconfluencemimickingdistalAP
window
AortatopulmonaryarteryconfluencemimicsdistalAP
window
Double-barreledaorta(left)andleftpulmonaryarteryfrom
aorta
AortatopulmonaryarteryconfluencemimickingdistalAP
window
AortatopulmonaryarteryconfluencemimickingdistalAP
window
Aorta(lateralaspect)topulmonaryarteryconfluence
Leftpulmonaryarteryfromaorta
56
57
21
23
Macartney
Freedom
Gerlis
Gerlis
5
6
1993 Yoo
1995 Wu
1
1
7
1999 Wanga
1
8
1999 Lee
1
9
2000 Chiu
1
10
2000 Chiu
2
11
2003 Hwang
1
12
2004 Parmara
1
13
2006 Khan
2
14
2006 Khan
3
15
16
2007 Lee
2007 Koch
1
1
58
59
29
38
60
60
61
34
39
39
62
63
