Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 0569 0569
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Local predisposing factors
Trauma, direct and picking
Nonaccidental in the preambulatory child
Local inflammation:
Acute viral upper respiratory tract infection (common cold)
Acute infectious illnesses accompanied by nasal congestion: measles,
infectious mononucleosis, acute rheumatic fever
Bacterial rhinitis/sinusitis (Staphylococcal aureus )
Allergic rhinitis
Rhinitis sicca
Foreign body
Nasal polyps (cystic fibrosis, allergic, generalized)
Staphylococcal furuncle
Drugs: Nasal corticosteroids
Vascular malformations (telangiectasias as in Osler–Weber–Rendu disease,
hemangiomas)
Juvenile angiofibroma a
Other tumors, granulomatosis, ectopic nasal tooth (rare) a
Systemic predisposing factors
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Congenital syphilis
Hematologic disorders a
1. Platelet disorders
Quantitative: idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, leukemia, aplastic
anemia
Qualitative: von Willebrand disease, Glanzmann disease, uremia
2. Hemophilias
3. Clotting disorders associated with severe hepatic disease, disseminated
intravascular coagulation (DIC), vitamin K deficiency
Drugs: aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), warfarin,
valproic acid, rodenticide
Vicarious menstruation
Hypertension a
