Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 0537 0537
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and schistocytes. The urinalysis shows hematuria (dipstick detection of free
hemoglobin) and proteinuria. In patients with suspected pseudomembranous
colitis, stool toxin analysis provides the mainstay of diagnosis. Polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) has been shown to have higher sensitivities for toxin A and B than
enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Testing for fecal leukocytes is neither sensitive nor
specific for inflammatory diarrhea; fecal lactoferrin is a more sensitive marker
but not specific for detection of particular pathogens. When selected bacterial or
parasitic pathogens are strongly suspected, appropriate microbiologic studies
should be collected. If a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay, is collected,
the results should be interpreted in the context the clinical picture as these panels
detect DNA and not viable organism.
