Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 1979 1979
Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (128.28 KB, 1 trang )
TABLE 90.12
INTENSE RADIATION SOURCES
Type of source
Examples
Likely injuries
Sealed
Industrial radiography
Contamination unlikely
Brachytherapy
Local radiation injury with
small source
Some radiation therapy
machines
Industrial sterilizers
Whole-body exposure with
large source
Unsealed
Medical radionuclides (e.g., External and internal
131 I, 32 P)
contamination likely
Accidental release by a
reactor
Radium dial painters
Radiation devices
Cyclotron
Linear accelerator
Uncontrolled
fission
Fluoroscopy unit
Nuclear reactor
Uranium enrichment
Local radiation injury likely
Large whole-body doses
likely
On- and off-site
contamination possible
for nuclear reactors
Weapons production
The acute radiation syndrome consists of three distinct phases ( Table 90.14 ):
prodromal, latent, and manifest illness. The prodromal phase begins minutes to
hours after the radiation exposure, lasts for 2 to 3 days, and common symptoms
are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, and/or headache. The prodromal phase is
followed by the latent phase, in which the patient is relatively asymptomatic and
generally lasts days or weeks after the exposure. The manifest illness phase poses
the greatest risk for infection and bleeding due to bone marrow suppression and
GI epithelial damage. As the radiation dose increases, the duration of the
prodromal phase increases and the length of the latent phase decreases.
