Tạp chí khoa học Tự nhiên và Công nghệ: Phân loại trượt lở đất đá và đánh giá nguy cơ trượt lở dọc tuyến đường Hồ Chí Minh đoạn qua địa phận Thừa Thiên Huế (Số 18)
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DAIHQC
GIAHANQI
QUOC
VIETNAM
NATIONAL
HANOI
UNIVERSITY,
- 8612
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NATURAL SCIEN
DArHgcou6c cn HAruOr
TAPcHi KHOAHgc
Tdng Bi€n tfp:
VIETNAMNATIONALUNIVERSITY,HANOI
JOURNALOF SGIENGE
GS.TSKH.Nguy6n Ho)ng Luong
Tap chi Khoa hgc I
Tie
Ph6Tdng Bi€n t$p: PGS.TSKH.Luu Vdn B6i
HQiddng Bi€n tflp
tYienTat
,C,
GS.TSKH.Nguy6n Holng Lucrng(Chittich)
PGS.TSKH.
Luu Vdn BOi
GS.TSKH.Le Ven Cem
GS.TS.Dinh Vin Drlc
PGS.TSKH.
Nguy6nDinh Drtc
GS.TS.
Nguy6nHoa
Trdn
GS.TS.
Nghi
PGS.TS.
Nguy6nH6hg Scm
T6m ttrt'
bi6n tlgPr
nlm 2009
th6gi6i.l
thlng cdn
Bii b6o s
hudngct6
Ti kh6a:
Ban Bi€n tfp Chuy€n san Khoa hgc Tg nhi€n vi C6ng nghQ
r. Dlt vAn tld
PGS.TSKH.
Luu Ven B6i (Trtong ban)
GS.TSKH.Ph4mThi TrAnChAu
GS.TS.Vfl DdngDQ
GS.TSKH.Truong QuangHqc
GS.TSKH.Ng6 Thi Thudn
PGS.TS.
Trinh Nhat Tioh
GS.TS.Vfr Vin Vu
Nem d kl
Thira Thi€n Ht
lqi vd bi6nvdi
dgp, n6i tiiSn
Duong...B€n
phiaNam cta
l,rhihflu nhiQtt
dqng sinh h9
qu6c).H0sin
lodi thuQc41(
phir du, 74 lo
biCrL4 loai co
Tda soqn vA tri sg: 144DudrngXuAn Thrly, CaruGiai He NQi.
D iQntho4i : (84-4) 37547902; F ax:(84-4) 37547583
Website:
GiAy phip xuAt bAn s6'03/GP-BVHTTngAy 0310U2002.
Tar efirien
E-mail:huYa
1 4 . NgOThanh Loan, TrAn Duy Minh, D6nhgi6 rui ro m6i tru(mgcho du lich bi6n
CAnGio,ThhnhphdH6 Chi Minh
VI
u3
i 5 . Nguy6nQuangMinh, PhgmThi Phin,Du Vii ViQtQuffn,Nghi€ncuu tai bi6n
truqtld d6txa PhricS4n,huyQnMai Chdu,tinh HdaBinh
l t9
1 6 . Ph4m Hdng Phong,Ph4m Quang Tu6n, Nghi€ncr?utlic di€m thd nhu0ngvd
dlnhhuongst dpnghqp ly tdi nguy€nddthuygnThachThAt,'IhdnhpnOUa ngi
t2"l
t 7 . Hn Quf Qulnh, Nghi€ncr?usinh th6i canhquanVudn qu5cgia mfli Cd Mau
phucvu b6otdn da d4ngsinhhgc
t36
1 8 , Nguy6nHoAngScrn,Phdnloai tnrqt ld d6t dd vd dSnhgi6 nguy co truqt lo dgc
tuy6nduongHd Chi Minh clop quadia phdnThriaThi€nHu6
t44
t9. Nguy6nNggc Th4ch, Ph4mXuAn Cinh, Ung dpngtich hgp Vi6n th6mvi GIS
thinh l{p bendd hoangm4cho6,nghidncr?uthi diilm d tinh Ninh Thu4n
152
20. LGVIn Thing, Nguy6nMinh K), Nh4nthfc criacQngd6ngd Thta Thi6nHu6
vAtrgttrOngquanlf mdi trudngtheoti6u chuAnQudctii ISO 14001
163
l.
2. Ds
on
3. Tr
ncl
2 t . Nguy6nThi Hn Thirnh,HQthdngtu liQutlia chinhvi tinh hinh so htu - sri dpng
d6tling Dia Linh, tinh ThiraThi0nHuii giai clo4n1935-1963
pr(
172
4.
22. Dinh Vin Thanh, Nguy6nThi Thanh Hoing, Nguy6nTiri Ki6n, Xic lf,p vung
nguyCnliQumia cho C6ngty mia cluongNghQAn Tate& Lyle, NghQAn
Ng
de
184
Nguy6nAn Thfnh, Dlnh luqng.bitind6i cdnhquandga tr6n md hinh phdntich
cgm c6 thri b|c bQchi s6 ph6ttri6n <16thi: nghi€ncfrutli€n hinh chokhu v.ucngo4i
thinh Hi NOi
195
24. Biti Thi Thu, LGVin Thing, ThUctr4ngvi gini phdpphdttrirSn
n6ngl6mnghiQp
d c6chuyQnvenbi6ntinh QuangNam
25 . Trin Vin Trulng, Ph4mQuangTuAn,Nguy6nThiThanh Hoa,PhqmMinh
Ht
sot
5 . Ph
us
pr(
6.
\. Eo
7 . Ng
ASS
Tim, Ti6p c4nhQthSngtrong
215
8. Ng
in:
26. PhgmQuangTuAn,PhgmThi CAm VAn, Ph4m Quang Linh, PhAntich hi€n
227
tr4ngvi hi6uqui sri dgngd6thuyQnQu6Phong,tinh NgheAn
9. Ho
im
lan
2 7 Trin Vin Tudn,LGPhuongThriy,Ph4mSi Li0m,D6 Th!Tiri Thu, XAydung
m6 hinh co sd dt liQudia chinhphucvq cdngt6cquin lf ddtdai t4i huy$nBa Vi,
233
thanhphd He Nqi
Trin Anh TuAn,Hir Minh Culng, Vfi PhuongLan, DucrngTh!Thriy, DWb6o
bi€ndQnglop phrlmatd6tthdnhph6He NOitoi nim 2014vit202l vot sUrrq gifip
criac6ngnghQvi6n th6mvd GIS
29. TrAn Vin 'f, TrAn Thiy Chi, Nguy6nThanh Tuin, Xdy dpngb0 chi tiOuph6t
tri€n b€n vfrng phgc W d6nhgi6 dnh hudng kinh t6, xa hQivd mdi rruonghirnh
252
langtuy6ndudmgUOCtri Uintr
10. Ng
sitr
11. Ng
the
12. Lu
of'
13. Gir
Tap chi Khoa hsc DHQGHN, lCroa hsc Tu nhi6n vi C6ng nghQ27, Sd4S (2011)l*751
Phdnlo4i trugt ld ddtd6 vd d6nhgi6 nguy co trugt lo dgc
tuy6nducrngHOChi Minh dopnquadfaphflnThriaThi0nHuO
Nguy6nHoing Son*
Khoa Dia tt, Tnrtng Dqi hqc Suphsm, Dqi hqc Huii, 34 Le Lqi, nue, WQtNam
Nh$nngiy l0 th6ngl0 nim 201I
T6m tit. Tuy6n dudng g6 Ctri Minh ch4y dgc phia TAy cua tinh Thna Thi6n Hlii, li con tludng
chii5nlugc quantrqng trong thoi lci khdngchilin vi ngiy nay viQcxdy dpg tuyi5ntlutmg ndy cdn
gidi quyi5tdugc tinh h4ng giao thdng, gidn dan,t6i ttinh cu vd t4o diAukiQncho hanhlang nnn ti5
phia tAyph6t tri6n. Tuy nhi€n, khi xdy dlmg xong tuyi5ndudng thi tinh tr?ngtnrst ld tt6t dgc hanh
lang tuy€n
chi ra dgc tuylin duong Hd Chi Minh tto4n qua dla ph$n Thua Thi€n Hur5c6 172diiim truqt ld.
Trong d6, 52 di6m c6 nguy co truqt ld r6t cao, 95 diilm c6 nguy co trugt ld cao, 72 diEmc6nguy
co trugt ld rung binh, 46 ttirSmc6lguy co tu6 ld th6pvn 7 di6m c6 nguy co trugt ld th6p.T& tl6
tt€ xu6t mQtsi5gini ph6pphdngch6ngtruqt d6t d4t ttugc hi€u qua.
Tt kh6q:trugt ld,
1. D{t vAnilO
Truot ld d6tdf li mQtdangtai bi6n qunhi6n
.I'
, I
xiy ra tuong cl6i ph6 bi6n o ving d6i nrii ViQt
Nam, dic bi€t dgc theo c6c tuy6n duong moi
.,3
r0ng ho{c ndn thing. H$u qui cia truqt ld dat
d6 din dtin vui l6p duong giao th6ng, tle dga
^A
cu6c sdngcta c6c khu d6n cu dgc theo tuydn
cluongvd duoi ch6nc6csuond5c.
I
.
.
,,.:.
Tuyen tludmgHd Chi Minh ch4y dgc phia
Tiy cria tinh Thria Thi6n Hu6, ld con cluong
| 'i
chi6nlugc quantrQngtrongthoi lcj khrlngchi6n
vd ngiry nay viQc xdy dgng tuyl5ndudng nAy
!-
cdn giii quydt
* DT: 84-914204003.
E-mail:
kinh t6 phia tdy ph6t tri6n. Tuy nhi6n, khi xiy
A^
dlmg xong tuy€n dudng thi tinh trAng truqt ld
dqc hAnhlang tuyi5nduong HO Chi Minh ilopn
qua ldnh th6 Thta Thi6n Hu6 thuong xiy 14
chi tinh ri6ng trong thang l0 nlm 2009 tr€n
tlo4ncludmgHOChi Minh tu A Roengdi A Tdp
di c6 hing chqc di6m sat ld voi hang nghin
nrOi a6t d6 dO ssp xui5ngm{t iluong [], giy
6ch tic giao th6ngvi uy hilip dtin ttoi stingvd
sinh ho4t cia nhdn din tr6n toan tuy6n, nhung
.,!
r
:
viQckhdc phpc v6n chi bdngbiQnph6ptruydn
thdng ld ldm kd md chua c6 ilugc nhtng gi6i
I
.l
ph6p,b€n
vtng, tl6ng bQvi nhirng dU rfnkhn thi
cho v6n dAniy. Bii vitit nhernd6nhgi6 mirc ttQ
truqt ld xiy ra dqc tuy6n ctuongH6 Chi Minh
tlopn qua dia phan Thta Thi6n Hui5giai do4n
2005- 2010,tir d6 gi6i thich nguy6nnhin vAdd
^.
xuAtci{cgini ph6pkhdcphpc.
N.i
2. HiQntrgr
tuy6n tluln
phfn Thira
2"1.Hi€n tre
Trongph
HOChi Minl
coi ld truc gi
ndy. Doan tl
ndm 2009 v
duimg c6 27
voi c6cmtc
Do c6utrfc e
che phri cua
cic dSngtru
tuyi5n,c6cda
trugt ld roi,
Tinh tr4ng tr
phia Bic vi p
thi trdn a I,ur
Dua tr6n
truqt ld ndm
tillnh gi6 mric
* Doan t
doan tludng n
(tii5p gi6p vd
khoang 25 kl
niry xiry ra94
tich trugt ld l
d6 truqt ld ld
di.im/an.
* Doan L
dogpduong c
thung liing A
ndntludng lA <
chung tlo4n d
kh6o s6ttrong
trugt lq mAtd
diQntich truqt
bi truqt ld.
N.H. Son I Tqp chi Krca hoc DHQGHN, Khoahqc Ty nhiht oi C6ngnghQ27, Sd45 (2077) 74+757
2. HiQn trgng vi phin logi tnrgt l0 tl6t dgc
tuy6n dudng Hd Chi Minh tlo4n qua ilia
yt lo dgc
Thi6n HuO
'l'lam
li con tludng
rirng niy cdn
r lang kinh t€
tldt dgc hanh
ri
ian cne nnms
iouaiuaoeI
lid.mtruqt ld.
li€m c6 nguy
n th6p.Tir d6
'uy
nhi€n,khi xiy
tinh h4ng truqt ld
{6 Chi Minh clo4n
u6 thudng xiy ra,
0 n6m 2009 h€n
A Roengdi A T6p
o voi hi,ng nghin
rft dudng [1], eny
p drln doi siing vd
todn tuy6n, nhung
; biQnph6ptruy6n
r dugc nhirng gidi
rftng dU6nkhe thi
n tl6nhgi6 mtc tlQ
cmgHO Chi Minh
i€n Hu.5giai ilo4n
nguy6nnhin vi tl€
pn6ornu fnieono6
2.1.Hi€n trqng tnto.t td diit
Trong pharnvi tinh Thta Thi6n Hu6, dudng
Hd Chi Minh chi tli qua huypttA Lu6i vi tlugc
coi li t4rc giao th6ng chffi cuahuyQnmiAnnui
niy. Do4n itudmgd i 97 km, kiStqu.i khio s6t
ndm 2009 vi 2010 cho thdy dgc theo tuy6n
tludrngc6 272 di6m truqt ld dit khi ttirln hinh
voi c6cmtc dQvi tilc diem truO ldlh6c nhau.
Do c6utnic dia ctrdgdp ttitim tlia hinh, mrlc tiQ
chephri cria thgc vft... lfidng giiing nhaunOn
c6c d4ng truqt ld cfing r6t da dang. Tr€n toan
tuy6n,c6c d4ngtruqt ld chri ytiu h truqt ld tr6i,
truqt ld roi, trugt ld ttAy vd tnrgt ld h6n hqp.
Tinh @ng truqt ld xiy ra ptr6 ti6n d Kru vr;c
phia Bic vi phia Nanr"tlogntnrng t6m chpy qua
thi trin A Lu6i mric tlQtruqt ld iAt ttrip.
Dga tr€n t6t qua tlo tlAc,lhio s6ttinh tr.ang
truqt ld n[m 2009vi 2010,chringt6i titin hanh
dAnhgie mtc ttQtruqt ld theo 3 do4nsau:
* Doqn H6ng Thny - HOuS Vdn: Dly lir
tlogn dudmgnim d phia Bic cria huyQnA Luoi
(tilip gi5p voi tinh Qunng Tr!), vdi chiAu dai
khoang25 km. Trongnlm 2009- 2010khu vgc
niy xiy ra 94 ttit-imtrugt ld l6n nh6. T6ng dign
tich truqt ld h 1!.421,5m2,v6i kh6i luqng d6t
d6 truqt ld h 46.603,2mt, mflt tlQtrugt lO 3,76
di6mAm.
* Doqn H6ng Trung - A Rodng:Hiu htit
tlopn tludrngc6 dia hinh beng phing, chgy qua
thung liing A Luoi, c6 t6ng chiAu dai 37 1xrir\
nAndudng lir cic tich tu trCDe tft (adQ1-2).
Min
chung dogrr iludng niy khi binh i5n, ti5t qua
khdo s6ttrong nim 2009- 2010chi c6 13 tliiim
truqt ld, mft dQtruqt ld gan 0,+ tli,im/km. fOng
diQntich truqt ld li 1.215nf vi2.929 m3d6td6
bi truqt ld.
t45
r Doqn A Roiing - HwngNguyAn: Vfi t6ng
chiAu dii tlosr tludmgh 35 km (tifu gi6p vdi
tinh QuangNarn), chri yiSuh ttudng quanhco,
nhi6u cua dtic, dlc biet co hai tloan phni hm
nam aai 125m vi 300m d c6c tlQ cao khodng
800 - 850m. Khu vgc c6 lugttg mua hang ntrm
khi l0n (3.500- 4.000mm/ntrm),cic sudn thu
nu6c rQng500 - 1.500- 2.500m,hay c6 suong
0t, dO im cao, ngudn nudc m[! nu6c ngAm
phongphri. Vd tt& di6m ttia ch6t- ttia mpo,d6y
li khu 4rc nrii cao (caonn6t tOi 1.150m),phdt
triiin mgnhhog ttQngx6m thgc vir b6c mdn. D6
g6c lO nhiA,r gdm hai loei chinh li granit phrlc
hC Der LQc (G/aDr
cit dt phii5n t$ch anh - sericit hQ tang A
Vuong (e2- Orav). Eliit ae bi dflp vO, ntrt nd
mgnh,mtc d0 phongh6a sdunhung kh6ngil€u.
Doqn tludng chuadugc tfri6t t6 vi thi c6ng hqp
$ v6i taluy cao vi d5c G€ s5 m6i tW toi
l/1,5-1,8).Tai biiSnftrqt ld tluqc ghi nh$nt6n
do4n tlutng niry tt nlm 2009 e6n ZOIOg6m
165diAnr\voi diQntich trugt ld h 25.148m2vi
81.218,3m3d6t,d6 bi truaq mOttlOtuqt ld len
denq,l diem/sn.
Hinh l. Truqt ld d6t tai tlio P6 Ke vio cu6i mangI
ntrm2009.
146
N.H. SonI T4pchi Kroahgc DHQGHN, Kna hgcTqrnhiln ad COngnghQ27, 5645 (2011)1U-151
N.l
2.2.Phdnloqi trttqt td ddt
C6 th6 ph6nlo4i c6c di6m truqt ld d6t dqc
duongHOChi Minh theoc6cti€u chi nhu sau:
- Theo kiiiu truqt l0: truqt ld dqc hry6n
ttudmgHO Chi Minh doan qua tlla phin Thrla
Thi€n Hu6 c6 100 di6m truqt ld trdi (cloan
HdngThriy - Hdng Vin c6 47 di6m,dopnHdng
Trung - A Roengc6 l0
day (doanHdng Thriy - Hdng Vdn c6 6 iti6m,
dop Hdng Trung - A Roeng c6 I di6m vd
doan A Roing - Huong Nguy€n c6 29
Vdn c6 7 di6m vi
hqp (doanHdng Thty - Hdng VAn c6 34 di6m,
dogn Hdng Trung - A Rodng c6 2 clitim vi
dopn A Ronng- Huong Nguy€n c6 39 ttir!m).
Tgi c6cdi6mtruqt ld h6i, ttrOi a6t d6 bitruqt ld
hipn kh6ng cdn d6utich, bd mit truqt l0 ra tao
thdnhbAmat dia hinh hiQntai. O ki€u truqt dAy,
bA mat c6c khtii truqt niy kh6ng beng phing,
nhiAum6m nh6 (hinh 2). Truqt ld roi ld c6c
cgc, td.ng c6 kich thu6c dao dQng t& vdi
centimettti5ngan 0,5m;tgi c6cdi6m ndy d6t d6
bi ld roi, lin tt phia tr€n xu6ng chdn taluy
itudmg.Truqt ld h5n hqp bao gdm c6c dgng
truqt l& diy k6t hqp voi rua tr6i, truqt ld roi vi
x6i mdn.
- TheodiQntich truqt ld: d khu v.ucniy, c6
thAphanloai trugt ld d6t theo dign tich truqt ld
vor cfucc6p d0 nhu: Truqt ld nh6 (diQn tich
truqt ld duoi lOm), truqt ld trung binh (diQn
tich trugt ld 10 - 50m2),truqt ld lon (diQntich
truqt ld 50 - 100m1,truqt ld i6t l6n (diQntich
truqt ld tr6n 100m2).S5 hqng c6cdi6mtruqt ld
dqc hanh lang tludng Hd Chi Minh dogn qua
ttia phpn Thira Thi6n Huii phin theo di€n tich
trugt dugc ttrii nien d bing sau:
Bang l. SOai6m truqt ld a6t 6*ran theo diQntich truqt ld) dqc hinh lang ttudng Hd Chi Minh
(tlognquatlia phin Thia Thi€n Hu6)
Do4nHdng Thriy - Hdng Vtn
TL R6t
ldn
TL
Lon
TL Trung
binh
46
l6
30
TL TL REt TL
nhd
I6n
Lon
2
Dogn A Rolng - Huong Nguy0n
Dogn Hdng Trung - A Rolng
TLTrung
binh
TL
nhd
TL RAt TL
lcrn Ltn
93
5
Quabang I cho th6y tr€n tofurtuy6n c6 l,$4
di6m truqt ld r6t l6n, 48 tti6m truqt ld voi quy
md lon, 72 dilmtrugt ld d mrlc trung binh vi 8
tli6m truqt ldnh6. Nhin chungc6cdi6mtruo-tld
i6t ton vi lon ttdu t$p trung chri y6u d lhu vgc
!
phia nam vi phia ,b[c
cria tuy6n tludng, noi ttia
hinh chri ytiu h tluong tldo, d6c voi nhtng vich
nrii dpg thmg d ci hai b6n tuy6ncluong.
- Theo ttr6 tictr truqt ld: dya vdrophin lopi
ctia Lomtadze(1997),vsi c6cchinh lj dga tr6n
,t
A ,.^
s6 liQu quantrdc, do dp d Viet Nam, cic tic
25
TL
TL Trung
binh
nhd
4l
6
gie Tren Trgng HuQvir nnk de phin lopi truqt ld
theothii tich nhu sau:
Bing2. PhAnloaitnrqtld theothdtich [2]
I
2
3
4
Nh6
Vira
Lon
PAt tsn
< 100
l0l - 1.000
1.001-100.000
>100.000
Theo cich phin lo4i fr€n, tuy6n tfuong Hd
Chi Minh thuOctlia phfn Thira Thi6n Huti xiy
ra 35 ttitim truqt ld vdi quy md lon (ttqn HOng
Thriy - H6n
Huong Ngu
vira (trong d
c6 sti didm tr
d6n ld tloan
tliiim vd it nl
chi c6 6 di6
Hdng Thriy Trung- A Rr
Huong Nguy
3. DAnh gi6
lang tludmg
phfn Thira 1
3.1.NguyAnt
3.1.1.Ye
Eo4n clu
Thira Thi6n l
Luoi ld khu r
h d6u viit ci
ddi caophia
Truong Son I
hinh thinh 3
hqp cria vinS
granitcta virn
Nh6m cl6
lo4i cl6cdt ki5
chi6mdi€ntic
cria vung. Gir
c6 rry6n dudn
ch6t dugc c6u
hqp. Nh6m di
ntr6t,dEui *ra
ngo4i lgc. d r
nhu xii A Roi
chitimt! lQcar
khi mua lon k(
ru-15L
N.H. ScnI Tapchi Khoahoc DHQGHN, Kroa hgcTy nhiAnoi C6ngnghQ27, 56'45Q017) 7M-151
i tricutrugttl6y,
rngbing phing,
qt ld roi ld cfic
o dQng tu vii
di6mndyeit ea
rdng chdn taluy
, g6m c6c dgng
ri. trugt ld rctivi
khu v.ucndy, c6
li€n tich truqt ld
i nh6 (dipn tich
mmg binh (diPn
lo lon (diQntich
iit lon (diQntich
c6cdi6mtruqt ld
Minh
Thriy - Hdng Vdn c6 11 di6m,doanA Roing Huong Nguy€nc6 24 tti€m), 149di6m truqt ld
vira (trong ct6ctoSnA RoIng - Huong Nguy€n
c6 sOaiilm truqt ld nhiAunhAtvoi 90 di6m,ti6p
tliin li tlogn H6ng Th,iy - Hdng Vdn voi 53
diiSmvd it nh6t li doanHOngTrung - A Ronng
chi c6 6 di€m) vi 88 di€m truqt ld nh6 (tloan
H6ng Thriy - Hdng Vin c6 30 di6m,itoqnHdng
Trung- A Roengc6 7 di6m vi do4nA RonngHuongNguy€nc6 51 diiim).
3. DAnh gi6 nguy co truqt le d6t dgc hinh
lang tludmg HO Chi Minh (ilo4n qua tlla
ph$n Thira Thi0n Hud)
147
Nh6mtt6 bi6nch5tbao96; ae phi6nsdt,
..4
phi6nmica vd gonai.Ddy li nh6mtl5 bi€n chdt
nhiQtti€p xirc voi d6 macmaxAmnhfp cta c6c
kh5i granit,c6 dipntich dringkii vi phdnb6 ven
'
a"
granit d phia nam vi t6y bic
ria cria c6c khdi
cria thung lflng A Luoi [5]. Cic khu 4rc ndy
phdnbti d c6chxa tuyi5ndudngvi thuongc6 clQ
d5c lon.
Nh6m d6 macmaaxit c6 di€n tich kh6ng
tt6ngkOphdnbr5d phia Ddng Nam vi Tdy Bic
thung lflng A Luoi, c6 dia hinh kh6 hi6m trd
nOndi xiy ra truqt ld voi mit d0 lon saukhi
hoi,n thd.,nh
tuyi5n
00'{
3.1.Nguyhnnhdngay tnrqt ld ddt
3.1.1.Yautii dia chiit
lhi Minh
' Huang Nguy6n
TL Trung
binh
TL
nhd
4l
6
phdnlopi truqt ld
eothiitich[2]
ThGtich
< 100
l0l - 1.000
1.001- 100.000
>100.000
tuy6n tludng HO
a Thi€n HuiSxiy
6 lon (doanH6ng
Do4n tludng H6 Chi Minh di qua tlia ph4n
Thira Thi6n Hu6, chSy dqc theo thung lflng A
Luoi li khu v.ucnrii th6p Tdy Tri - Thi6n. Ddy
h d6u viit cria tlnt giy kitin t4o phin vung gd
ddi cao phia ddng vi virng nrii trung binh Bic
Trudng Son [3,4]. Vi vfly, qui frinh tIla ch6tdi
hinh thdnh3 nh6m tl6 co btur li tram tich hdn
hqp cria virng thung lfrng, d6 bii5n ch6t vd tt6
granit criavirng nrii trung binh BachM6.
Nh6m dA trim tich h5n hqp bao gdm c6c
loai rt6 c6t ki5tvi c5t bot ki5t.Ddy li nh6m rt6
chi6m diQntich lon nh6t vi phdnUOOtnrng tern
^x
cta vilng. Gan toi,n bQ thung lflng A Luoi noi
c6 tuy6n dudng Hd Ctri Minh di qua c6 ndn dia
ch6t clugc c6u tao boi nh6m d6 trim tich h5n
hqp. Nh6m d6t nay c6 k6t c6u k6m bAn vtng
nn6t, aEb! thay d6i kfii tic dQng cua cic yi5ut5
ngoSilgc. 6 cfuckhu v.ucttQ diSclsn tr6n 300
nhu xi A Roing, Hdng Thriy, thanh phdn s6t
chiiSmf! lQcaoc6 nhiAunguy co xiy ra truqt ld
khi mua lon k6o dai.
,
,
,
IA
Hinh2. SoeOtfriihiQnkiiiu trugtld dAy
Chf giai:l-5: xem.hinh
3; 6. Kd chAntaluy;
O KhdidatdAbi truqtsut;
@BOmft taluyhignt4i (saukhi bi truqtld)
Nhin chung,trugt ld phin l6n xiy ra hong
c6c lo4i d6 thuQc nh6m
trim tich lgc nguy€n,lgc nguydn- phun trio.
3.1.2.Yeutii ttia hinh - ttia mqo
Trugt ld d6t hiu hiStxiy ra t4i c6c khu vgc
dia hinh cao, dQ diic vi ttQchia cit tcmtpo ra
nlng lugng dia hinh lon thuen lqi cho truqt d6t
,la
c6 ngudn gdc trgng lUc [6]'-Dia hinh khu v.uc
148
N.H. SonI Tqpchi KhaahocDHQGHN, KhoahgcTq nhiln od COngnghQ27, 5645 Q011) L44-L51,
hanh lang tluong HO Chi Minh ttop qua tlla
phfn Thrla Thi€n HuiSc6 @ng luting cly chpy
theo huong tl6ng bic - tiiy nam, O gita c6 <10
cao th6phon vd it chia cit hon. Hai-b6nld hai
ddy nrii cao tr€n 1000m. MQt dey nim O phia
Tfly Nar& dgc theo bi6n gioi Viet - Lio. DEy
cdn lai voi nhidudinh nui caotr6n 1400m, nim
d phia DOngBic lai In siu vio llnh th6 teo n6n
tluong phdnthriy cuavirng. BA mtt 800 - 900m
chi6m pnan ton dipn tich phdn tey bic h dAu
vtit cria cic bA m[t sanbeng c6. Thung lflng A
Sd - A Luoi nim d dQcao 500 - 55&n, c6 ttia
hinh tuong A6i UArgphine d+nebei bdi hay bic
thdm.Phanlon c6cdii6mtruqt ld chri y6u xiy ra
& ltroang d0 d6cdia hinh 150- 350 d phia Bic
vdrphia Nam tuy6n duong vi mQts6 it xiy ra d
khoangdOd6c a50- 550.Khu v.ucphia Bic cua
thung lflng A Luoi g6m cic xii Hdng Th,iy,
HdingVdn, HOngTrung c6 chiAurQngnh6 chi
khoang tu 1 - 2 lcrn thuong hay set ld anh
huong tr.ucti6p d6ntuyiSnduong.
nguy6n nhdn gAy ra x6i ld duong sr{r"ph6 hny
ruQngvuon d khu v.ucniy. Trong thoi gian ttr
ngiy 28 th6ng9 di5nngiy 3 th6ngl0 nim 2009,
do anh huong cta con b6o si59 n€n dii gdyn
luqng mua r6t lon (luqng mua ngdy 2919do
tlugc li 366mm) kdm theogi6 m4nh,tll gdy s4t
ld 148.436m' d6t d6" giao th6ng tr€n tuyiin
duong HOChi Minh thuQctlia phdnThira Thi6n
Uui5fi tC fiet hoiur toiul. BOncanh d6, hQ si5
3.
chia c6t ngangcflng d6ngvai trd quanhgng gdy
trugt ld, anh huong atin tuytin ttudrng.TrOntoAn
tuy6nc6 l5l s6ng,suOiton nh6 chaycit nguttg
.A
quatuy€ntlulng, voi m$t
Hoat d(
yeu to quye
an todn cu
doan qua d
c6c m6i talt
hodc thi c6
ch6t,hoac n
ra trugt lo.
n6n tdt d6 s
trinh. C6c 1
bii, chdt phr
thinh c6c r
tluong Cli gd
Huong Nguy€n, mflt d0 l€n d6n 3,4 con s6ng
1su5i;/km.Ngoii ra, circ m4ch nudc ngam an
lan ra s6t v6ch dudng cflng li nhtng nguy co
lon cho qu6ftinh truqt ld di6n ra.
3.2. Buoc d
ith dpc dtro,
Thia Thien ,
3.1.4.Yeutd nhdnsinh
3.13. Yeut6 khi ttn.nS- thtryvdn
D{c di6m khi tuqng - thriy vin, cg thia h
tt[c
Ke d phia Bfc, ddo Hai Him d phfa Nam c6
lugng mua cao vd lugng nu6c dudi eit tcmaa
lim cho truqt ld ailt ae i.it nghiOmtrgng. Khu
v.uc dudng HO Chi Minh tloan qua
lugng mua trung binh tir 2800 mm diSn3400
mm. Mira mua d tt6y k6o dai tt thfng 5 di5n
thing 10, c6 hai cgc dpr vdo thring l0 (900 1000mm) vi thring5 (220- 230 mm). Gi6 cfing
li mQt trong nhihrg y6u t5 khi tuqng cs-enh
.
-i.
hu&ngtuoxg
b[o) lay tlQngd6n gi5cvi rE ciy lim ph6 vd cAu
tuqng Alit Oin d6n nguy co tugt l& cing cao.
Lugng mua c6 cudng d0 l6n, t{p trung trong
.':
thoi gian ngin vd kCt hAp v6i gi6 manh ld
oti aan
doan duong
nhAnvd hi€r
sfi tnrot lo i
sd
Trong dt
bi trtqt Io (t
didm ftuot ti
N6u:
Ktl > 0,5
Ktl tu 0,j
Ktl tu 0
trung binh
Ktl fi0,0
' Ktl <0,01
Hinh 3. Ban dd hiQntrgngHrOitruqt e6t
dgc tuy6n dudng Hd Chi Minh ilo4n quattia ph6n
Thira Thi6n Hu€
Tr€n cilc
luong), ktit <
truqt ld d6t dr
'
qua dia phan
* Doan 11
ddi 25 km c6
N.H. Son/ Tapchi Ktoa hacDHQGHN, KhoahgcTv nhiAnui C6ngnsht 27, Sd4SQ011) 1U-151
1U-1-51
rng s4 ph6 htiy
ong thoi gian tu
ng l0 nIm 2009,
9 ndn dE gdy ra
a ngdy 2919do
manh,d6 gdy sg
h6ng tr€n tuy6n
rh0nThta Thi€n
cgnh t16,h$ sti
o quantrqnggdy
ludng. Tr0n todur
o ch4ycit ngang
ung binhle 1,56
ttoanA Ro6ng-
I{o4t
an todn cia cdng trinh clucmgHd Chi Minh
tlo4n qua dia phgn Thtia Thi€n Huri. tliu hiit
,l
c6c m6i taluyd€u qu6 cao,qu6 d6c do thi6t k€
ho4cthi cdng chuaphn hqp voi ddc ditim dia
, a. ,
chdt,hodc m6i taluy chua hoan thiQnn6n de gdy
ra truqt ld. N6n m6ng c6ng trinh khdng dim
n6n tdt d6 sinh spt hin nut vd duong vi c6ng
trinh. C6c khu v.uc khai th6c l6m thd san bila
bii, chlt ph6 nmg ldm nuong r6y hay viQchinh
thinh c6c md khai th6c d6 ngay c4nh tuy6n
cluongtl6 giy phrit sinh nhi6u truot ld.
in 3,4 con sOng
r nu6c ngim en
nhftng nguy co
3.2. Budc ddu nhdn clinh vi nguy co truqt td
ddt dpc dudng Hi Chi Minh iloqn qua dia phqn
Thia Thien Hu€
?.
De danh gi6 nguy co trugt ld dat tr6n c6c
tloan dudng cp th€, ngoii c6c ti€u chi nguy0n
nh6n vi hiQn tr4ng, chirng t6i sri dUng th6m he
sOtnrqt ld d6t $6u t6 c6 tinh dinh luqng). He
sd duo.c tinh theo c6ng thrlc: Ktl : StVSdg[2].
h:
r,
r
Trong d6: Ktl: h€ sii tntqt ld; Stl: diQn tich
bi truqt td (m2); Sitg: diQn tich bi m(t taluy c6
ctidm trtrqt ld (m2)
N6u:
Ktl > 0,5:taluyc6 nguyco truqt ld r6t cao;
Ktl tir 0,3-0,5:taluy c6 nguy co trugt ld cao
Ktl fi 0,1-0,3:taluy c6 nguy co truqt ld
trungbinh
Ktl tt 0,01-0,1:taluyc6 nguyco trugt ld thap
Ktl <0,01:taluyc6 nguyco truqtlOr5t th6p
frOitruO a6t
eua
TrOnc6c co sd dd n€u (dinh tinh vn dinh
luqng), ktit qui budc ctiu tftinh gi6 nguy co
truqt ld d6t dqc tuyiin tluongHOChi Minh clo4n
quacliaphin Thta Thi6nHu6nhu sau:
* DoanH6ng Thl)y- H6ng Zrin:Tr€n chiAu
dei 25 km c6 15 di6m c6 nguy co rruot lo r6t
149
cao,39 di6m c6 nguy co tnrqt ld cao,33 di6m
c6 nguy co truqt ld trung binh vd 7 tti€m c6
nguy co truqt ld th6p. Nhin chung, nguy co
truqt ld xiy ra cd taluy duong cfing nhu taluy
6m vA nguy co truqt ld cao vi r6t cao chri yi5u
thuQckhu vgc gin l0 km criacldoP€Ke. Ddy ld
do4ndudmgc6 d0 d6c cao,mtc clQchia cit seu
l6n, v6chc6ctaluy dpg ctungvd hoptdQngddt
nuonglim riy dgc tuy6ndudngdi ldm gia tlng
nguy co truqt ld A6tmOikhi miramua d6n.C6c
hinh thtc truqr ld dAtcht y6u d
* Doqn H6ng Trung - A Roing: DAy ld
do4ntludng c6 cliahinh kh6 bing pheng,chay
qua thi trrin A Luoi. Nguy co trugt ld d doen
chi c6 3
nhin giy truqt ld d ddy chriyr5uld do nguoi ddn
khai th6c dri t.u ph6t dgc tuy6n duong, d5t
nuong ldm riy ho{c viQckhai th6c96 tr6i ph6p
vi thd g5 roi tu tr6n nti xu5ng di v6 tinh t4o
thdnhnhiingrdnhmdn,gay nguyco truot ld.
t Doqn A Rodng- Htmng Nguy4n:E0y li
do4n dudng ch4y qua ving dia hinh r6t phric
t?p voi nhidunrii cao,v.ucs6u...n€nhdurgnim
thudng xiy ra truqt ld nghiOmtreng, g6y kh6
khdn trong viQcsria chta vi khic phpc. Dogn
dtin 165tlii5mtnrqt ld, trong d6 c6 37 cti6mc6
nguy co truqt ld rat cao, 56 di6m c6 nguy co
truqt ld cao,36 dirim c6 nguy co ruqt ld trung
binh, 30 ditim c6 nguy co ruqt ld th6p vi 6
di6m c6 nguy co truqt ld rit th6p.Nguy€irnhdn
gay truo-tld chri yi5ud ddy dugc x6c dlnh ld do
viQcxdy dpg cic m6i taluy voi g6c d6c qu6
lon ki5t hqp voi c6u tuqng bd roi cria th6
nhu0ngcing voi viQcddy li khu v.ucc6 luqng
mua hdngnim cao... de ldm cho khu v.ucniy
thudngxuy6nbi truO ld, lim t0 liQtgiao thdng
trongmia mual[.
N.H. Sctr/ Tapchi KhoahocDHQGHN,KhoahocT* nhitn oh COngngh( 27,56'45Q011)144-151
150
4. MOt s5 giii phdpkhic phgc tai bi6ntrugt
tO OAtdqc tlulng tld Chf Minh do4n qua
Thira Thiin HUG
HiQnt4i, ir m6t sti do4n dgc tuy6n duong
H6 Chi Minh thuQc
,l
nhu trdngc6 vd kd d6 duoi chAnc6ctaluy.Tuy
nhi6n,nhirnggidi ph6pndy chua phir hqp ho4c
chuad5pung ky thuet.Loai c6 tr6ng d il6y ph6t
trii5nr6t kdm, cdn kd <16chi c6 tic dpng ngin
.1.
.
A
'
bin ddt trdn xu6ng tuydn tludng. Tt nhirng
nghi€n cuu v6 hi$n tr4ng tai bi6n trugt Id, c6
.r:.
-l
t.
th€ dCxudt c6cgini ph6phgnch€trugt ld d khu
v.ucnghiOncriu theohai nh6mgiii ph6psau:
4.1.Nh6mgidi phdpphi c6ngtrinh
- DiAu tra t6ng hgp vi phAntich c6c
thim thgc vAt),ttia hinh vd tlia ch6t (chfry dac
r.i
dremlop vo phonghoa).
- Tuy6ntruy€nrQngr6i cho nguoi ddn tAm
quantrqngcta c6chi6m ho6 tai bii5nlu nhi0n
n6i chungvd trugt lo ddt n6i ri6ng dd c6 bi€n
ph6pphongtr6nh.
^
a
,,
- Kh6ng cip
ph6p
cfing nhu nghiCmcam
tuyet ddi viQckhai th6c g5, v$t liQuxly d1mg,
kho6ngsirn,c6c c6ng trinh xdy dpg, c6cdi6m
J
ddn cu n5mtrong ph4mvi hdnhlang bio vQan
todncriatuy€ncludng.
- Xdy dung he thdng bi6n cinh b6o tr6n
':
tuydniluong tlangc6 nguy co truqt ld
:
.l
,
..
.;
cAnb6 tri chi ddngiaothdng,b6 tri c6crio chdn
t4m thoi vi cim bitin canhb5onguy hi6m.
- Khan t o*q di doi cdc hd dAn,c6c c6ng
trinh xiy dpg ndm trong virng nguy hi6m do
tai biiin truqt ld d6te6nc6cvl tri an tod,n.
- Thinh l4p c6edQi cuu h0 co dQngnhim
..,3
img criru,xri lf vi khdcphgchiu qui do tai bi€n
t.unr'ri€rrgiyra tr6ntuytintiuong-minhquanly.
1.2. Nh6m gidi phap cdng trinh
N.
- Nguy r
- OOi voi c6c v6ch cluong clangc6 nguy co
.
., :.
trugt ld, cdn c6 biQnph6p chdng t6c dQngph6
ho4i cta nudc m[t bing c6ch xdy dpg h9
tr€n m6t s6
trSn A Luoi
thdng rlnh tho6t nudc tr€n suim d cric tlQ cao
kh6c nhau, trdng cd Vetiver chiing qu6 trinh x6i
duqc x6c dir
khi tuong trong d6 ng
t6c ddng ma
mdn d6t.
- OOi vcri c6c di6m ruqt lo lon, phuc t4p
tr€n c6c v6ch taluy ducrng di5cdimg, cin gidm
tai trgng tr6n sudn bing c6ch ha thAp cic mhi
d6c, ldm thodi m6i d6c, t4o nhidu bic thang
theo suln di5cnhu t?i Km 314 + 150, Km 393,
Km 401+300...Ting tii trgng o phin chdncria
,.
,t
, J
m6i ddc b[ng cdch xdy dpg cric lo4i tuong
phin 6p, xdy cic tuong chin b€ t6ng cdt thdp,
tudngr9 d6 Mac-ca-phe-rit4i mQts6 di6mtruqt
thuQcKm 320,Km 406+ 960...
5. K6t tu$n
Qua nghiCncr?u,khdo s6t tnrgt ld d6t tr6n
tuy6n ttuong HO Ctri Minh tlo4n qua cliaphin
ThtraThi6nHu6 nim 2009,2010c6 thii dua ra
^
t.t..
^
mQts6 k€t lugnchungnhu sau:
- Trugt ld d6t xu6t hiQnchri y6u t?i tuyi5n
dulng thuQcxi H6ng Thny, Hdng Vin d phia
Bic vi xd A Roing,HuongNguy0nd phiaNam.
- Truqt lo dit tt6 dqc tuy6n duong HO Chi
Minh thuQc
-t
taluy duongcriatuy€ntluong.
- Nguy co trugt ld d6t d6 mr?cttQl6n, g6y
thiet hai nghiQmtrong di5ivoi nguoi vd tdi san
nim dgc theo tuytin tludng quanhkhu vgc
- Nguy co trugt ld d6t d6 mtc d0 trungbinh
xity ra
-Tdhq
Tiri lifu tha
[ll So Giao
thi€t hai ,
[2J Trin Trq
cac loai ,
va cdc gi
Curren
H
F'a
The Ho (
along the we
traffic proble
economic co
landslidesaL
solutions to
landsidealon
'
ketwords
, 111-151
N.H. Son/ T4pchi KhonhocDIIQGIIN, KhoahocTt nhiAnudCbngngh(27,Sd45 Q01Lr1U-151
h
- Nguy co trugt ld dAtd5 mric d0 nh6 xAyra
dang c6 nguy co
6ng t6c dQngph6
rch xdy dUng hQ
rcm d cilc tlQ cao
r6ng qud trinh x6i
lo lon, phfc tpp
c dimg, cAn giim
r hg th6p c6c m6i
nhidu bic thang
{ * 150,Km 393,
g o phAn chin cria
g c6c lopi tuong
be tdng c5t thdp,
mqt s5 ditim truqt
t:,.
tr6nmQts6tuy€nduongtrungtdm,chpyquathi
tr6nA Luoi, tti km 321d6nkm 380.
i
,
- -Td
hqp c6c nguy€n nhAn gdy truqt ld de
duqc x6c dinh ld do dia ch6t,cllahinh - dia m4o,
khi tuqng - thriy vdn, hogt clQngnhAn sinh...
tlong d6 nguy6n nhdn khi tuqng - thiy vdn c6
t6c dQngmgnh m€ nh6t.
t3l
t4l
t5l
Tiri lipu tham khio
tll Sd GiaothdngvAntdi ThuaThi€nHu6,Bdocdo
thiethqibdo,l\t ndm2009,20t0,Hue,2010.
t2l TranTrsng HuQ,Nqhi€nc*u.ddnhgid.t6nghqp
cdc loai hinh tai bi€n alia chdt ldnh th6 ViCt Nam
vd cdc gidi phdp phdng trdnh (giai doqn I - ving
t6l
I 5I
Bdc Trung B.il. Pi6ocrlo ti5ngk6t dd tdi khoa hgc,
Vi€n Dia chAt,2000.
Nguy6n Lflp Ddn vi nnk, Nghi1n cilru dV bao
nguy co cdc tai biiin thi6n nhi€n (rt \il, truqt ld,
li qudt, fi bin dd, x6i ld bd s6ng) lvu vttrcs6ng
Hrong vd d€ xudt.cdcgidi phdp phdng tdnh gidm
thieu thi€t hqi, DE tii c6p ViQn Khoa hgc vi Cdng
nghQViQtNam, Hi NQi,2008.
Nguy6n Xudn Gi6p, trAn TAn Vdn vd n*, Hi€n
trqng vd phdn ving &t bdo truqt ld ddt dd dpc
mil sii doqn hdnh lang tludng ni cnt uinn,
Tuy6nt{p 86o c6o FINKH 60 ndm Dia chdt Vi€t
Nanu tr.324-339,Ha NOi,2005.
Nguy6n Th6m, Nguy6n Horing Son, Nghi6n cuu
tinh hinh l0 qu6t d luu vgc sdng Huong tinh Thua
Thi6n Hu€ vi c6c biQnphrip phdng ni$h, Tqp ch{
Khoa hpc vd gtdo d4c, Trudng Dai hqc Su phgm
Hu€.56 03 (07y2008.
Hoang Anh Tuhn,Nghien cnt tai bi€n ncry t& diit
dd & ving d6i nili tinh Thta Thi6nHu€, LuQnvdn
th4c si khoa hqc Dia chAt.Hu€, 2008.
Currentstatusandrisk estimationof landsidehazard
alongthe
Ho Chi Minh highwayin ThuaThienHueprovince
I rrugt ld ct6ttr€n
o?n qua tiia phan
010c6 thAduara
NguyenHoangSon
Faculty of Geography,College of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi, Hue, Vietnam
t;
t.a
chu yeu tar ruyen
Hdng Vdn o phia
uytn d phiaNam.
6n duong gO Ctri
hi6n Huti chi y6u
n hqp xdy ra trOn
, muc tlQ l6n, gdy
i nguoi vi tii san
uanhkhu v.uccldo
mircdQrung binh
0 diin km 320 vit
)7 + 650.
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The Ho Chi Minh road, which used to be a strategically important route during the war time, runs
along the westernareaof Thua Thien Hue province.The constructionof this highway helps solve the
traffic problems, loosen the inhabitants' density, rearrange the residence and support the western
economic corridor's development. However, since the highway's construction finished, the status
landslides along its corridor happens frequently but there has not been any effective or practical
solutions to limit the hazardous effects. This paper analyzes the current status and to classiff of
landsidealong Ho Chi Minh roads in Thua Thien Hue province, and to estimateits danger.
Keryords: landslide, Ho Chi Minh road, Thua Thien Hue.
