CHUYÊN ĐỀ CÂU TRỰC TIẾP - GIÁN TIẾP
Tự luận
Thi trắc nghiệm
2 loại bài chuyển câu trực tiếp
Chuyển 1 loại câu – cùng 1 động từ tường thuật ( Chuyển S, thì, O, thời gian, địa điểm)
S + said/ told/ asked/ wanted to know, wondered ……
Chuyển cấu trúc— động từ tường thuật khác nhau TO V/ VING
S+ suggested/ invited ……
B1: nhận biết câu cần chuyển
1 Câu tường thuật ở dạng câu kể
Công thức: S + say(s)/said + (that) + S + V

2

Câu hỏi YES-NO
Công thức: S + asked/wanted to know/wondered if/whether + S + V(thi)
3 Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi
Cơng thức: S + asked (+O)/wanted to know/wondered + Wh-words/how + S + V
Nếu rơi 1,2,3 áp dụng ct (nhớ chuyển S, O, V(thì), thời gian, địa điểm)
4 Nếu V chuyển TO/ VING
Phải xét tình huống To Vo/ Ving(học thuộc)
B2: Gạch chân các phần cần chuyển dần từ trái qua phải

1. Nam said “I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock”
2. She said to him, “Where do you live?”
3. “Are there some oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom
4.

Mary said to John, “Open the box for me please”

A. LÍ THUYẾT

Câu tường thuật là loại câu thuật lại lời nói của người khác dưới dạng gián tiếp.

I. Một số thay đổi cơ bản khi tường thuật
Khi chuyển từ câu nói trực tiếp sang câu nói gián tiếp có những thay đổi sau:

1. Các đại từ
Nam said “I am…”
Lan said “I am …”
Lan said to me “you can go out ”
Các đại từ
Subject pronouns

Object pronouns

Possessive
adjectives

Possessive
pronouns

Demonstratives

2. Trạng từ chỉ thời gian

Trực tiếp

Gián tiếp

I


He / she

You

I/ We/ They

We

We/ They

Me

him/ her

You

me/ us/ them

Us

us/ them

My

his/ her

your

my/ our/ their


Our

our/ their

mine

his/ hers

yours

mine/ ours/ theirs

Ours

ours/ theirs

This

that

these

those


Trực tiếp

Gián tiếp

Today


that day

Tonight

that night

Tomorrow

the next day/ the following day

Tomorrow morning

the next morning

Yesterday

the day before/ the previous day

Ago

Before

Now

Then

Next (Tuesday)

the next/ following Tuesday


Last (Tuesday)

the previous Tuesday/ the Tuesday before

The day after tomorrow

in two days' time/ two days later

The day before yesterday

two days before

Here

There


3. Thì của động từ
--QK-----------------HT ---------------------TL
Tất cả thì ht, tl đều lùi về qk của nó
Htd- qkđ
tlđơn (will + Vo)
Httd- qktd
tltd (will be Ving)
Htht- qkht
tlht (will + have + vpii)
Hthttd- qkhttd
tlhttd( will have been Ving)


chuyển will ---would

Qkđ-----qkht
Qktd----qkhttd
Qkht khơng đổi thì
Qkhttd khơng đổi thì

Tên thì
Động
thiếu

từ

Trực tiếp
khuyết

Gián tiếp

Can
He said: "I can’t come on time."

Could
He said (that) he couldn't come on time.

- Must/have to (sự bắt buộc)

- Had to

She said: "I must take care of my little
brother."


She said (that) she had to take care of
her little brother.

- Must (sự suy diễn)

- Must

He said: "You must be tired now."

He said (that) I must be tired then.

- Must (đưa ra lời khuyên)

- Must

My father said: "This exam is very important. You
must prepare for it well."

My father said (that) that exam was very
important and I must prepare for
it well.

- Mustn't (sự cấm đoán)

- Mustn't

She said: "You mustn't make noise here."

She said (that) I mustn't make noise there.


May

Might

My
teacher
said:
dictionaries for this test."

"You

may

use

My teacher said (that) we might use dictionaries
for that test.

Need

Needed/had to

He said: "I need do it now."

He said (that) he needed/had to do it then.

- Needn't (dùng ờ hiện tại)

- Needn't/didn't have to


She said: "We needn't set off early."

She said (that) they needn't/didn't have
to set off early.

- Needn't (dùng ở tương lai)

- Wouldn't have to

He said:
tomorrow."

"You

needn't

II. Không thay đổi thì động từ
1. Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Ví dụ:
Said
He says: "I have just finished my work."
 He says (that) he has just finished his work.

come

here

He said (that) I wouldn't have to come here the
next day.



2. Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ, cũng khơng có thay đổi thì động từ trong những trường hợp sau
a. Tường thuật một sự thật hiển nhiên, một chân lí
Ví dụ:
The little boy said: "Mother's mother is grandmother."
 The little boy said mother's mother is grandmother.
b. Khi động từ trong câu trực tiếp có các thì: q khứ tiếp diễn kết hợp với quá khứ đơn, quá khứ đơn với quá khứ hoàn
thành, quá khứ đơn (đi kèm thời gian cụ thể)
Ví dụ:
He said: "I was doing my homework when my mother came in.

2.

c. Khi động từ trong câu trực tiếp có: used to, should, would, could, might, ought to, had better, would rather
Ví dụ:
Peter said: "We used to go fishing in the afternoon."
 Peter said (that) they used to go fishing in the afternoon.
d. Khi tường thuật mệnh đề ước muốn với “wish” và “if only” Ví dụ:
He said: "I wish I were taller."
 He said (that) he wished he were taller.
e. Câu điều kiện loại 2, 3
Ví dụ:
He said: "If I were you, I would apologize to Linda."
 He said (that) if he were me, he would apologize to Linda.
f. Cấu trúc: "It's (high/about) time..."
Ví dụ:
My mother said: "It is high time you washed the dishes."
 My mother said (that) it was high time I washed the dishes.
III. Các loại câu tường thuật

1. Câu tường thuật ở dạng câu kể
Công thức: S + say(s)/said + (that) + S + V Lưu ý:
say(s) /said to sb  tell(s)/told sb Ví dụ:
He said to me: "You are my best friend."
 He told me (that) I was his best friend.
Câu tường thuật ở dạng câu hỏi
a. Câu hỏi YES-NO
Công thức: S + asked/wanted to know/wondered if/whether + S + V
Ví dụ:
"Did you go with your mother yesterday?" asked he.
 He asked me if/whether I had gone with my mother the day before.
b. Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi
Cơng thức: S + asked (+O)/wanted to know/wondered + Wh-words/how + S + V
Ví dụ:
The teacher asked: "Why didn't you go to class last Friday?"
The teacher asked me why I hadn't gone to class the Friday before.

3. Câu tường thuật với động từ theo sau bằng động từ nguyên thể
- tell/ask sb + to V: bảo/yêu cầu ai làm gì
- advise sb + to V: khuyên ai làm gì
- promise + to V: hứa làm gì
- threaten + to V: đe doạ làm gì
- warn + sb + not to V: cảnh báo khơng nên làm gì
- invite sb + to V: mời ai làm gì
- remind + sb + to V: nhắc nhở ai làm gì
- encourage sb + to V: khuyến khích ai làm gì
- offer + to V: đề nghị làm gì
- agree + to V: đồng ý làm gì
- order Sbd (not)to VO: ra lệnh
4. Câu tường thuật với động từ theo sau bằng danh động từ

- accuse sb of + V-ing: buộc tội ai vì làm gì
- admit + V-ing: thừa nhận làm gì
- deny + V-ing: phủ nhận làm gì
- apologize (to sb) for + V-ing: xin lỗi ai vì làm gì
- blame sb for + V-ing: đổ lỗi cho ai vì làm gì
- complain (to sb) about + V-ing: phàn nàn về điều gì


- confess to V-ing: thú nhận làm gì
- congratulate sb on + V-ing: chúc mừng vì làm gì
- criticize sb for V-ing: chỉ trích vì làm gì
- insist on + V-ing: khăng khăng làm gì
- object to + V-ing: phản đối làm gì
- suggest + V-ing: gợi ý/đề nghị làm gì
- thank sb for + V-ing: cảm ơn ai vì làm gì
- warn sb against + V-ing: cảnh báo ai khơng nên làm gì
B. BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
Exercise 1: Chọn phương án đúng
1. The interviewer asked me what experience
for the job.
A. do you get
B. did I get
C. I got
D. you got
2. They asked me whether I was working
A. next day afternoon
B. the afternoon followed
C. the following afternoon
D. tomorrow afternoon
3. "Where have you been hiding?", she asked. She asked me where

hiding.
A. I have been
B. have I been
C. had I be
D. I had been
4. He asked me
home the day before.
A. what time I leave
B. what time I will leave
C. what time I had left
D. what time I left
5. John asked me
in English.
A. what does this word mean
B. what that word means
C. what did this word mean
D. what that word meant
6. She said I
an angel.
A. am
B. was
C. were
D. have been
7. Laura said she had worked on the assignment since
A. yesterday
B. two days ago
C. the day before
D. the next day
8. John asked me
interested in any kind of sports.

A. if I were
B. if were I
C. if was I
D. if I was
9. John asked me
that film the night before.
A. that I saw
B. had I seen
C. if I had
D. if had I seen
10. She asked me
the seat
or not.
A. if / had occupied
B. whether / was occupied
C. if / has been occupied
D. whether / occupied
11. The policeman asked us
A. had any of us seen the accident happen
B. if had any of us seen the accident happen
C. whether any of us had seen the accident happen
D. that if any of us had seen the accident happen
12. I asked him
but he said nothing.
A. what the matter was
B. what was the matter
C. the matter was what
D. what's the matter was
13. James
him up when the bus reached the square.

A. told me wake
B. asked me to wake
C. said me to wake
D. requested me waking
14. I wonder
we'll catch the bus
we'll take a taxi
A. if / and whether
B. whether / or that
C. if / or that
D. whether / or whether
15. Excuse me. Could you tell me
?
A. what time is it
B. what is the time
C. what time it is
D. it is what time
16. We wonder
from his office after that scandal.
A. why did he not resign
B. why he did not resign
C. why he not resign
D. why didn't he resign
17. Jeff wanted to know
.
A. that why were his friends laughing
B. why were his friends laughing
C. why his friends were laughing
D. the reason why his friends laughing
18. Mr Hawk told me that he would give me his answer the

day.
A. previous
B. following
C. before
D. last


19. She
him whether he liked the steak she cooked.
A. asks
B. wondered
C. wanted to know
20. His neighbours sometimes wondered
he did for a living.
A. why
B. when
C. where

D. asked
D. what

Question 1. "I visited Paris with my father last year," Jack said.
Jack said that he had visited Paris with his father the previous year.
Jack said that I had visited Paris with his father last year.
Jack said that he visited Paris with my father the previous year.
Jack said that I would visit Paris with his father last year.
Question 2: He said: “My wife has bought a diamond ring since last year.”
A. He said that his wife had bought a diamond ring since the previous year.
B. He said that my wife had bought a diamond ring since the previous year.
C. He said that his wife has bought a diamond ring since last year.

D. He said that his wife just bought a diamond ring since the previous year.
Question 3: “Would you like to come out to dinner with me tonight, Jenny?” Paul said.
A. Paul suggested that Jenny go out to dinner with him that night.
B. Paul offered Jenny to go out to dinner with him that night.
C. Paul invited Jenny to go out to dinner with him that night.
D. Paul insisted on Jenny going out to dinner with him that night.
Question 4: “I have seen this film four times this year,” Mr. Nam said.
A. Mr. Nam said I had seen that film four times this year.
B. Mr. Nam said I have seen that film four times that year.
C. Mr. Nam said that he had seen that film four times that year.
D. Mr. Nam said that he has seen this film four times that year.
Question 5: “I will fix your bike tomorrow” Paul said to his son.
A. Paul said that he would fix his son’s bike tomorrow.
B. Paul said that he will fix his son’s bike the following day.
C. Paul said that he will fix his son’s bike tomorrow.
D. Paul said that he would fix his son’s bike the following day.
Question 6: Robbins said to Ann, “My father bought me this bike last year”.
A. Robbins told Ann that his father had bought him this bike the following year.
B. Robbins told Ann that his father had bought him that bike the previous year.
C. Robbins told Ann that her father bought her this bike last year.
D. Robbins said Ann that my father bought her that bike the previous year.
Question 7: “You have done your work well today.” the teacher said to me. A. The teacher told me I had done
my work well that day.
B. The teacher told me I had done your work well that day.
C. The teacher told me I had done his work well today.
D. The teacher told me I have done my work well today.
Question 8: “I met many old friends yesterday?” Tom said.
A. Tom said that I would meet many old friends yesterday.
B. Tom said that he met many old friends the day before.
C. Tom said that he had met many old friends the day before.

D. Tom said that I had met many old friends yesterday.
Question 9: “We will be here for five days,” Mark said.
A. Mark said that he would be there for five days.
B. Mark said that he would be here for five days.
C. Mark said that they were there five days ago.
D. Mark said that they would be there for five days.
Question 10: "Let's go for a walk. We've been working all day,” said Joanna.
A. Joanna suggested going for a walk because they had been working all day.
B. Joanna insisted on going for a walk because they had been working all day.
C. Joanna suggested going for a walk because they have been working all day.
D. Joanna insisted to go for a walk because they had been working all day.
Question 11: “What time does the train to New York leave this Saturday, Mary?” Jack asked.
A. Jack asked Mary what time the train to New York leaves this Saturday.
B. Jack asked Mary what time the train to New York left this Saturday.
C. Jack asked Mary what time the train to New York leaves that Saturday.

A.
B.
C.
D.


D. Jack asked Mary what time the train to New York left that Saturday.
Question 12. “You have to get all the letters sent off by tomorrow,” said Jake to his secretary.
A. Jake told his secretary that she had to get all the letters sent off by the next day.
B. Jake said to his secretary that she would get all the letters sent off by the following day.
C. Jake told his secretary that she should send off all the letters by tomorrow.
D. Jake said to his secretary that she had sent off all the letters by the day after.
Question 13: “Stop drinking or you’ll be ill” the doctor told me. A. I was ordered not to drink to
recover from illness.

B. I was warned against drinking a lot of beer to stay healthy.
C. The doctor suggested drinking to treat my illness.
D. The doctor advised me to give up drinking to avoid illness.
Question 14: “For sure, I will take you out this evening,” said Jane’s father to her. A. Jane’s father suggested they be
taken out that evening.
B. Jane’s father reminded her that she would be taken out that evening.
C. Jane’s father advised her to take him out that evening.
D. Jane’s father promised that he would take her out that evening.
Question 15: “You must never play truant again,” said their mother. A. Their mother forbade them from
playing truant again.
B. They are not allowed to play truant ever again by their mother.
C. Their mother commanded that they should not play truant again.
D. Never would their mother allow them to play truant again.
Question 16: “I am going away tomorrow, mom” the son said.
A. The son said that he was going away the next day, mom.
B. The son told his mom that he was going away the next day.
C. The son asked his mom if he was going away tomorrow.
D. The son said to his mom he was going away the next day.
Question 17: "Don't forget to bring an umbrella." John's mother said to him. A. John's mother asked him not to
bring an umbrella.
B. John's mother ordered him to bring an umbrella.
C. John's mother reminded him to bring an umbrella.
D. John's mother encouraged him not to bring an umbrella.
Question 18: "Why don’t you participate in the volunteer work in summer," said Sophie. A. Sophie suggested me to participate in
the volunteer work in summer.
B. Sophie asked me why not participate in the volunteer work in summer.
C. Sophie suggested my participating in the volunteer work in summer.
D. Sophie made me participate in the volunteer work in summer.
Question 19. "I don't think Janet will win this time" said Tony.
A. Tony wondered if Janet would win this time.

B. Tony believed that Janet would win that time.
C. Tony doubted whether Janet would win that time.
D. Tony suggested that Janet should try to win that time.
Question 20. “Congratulations, you've been offered the job,” Mr. Jones said. A. Mr. Jones congratulated me
for my job offer.
B. Mr. Jones wanted me to get the job and congratulated me.
C. Mr. Jones congratulated me on getting the job offer.
D. Mr. Jones said his congratulations because he offered me a job.
Question 21: “Where are you going now?” the police officer said to us. A. The police officer asked us
where we were going now.
B. The police officer asked us where they were going now.
C. The police officer asked us where we were going then.
D. The police officer asked us where we are going then.
Question 22: “I met my old friend yesterday” Jane said.
A. Jane said that she had met her old friend the previous day.
B. Jane said that she has met her old friend the day before.
C. Jane said that she would meet her old friend the following day.
D. Jane said that she met her old friend the day after.
Question 23: "You've broken my CD player, Sam," said Jenny. A. Jenny charged Sam with
having broken her CD player.
B. Jenny blamed Sam for having broken her CD player.
C. Jenny charged Sam with having broken his CD player.


D. Jenny blamed Sam on having broken his CD player.
Question 24: “Why were you absent from the class yesterday?” The teacher said to Andrew. A. The teacher wondered why Andrew
has been absent from the class the day before.
B. The teacher told Andrew why had he been absent from the class the previous day.
C. The teacher wanted to know why Andrew was absent from the class the previous day.
D. The teacher asked Andrew why he had been absent from the class the day before.

Question 25: “I finished my project on global warming yesterday” he said
A. He said that he finished my project on global warming the day before.
B. He said that he had finished his project on global warming yesterday.
C. He said that I would finish his project on global warming yesterday.
D. He said that I had finished his project on global warming yesterday.
Question 26: “You should open up and tell our teacher about your situation” said Maria to Victor. A. Maria advised Victor to open up
and tell their teacher about his situation.
B. Maria forbid Victor to open up and tell their teacher about his situation.
C. Maria forced Victor to open up and tell their teacher about his situation.
D. Maria allowed Victor to open up and tell their teacher about his situation.