Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 1421 1421
Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (129.09 KB, 1 trang )
Marker to patient’s
head
Cardiac
Pericardial
effusion
a For
Low-frequency
Anechoic fluid in Pericardiocentesis
probe
the pericardial
space between
Subxiphoid,
the pericardium
marker to
and
patient’s right
myocardium,
Parasternal long,
tracks anterior to
marker to
descending aorta
patient’s left hip
in parasternal
long view
details, see Chapter 131 Ultrasound .
SUMMARY
Respiratory distress is one of the most common chief complaints of children
seeking medical care. History and physical examination provides important clues
that allow rapid localization of the site of impairment. The underlying cause must
be identified and may be within the respiratory system or organ systems that
control or impact respiration. Any disorder that causes respiratory distress may be
life threatening. Airway and ventilatory problems not only must be recognized
but also must be anticipated and addressed aggressively. The underlying cause
must also be treated. Patients must be monitored continuously and reassessed
frequently. Airway, breathing, and circulation must be established and
maintained. Diagnostic evaluation of body fluids, radiologic studies, direct
visualization, and specialized tests of organ function must be performed prudently
so that respiratory status is not further compromised.
Suggested Readings and Key References
Cherry JD. Clinical practice. Croup. N Engl J Med 2008;358(4):384–391.
de Caen AR, Berg MD, Chameides L, et al. Part 12: Pediatric advanced life
support: 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines Update for
cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation
2015;132(18 Suppl 2):S526–S542.
Gadomski AM, Permutt T, Stanton B. Correcting respiratory rate for the presence
of fever. J Clin Epidemiol 1994;47(9):1043–1049.
