Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 0614 0614
Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (142.99 KB, 1 trang )
TABLE 29.4
CAUSES OF ACQUIRED HORNER SYNDROME IN CHILDREN a
First-order neuron
Brainstem glioma or other tumor
Brainstem vascular insult (aneurysm, infarct)
Spinal cord tumor
Syringomyelia
Poliomyelitis
Head or spinal trauma
Postsurgical
Second-order neuron
Intrathoracic tumor (neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma, metastatic)
Intrathoracic aneurysm
Cervical tumor or adenitis
Trauma (especially brachial plexus trauma)
Postsurgical
Third-order neuron
Internal carotid thrombosis or aneurysm
Internal carotid or head trauma
Otitis media
Nasopharyngeal malignancy
Cavernous sinus thrombosis, tumor, or inflammation
Postsurgical
a Not
listed in order of frequency.
Topical parasympatholytics and sympathomimetics can also cause mydriasis.
Most of these eye drops are supplied in bottles that have red caps. Systemic
medications from the same classes (e.g., phenylephrine, atropine, scopolamine)
can cause bilateral pupillary dilation. Inhaled medications (e.g., ipratropium) can
also cause transient mydriasis, often presenting unilaterally. Also certain plants
with anticholinergic properties (e.g., jimson weed) have been reported to cause
isolated mydriasis.
