Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 1391 1391
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Respiratory system
Upper airway obstruction
Nasopharynx (craniofacial anomalies, choanal atresia, nasal congestion,
adenotonsillar hypertrophy, foreign body, trauma, mass)
Oropharynx (macroglossia, micrognathia, midface hypoplasia, tonsillitis,
peritonsillar abscess, Ludwig angina, trauma)
Larynx (epiglottitis, laryngomalacia, hemangioma, papilloma, webs, cysts,
laryngoceles, laryngotracheal cleft, subglottic stenosis, croup,
retropharyngeal abscess, tracheitis, anaphylaxis, angioneurotic edema,
trauma, thermal or chemical burn, foreign body, vocal cord paralysis,
laryngospasm, hypocalcemic tetany, mass)
Trachea (tracheomalacia, stenosis, tracheoesophageal fistula, foreign body,
mass)
Bronchi (bronchomalacia, stenosis, bronchogenic cyst, bronchitis, foreign
body)
Lower airway obstruction/acinar/interstitial disease
Bronchioles (asthma, bronchiolitis, allergy, angioneurotic edema,
bronchiectasis)
Acini/interstitium
Disorders of lung maturity (transient tachypnea of newborn, respiratory
distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, persistent fetal
circulation)
Congenital malformation (congenital emphysema, cystic adenomatoid
malformation, sequestration, pulmonary agenesis/aplasia/hypoplasia,
pulmonary cyst)
Aspiration (meconium, foreign body, near drowning, gastroesophageal
reflux, vomiting)
Infection (pneumonia; bacterial, atypical bacteria, viral, chlamydial,
pertussis, fungal, pneumocystis)
Pulmonary collapse (atelectasis), fluid (consolidation, edema, hemorrhage),
mass
Environmental/trauma (high-altitude pulmonary edema, thermal or chemical
burn, smoke, carbon monoxide, biologic and chemical agents,
hydrocarbon, drug-induced pulmonary fibrosis, bronchopulmonary
traumatic disruption, pulmonary contusion)
Central nervous system
